[外语类试卷]2005年湖北大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析.doc
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1、2005年湖北大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 0 Today, a high-level finance manager is just as likely to be a casual-looking 21-year-old as a balding executive. They have all either started their own companies or head a division within an existing firm. Most are under 30. Many of them share a ten
2、dency to think, speak and act fast. A detailed psychological study carried out recently on young business start-uppers aged over 25 revealed some common characteristics. The head psychologist at the University of Northumbria, Dr. Martyn Dyer-Smith, says “We found that they are opportunists. They hav
3、e that entrepreneurial ability to take whatever is in front of them and turn it to their advantage. Any fool can make US $ 2 if they are in the right place at the right time, what is much harder is to actually plan their business. Originally I had a hypothesis that they planned a long time ahead, bu
4、t I was wrong. What came across was a surprisingly short planning time. They took the opportunities as and when they came up.“ What cannot be underestimated, though, is self-confidence. “There is an amazing, almost abnormal, belief in themselves and (they) go very much on intuition.“ Says Dyer-Smith
5、. While there is no typical pattern to what puts someone in the fast lane, there are some common threads: living up to the expectations of parents, channeling excessive amounts of energy into business, or finding a way to overcome personal barriers such as dyslexia (a reading disability) or learning
6、 difficulties, for example. The biggest surprise was the lack of young women. This was particularly unexpected, given the recent publicity about how girls are performing better than boys at school and becoming more confident and ambitious. But young women are opting for more secure careers rather th
7、an gambling with their future. With only a handful of female role models, some girls are not even considering being their own boss, let alone working on a concept fresh out of school, according to Dr Susan Vinnicombe, director of the center for the Development of Women Business Leader. “Women are go
8、ing more into the corporate structure and doing well there. But perhaps the reason that they are not doing business for themselves at an earlier age is because womens attitudes are different. They perceive risk in a different way to men, who are not worried about borrowing huge amounts of money if i
9、ts going to help their business in the long term. Women are more cautious and more hesitant ,“ she says. Vinnicombe sees the lack of female entrepreneurs as part of a larger problem about women and the IT industry. Given that the computer world is one of the key areas for growth, where youth is an a
10、sset, it is “remarkable“ that so many women are missing out on it. “The number of women in IT has actually dropped in the past 10 years. There is a real problem with attracting them to the IT industry, as girls dont seem to want to do it at university. Its become such a worrying issue that I know th
11、e government is looking into ways to attract them.“ 1 What is the passage mainly about? ( A) Lack of young managers all over the world. ( B) Features of high-level finance managers. ( C) Origins of the decline in female-dominated industry. ( D) Aims of a young woman fresh out of school. 2 Which of t
12、he following does not account for the success of the young businessmen? ( A) They never hesitate to take full advantage of the approaching opportunities. ( B) They have a strong confidence in their own abilities. ( C) They often base their work on long-term planning. ( D) They deal well with their p
13、ersonal advantages. 3 What is suggested as a reason for the shortage of business women? ( A) Girls do not perform so well as boys at school. ( B) Most companies are reluctant to employ women. ( C) Banks often refuse to give women large loans. ( D) Women are very worried about the risk-taking in thei
14、r careers. 4 From the text we can learn that _. ( A) some managers are very young but already have their own business. ( B) some managers are as casual and irresponsible as energetic young people. ( C) the government is concerned about the lack of women in such a field as IT. ( D) IT remains a minor
15、 area for growth. 5 The passage shows that the author is _ the present situation. ( A) critical of ( B) amazed at ( C) disappointed at ( D) puzzled by 5 Once upon a time, innovation at Procter this hemisphere was best able to represent metaphorical aspects of speech. For example, in a test in which
16、split-brain patients had to match a series of household objects, the left brain would match by function while the right would match by appearance. So, when seeing a cake on a plate, the left brain would connect to a picture of a fork and spoon while the right brain would select a picture of a broad-
17、brimmed hat. 72. This evidence appeared to support the idea of a highly modular brain in which, for example, thinking in logical categories was a strictly left hemisphere function while mental imagery and spatial awareness were handled on the right. But this picture changed dramatically as soon as b
18、rain-scanning experiments began to show that both sides of the brain played an active role in such processes. 73. Rather it seemed to be the processing styles that distinguished the two halves-under the scanner, language turned out to be represented on both sides of the brain in matching areas of th
19、e cortex (皮质 ). Areas on the left dealt with the core aspects of speech such as grammar and word production while aspects such as intonation and emphasis lit up the right side. In the same way, the right brain proved to be good at working with a general sense of space, while equivalent areas in the
20、left-brain fired when someone thought about objects as particular locations. 五、 Chinese-English Translation 74 城市一直在破坏它们的周围环境 ,并常常为之付出代价。科学家发现,一座老城在泥土下掩埋了千百年就是因为砍树过多而被洪水淹没的。此外,城市会给市民带来许多问题。据估计,到 2050年时,城镇居民的数量将在人类历史上第一次超过农村人数。随后 30年内,城市居民人数将达到农村人口的两倍。人类的未来很大程度上将由城市的状况来决定,下几代人的生活质量和解决国家内部及国家之间冲突的机会将取
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- 外语类 试卷 2005 湖北大学 英语 答案 解析 DOC
