【考研类试卷】湖北大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题2011年及答案解析.doc
《【考研类试卷】湖北大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题2011年及答案解析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《【考研类试卷】湖北大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题2011年及答案解析.doc(21页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、湖北大学博士研究生入学考试英语真题 2011年及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:180 分钟)一、Part Reading Compr(总题数:5,分数:40.00)Despite the general negative findings, it is important to remember that all children who live through a divorce do not behave in the same way. The specific behavior depends on the childs individual personality, ch
2、aracteristics, age at the time of divorce, and gender. In terms of personality, when compared to those rated as relaxed and easy-going, children described as temperamental and irritable have more difficulty coping with parental divorce, as indeed they have more difficulty adapting to life change in
3、general. Stress, such as that found in disrupted families, seems to impair the ability of temperamental children to adapt to their surroundings, the greater the amount of stress, the less well they adapt. In contrast, a moderate amount of stress may actually help an easy-going, relaxed child learn t
4、o cope with adversity. There is some relationship between age and childrens charateristic reaction to divorce. As the child grows older, the greater is the likelihood of a free expression of a variety of complex feelings, an understanding of those feelings, and a realization that the decision to div
5、orce cannot be distributed to any one simple cause. Self-blame virtually disappears after the age of 6, fear of abandonment diminishes after the age of 8. and the confusion and fear of the young child is replaced in the older child by shame, anger, and self-reflection. Gender of the child is also a
6、factor that predicts the nature of reaction to divorce. The impact of divorce is initially greater on boys than on girls. They are more aggressive, less compliant, have greater difficulties in interpersonal relationships, and exhibit problem behaviors both at home and at school. Furthermore, the adj
7、ustment problems of boys are still noticeable even two years after the divorce. Girls adjustment problems are usually internalized rather than acted out, and are often resolved by the second year after the divorce. However, new problems may surface for girls as they enter adolescence and adulthood.
8、How can the relatively greater impact of divorce on boys than on girls be explained? The greater male agression and noncompliance may reflect the fact that such behaviors are tolerated and even encouraged in males in our culture more than they are in females. Furthermore, boys may have a particular
9、need for a strong male model of self- control, as well as for a strong disciplinarian parent. Finally, boys are more likely to be exposed to their parents fights than girls are, and after the breakup, boys are less likely than girls to receive sympathy and support from mothers, teachers, or peers. (
10、分数:8.00)(1).It is hard for temperamental, irritable kids to adapt to parental divorce because _. (分数:2.00)A.they are too much disrupted by the life changeB.the family breakup makes them feel very sensitiveC.the great stress of their families diminishes their abilityD.they encounter more parents figh
11、ts than the easy-going children(2).The following statements are true EXCEPT _. (分数:2.00)A.a six-year-old boy may feel being deserted by his parentsB.divorce is usually caused by more than one reasonC.a young girl may feel more shameful on parental divorce than an older boyD.as the kids grow older, t
12、hey have a better understanding of divorce(3).Why does parental divorce have greater effects on boys than on girls according to the author? (分数:2.00)A.Because all cultures tolerate male agression and noncompliance.B.Because boys are basically more self-disciplined than girls.C.Because males are usua
13、lly viewed as the models in self-controlD.Because boys are always involved in their parents fights.(4).What does the passage mainly convey to the readers? (分数:2.00)A.Kids of different ages behave differntly facing parental divorce.B.The impact of divorce on kids varies in personality, age and gender
14、.C.Boys may become more aggressive than girls in disrupted families.D.Parental divorce has a negative effect on children all through their lives.Government is an institution resulting from mans group way of life which maintains a set of social controls in order to prevent chaos. In a small, homogene
15、ous, simple society, these social controls can be imposed and enforced by the family or clan. But in a large, heterogeneous complex society, the institution of government takes over this function. For purposes of analysis, social control may be divided into moral control and political control. Moral
16、 control derives from the internalized beliefs and values of a society and regulations, each individuals behavior without the use of outside enforcement. Political control does involve enforcement from the outside since the individual is not always certain that the rule he is following is just and r
17、ight. He follows it to conform, to avoid punishment, or to receive social rewards. Political control is an outgrowth of moral control, and its effectiveness depends on the willingness of the members of society to accept the governments authority as just and right. A government that is forced to coer
18、ce or threaten most of its members into accepting political control not backed with moral control will not survive long. In addition, a wide discrepancy between moral and political control will result in a condition of general lawlessness. Such a condition has occurred in the United States on severa
19、l occasions and is now evident among some groups of society according to “The Roots of Lawlessness“ by historian Henry Steele Commangaer. Government, a major social institution, may be viewed as a set of procedures by which a society realizes a good portion of its goals. Government is further unique
20、 as an institution because it serves to reinforce the function of other institutions. Thus, individuals violating the rules and regulation of the economic, educational, or family institutions must ultimately face the punitive power of government. (分数:8.00)(1).A condition characterized by the absence
21、 of social organization and social control, and by the belief that political authority is unnecessary is _. (分数:2.00)A.moral controlB.political powerC.anachyD.authority(2).The internalized form of social control is _. (分数:2.00)A.commitmentB.powerC.authorityD.government(3).Legitimate power rightfully
22、 excercised is called _. (分数:2.00)A.authorityB.charismaC.legitimacyD.morality(4).Which statement is NOT correct? (分数:2.00)A.Political control must occasionally be controlled by an outside force.B.Political control can exist without moral control in a society.C.Political control reinforce moral contr
23、olD.Political control emanates from within.In England along a stretch of the northeast coast which gently curves from Northumberland to the estuary of the river Tees, there was a spot, typical of many on that coast, where sea coal was collected richly and effortlessly. This coal was a coarse powder,
24、 clean and brilliant. It seemed to bear little resemblance to the large, filthy lumps put onto the fire. Although it was coal, it was perfectly clean and it was silently deposited at high tide in a glittering carpet a kilometer long for the local community to gather up. The gear needed for sea-coali
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
2000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 考研 试卷 湖北大学 博士研究生 入学考试 英语 2011 答案 解析 DOC