【考研类试卷】湖北大学考博英语-2及答案解析.doc

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1、湖北大学考博英语-2 及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.All theories _ from practice and m turn serve practice.（分数：0.50）A.originateB.restrainC.modifyD.reflect2.It is strictly _ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.（分数：0.50）A.securedB.forbiddenC.regulatedD.

2、determined3.Jim cooperated on the condition that he would be _ from prosecution.（分数：0.50）A.immuneB.insolatedC.isolatedD.avoidable4.The newly designed zoom has overcome distortion previously _ in a zoom of this range.（分数：0.50）A.inherentB.geneticC.coherentD.generic5.Although I spoke to him many times,

3、 he never took any _ of what I said.（分数：0.50）A.noticeB.remarkC.observationD.attention6.Although she was still ill, she _ herself from the hospital.（分数：0.50）A.extractedB.dischargedC.injectedD.drained7.We“re _ by mosquitoes up here in the north in summer. A. infested B. infected C, swarmed D. plagued

4、（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.8.In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _.（分数：0.50）A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered9.The new secretary has written a remarkably _ report only in a few pages but with all the details included.（分数：0.50）A.conciseB.clearC.preciseD

5、.elaborate10.He couldn“t explain the problem well, as he had only a(n) _ knowledge of the subiect.（分数：0.50）A.elementaryB.rudimentaryC.inceptiveD.initial二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：5，分数：38.00)All cultures have some system of measuring duration, or keeping time, but in Western industrialized societies, w

6、e keep track of time in what seems to other peoples almost an obsessive fashion. We view time as motion on a space, a kind of linear progression measured by the clock and the calendar. This perception contributes to our sense of history and the keeping of records, which are typical aspects of Wester

7、n cultures. Although our perceptions of time seem natural to us, we must not assume that other cultures operate on the same time system. For instance, why should we assume that a Hopi raised in the Hopi culture would have the same intuitions about time that we have? In Hopi history, if records had b

8、een written, we would find a different set of cultural and environmental influences working together. The Hopi people are a peaceful agricultural society isolated by geographic feature and nomad enemies in a land of little rainfall. Their agriculture is successful only by the greatest perseverance.

9、Extensive preparations are needed to ensure crop growth. Thus the Hopi value persistence and repetition in activity. They have a sense of the cumulative value of numerous, small, repeated movements, for to them such movements are not wasted but are stored up to make changes in later events. The Hopi

10、 have no intuition of time as motion, as a smooth flowing line on which everything in the universe proceeds at an equal rate away from a past, through a present, into a foreseeable future. Long and careful study of the Hopi language has revealed that it contains no words, grammatical forms, construc

11、tions, or expressions that refer to what we call time-the past, present, or future-or to the duration or lasting aspect of time. To the Hopi, “time“ is a “getting later“ of everything that has been done, so that past and present merge together. The Hopi do not speak, as we do in English, of a “new d

12、ay“ or “another day“ coming every twenty-four hours; among the Hopi, the return of the day is like the return of a person, a little older but with all the characteristics of yesterday. This Hopi conception, with its emphasis on the repetitive aspect of time rather than its onward flow, may be clearl

13、y seen in their ritual dances for rain and good crops, in which the basic step is a short, quick stamping of the foot repeated thousands of times, hour after hour. Of course, the American conception of time is significantly different from that of the Hopi. Americans“ understanding of time is typical

14、 of Western cultures in general and industrialized societies in particular. Americans view time as a commodity, as a “thing“ that can be saved, spent, or wasted. We budget our time as we budget our money. We even say, “Time is money“, We are concerned in America with being “on time“; We don“t like t

15、o “waste“ time by waiting for someone who is late or by repeating information; and we like to “spend“ time wisely by keeping busy. These statements all sound natural to a North American. In fact, we think, how could it be otherwise? It is difficult for us not to be irritated by the apparent careless

16、ness about time in other cultures. For example, individuals in other countries frequently turn up an hour or more late for an appointment-although “being late“ is at least within our cultural framework. For instance, how can we begin to enter the cultural world of the Sioux, in which there is no wor

17、d for “late“ or “waiting“. Of course, the fact is that we have not had to enter the Sioux culture; the Sioux have had to enter ours. It is only when we participate in other cultures on their terms that we can begin to see the cultural patterning of time.（分数：7.50）(1).From the passage, the Hopi have n

18、o intuition of time as motion because _.（分数：1.50）A.their way of living depends greatly on perseverance and repetitionB.they think it necessary to invent their own perception of timeC.their language does not contain words referring to motionD.they think everything should proceed in a linear way(2).Wh

19、at is the Hopi“s conception of time?（分数：1.50）A.Repeating footsteps is the way they count timeB.The line between past and present is clearC.When a person returns, the day returnsD.Today is the repetition of yesterday(3).The concept of time as a commodity in the third paragraph means that _.（分数：1.50）A

20、.time can be used and spent like consumer goodsB.people who work long hours will be paid handsomelyC.people can buy time just like they buy a productD.time is considered priceless that people can“t afford(4).If you were to visit a Sioux festival, it would probably be necessary that _.（分数：1.50）A.you

21、call in advance if you are going to be lateB.you arrange for transportation well in advanceC.you have a delayed schedule of all the activitiesD.you have an exact schedule of the various events(5).Which of the following views seems most opposite to the Western perception of time?（分数：1.50）A.Make a hay

22、 while the sun shinesB.Procrastination is necessaryC.Punctuality is the soul of businessD.A young idler, an old beggarOnce upon a time, innovation at Procter things like crime, trust in public institutions and the health of family life matter too. 5 , the index takes 11 statistically significant ind

23、icators into 6 They are a mixed bunch: some are 7 factors, Such as geography; others change only very slowly 8 time; and some factors depend on policies and the state of the world 9 . Despite the global economic crisis, times have in certain respects 10 been so good. Output growth rates have been 11

24、 across the world, but income levels are at or near 12 highs. Life expectancy continues to 13 steadily and political freedoms have spread across the 14 . In other ways, however, the crisis has 15 a deep imprint on unemployment and personal 16 . After crunching its numbers, the EIU has Switzerland co

25、mfortably in the top spot, with Australia second. Small economies 17 the top ten, half of which are European. The Nordic countries shine, 18 the crisis-ridden south of Europe (Greece, Portugal and Spain) lags behind. The 19 European economies (Germany, France and Britain) do not do particularly well

26、. America 20 back in 16th place. Despite their economic dynamism, none of the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India and China) scores impressively. Among the 80 countries covered, Nigeria comes last: it is the worst place for a baby to enter the world in 2013.（分数：10.00）A.relegatesB.addsC.abdicatesD.

27、linksA.prejudicedB.objectiiveC.fairD.neutralA.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everythingA.countsB.imploresC.diminishedD.waversA.In turnB.In retrospectC.In allD.In progressA.calculationB.accountC.implementationD.discountA.settledB.fixedC.controlledD.weightedA.onB.inC.forD.overA.atmosphereB.environmentC

28、.economyD.wellbeingA.neverB.alreadyC.everD.yetA.acceleratingB.decliningC.recoveringD.withdrawingA.classicB.histrionicC.cubicD.historicA.increaseB.expandC.thriveD.expendA.spaceB.countryC.globeD.continentA.madeB.engravedC.createdD.leftA.securityB.identityC.invectiveD.scourgeA.stipulateB.distributeC.re

29、futeD.dominateA.whereasB.untilC.whereD.unlessA.highestB.largestC.greatestD.richestA.recedesB.trailsC.languishesD.twists四、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：15.00)11.Directions : In this part, you are required to write an essay of no less than 200 words on Private Schools in China. The essay should be based on th

30、e outline below: 1. Their advantages; 2. Their disadvantages; 3. Your comments. （分数：15.00）_湖北大学考博英语-2 答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.All theories _ from practice and m turn serve practice.（分数：0.50）A.originate B.restrainC.modifyD.reflect解析：解析 (originate 发源，来自)。句意为：所有的理论来源

31、于实践，反过来为实践服务。Brestrain 抑制；Cmodify 修改，缓和；Dreflect 反射，反映。2.It is strictly _ that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.（分数：0.50）A.securedB.forbidden C.regulatedD.determined解析：(forbid 禁止)。句意为：严禁少数人接触机密文件。A. secure 保证，获得；C. regulate 管理，控制，调节；D. determine 决定，确定，限定。3.Jim cooperated o

32、n the condition that he would be _ from prosecution.（分数：0.50）A.immune B.insolatedC.isolatedD.avoidable解析：(immune 免除的)。句意为：只要免于起诉，吉姆愿意合作。Binsolated 被曝晒的；Cisolated被隔离的；Davoidable 可避免的。4.The newly designed zoom has overcome distortion previously _ in a zoom of this range.（分数：0.50）A.inherent B.geneticC.

33、coherentD.generic解析：(inherent 内在的，固有的)。句意为：新近设计的变焦摄影镜头克服了以往存在于这种视觉范围内的摄影镜头的失真现象。Bgenetic 遗传学的；Ccoherent 连贯的；D generic 一般的，普通的。5.Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any _ of what I said.（分数：0.50）A.notice B.remarkC.observationD.attention解析：(notice 注意，take notice of 注意)。句意为：尽管我跟他讲过多次，但他从不

34、注意我说过的话。Bremark 注意，如 a report worthy of special remark；Cobservation 观察，注视；Dattention注意，其搭配是 pay attention to。6.Although she was still ill, she _ herself from the hospital.（分数：0.50）A.extractedB.discharged C.injectedD.drained解析：(discharge 允许离开，释放)。句意为：尽管她尚未痊愈，但她还是出院了。Aextract 摘录，选录；Cinject 注射；Ddrain 排

35、水。7.We“re _ by mosquitoes up here in the north in summer. A. infested B. infected C, swarmed D. plagued （分数：0.50）A.B.C.D. 解析：(plague 折磨)。句意为：夏天，我们经常受到北方蚊子的折磨。Ainfest 害虫、盗贼大批出没于(某地)，侵扰；Binfect 传染；Cswarm 挤满。8.In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _.（分数：0.50）A

36、.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered 解析：(consider 考虑)。句意为：在这家工厂，建议往往要等好几个月才予以充分地考虑。Aadmit 承认；Backnowledge 承认；Cabsorb 吸收。9.The new secretary has written a remarkably _ report only in a few pages but with all the details included.（分数：0.50）A.concise B.clearC.preciseD.elaborate解析：(concise 简洁的，简

37、要的)。句意为：新来的秘书只用几页纸写了一份非常简明的报告，但把所有的细节都包括进去了。Bclear 清晰的；Cprecise 精确的；D elaborate 精心制作的。10.He couldn“t explain the problem well, as he had only a(n) _ knowledge of the subiect.（分数：0.50）A.elementaryB.rudimentary C.inceptiveD.initial解析：(rudimentary 基本的，初步的)。句意为，他无法清楚地解释这个问题，因为他对这门课只有初步的了解。Aelementary 初级

38、的；Cinceptive 开始的；Dinitial 最初的，开始的。二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：5，分数：38.00)All cultures have some system of measuring duration, or keeping time, but in Western industrialized societies, we keep track of time in what seems to other peoples almost an obsessive fashion. We view time as motion on a space, a

39、kind of linear progression measured by the clock and the calendar. This perception contributes to our sense of history and the keeping of records, which are typical aspects of Western cultures. Although our perceptions of time seem natural to us, we must not assume that other cultures operate on the

40、 same time system. For instance, why should we assume that a Hopi raised in the Hopi culture would have the same intuitions about time that we have? In Hopi history, if records had been written, we would find a different set of cultural and environmental influences working together. The Hopi people

41、are a peaceful agricultural society isolated by geographic feature and nomad enemies in a land of little rainfall. Their agriculture is successful only by the greatest perseverance. Extensive preparations are needed to ensure crop growth. Thus the Hopi value persistence and repetition in activity. T

42、hey have a sense of the cumulative value of numerous, small, repeated movements, for to them such movements are not wasted but are stored up to make changes in later events. The Hopi have no intuition of time as motion, as a smooth flowing line on which everything in the universe proceeds at an equa

43、l rate away from a past, through a present, into a foreseeable future. Long and careful study of the Hopi language has revealed that it contains no words, grammatical forms, constructions, or expressions that refer to what we call time-the past, present, or future-or to the duration or lasting aspec

44、t of time. To the Hopi, “time“ is a “getting later“ of everything that has been done, so that past and present merge together. The Hopi do not speak, as we do in English, of a “new day“ or “another day“ coming every twenty-four hours; among the Hopi, the return of the day is like the return of a per

45、son, a little older but with all the characteristics of yesterday. This Hopi conception, with its emphasis on the repetitive aspect of time rather than its onward flow, may be clearly seen in their ritual dances for rain and good crops, in which the basic step is a short, quick stamping of the foot

46、repeated thousands of times, hour after hour. Of course, the American conception of time is significantly different from that of the Hopi. Americans“ understanding of time is typical of Western cultures in general and industrialized societies in particular. Americans view time as a commodity, as a “

47、thing“ that can be saved, spent, or wasted. We budget our time as we budget our money. We even say, “Time is money“, We are concerned in America with being “on time“; We don“t like to “waste“ time by waiting for someone who is late or by repeating information; and we like to “spend“ time wisely by k

48、eeping busy. These statements all sound natural to a North American. In fact, we think, how could it be otherwise? It is difficult for us not to be irritated by the apparent carelessness about time in other cultures. For example, individuals in other countries frequently turn up an hour or more late

49、 for an appointment-although “being late“ is at least within our cultural framework. For instance, how can we begin to enter the cultural world of the Sioux, in which there is no word for “late“ or “waiting“. Of course, the fact is that we have not had to enter the Sioux culture; the Sioux have had to enter ours. It is only when we participate