[考研类试卷]2013年天津外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2013 年天津外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 affluenza2 back translation3 brain drain4 buzzword5 communication studies6 cultural default7 Davos Forum8 dream team9 Eurozone10 IMF11 NEET12 netbook13 OPEC14 Reuters15 sit-in16 Skopos theory17 SOHO18 subtitling19 think tank20 Webzine汉译英21 钓鱼岛22 对外传播23 翻译专业资格(水平) 考试

2、24 峰会25 公示语26 宏观调控27 开放包容28 孔子课堂29 绿色增长30 民心工程31 十八大32 团购33 务实合作34 协同创新35 月光族36 战略性新兴产业37 政府采购38 政客39 中小企业40 中央文献英译汉41 Whatever their political party, American leaders have generally subscribed to one of two competing economic philosophies. One is a small-government Jeffersonian perspective that abh

3、ors bigness and holds that prosperity flows from competition among independent businessmen, farmers and other producers. The other is a Hamiltonian agenda that believes a large, powerful country needs large, powerful organizations. The most important of those organizations is the federal government,

4、 which serves as a crucial partner to private enterprise, building roads and schools, guaranteeing loans and financing scientific research in ways that individual businesses would not.Today, of course, Republicans are the Jeffersonians and Democrats are the Hamiltonians. But it hasnt always been so.

5、 The Jeffersonian line includes Andrew Jackson, the leaders of the Confederacy, William Jennings Bryan, Louis Brandeis, Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan. The Harailtonian line includes George Washington, Henry Clay, Abraham Lincoln, William McKinley, both Roosevelts and Dwight Eisenhower.Michael Li

6、nds Land of Promise uses this divide to offer an ambitious economic history of the United States. The book is rich with details, more than a few of them surprising, and its subject is central to what is arguably the single most important question facing the country today: How can our economy grow mo

7、re quickly, more sustainably and more equitably than it has been growing, both to maintain the United States position as the worlds pre-eminent power and to improve the lives of its citizens?Lind, a founder of the New America Foundation in Washington and the author of several political histories, ac

8、knowledges from the beginning that his thesis will make some readers uncomfortable. “ In the spirit of philosophical bipartisanship, it would be pleasant to conclude that each of these traditions of political economy has made its own valuable contribution to the success of the American economy and t

9、hat the vector created by these opposing forces has been more beneficial than the complete victory of either would have been,“ he writes.“ But that would not be true,“ he continues. “ What is good about the American economy is largely the result of the Hamiltonian developmental tradition, and what i

10、s bad about it is largely the result of the Jeffersonian producerist school.汉译英42 粮食安全始终是人类生存发展面临的首要问题，“人人粮食安全” 是基本人权。世界粮食安全面临越来越多的非传统挑战和日趋复杂的形势。世界粮食安全的薄弱环节在发展中国家。利用粮食等生产生物燃料对粮食安全的影响不容忽视，气候变化对粮食安全也带来长期挑战。中国高度重视农业和粮食问题，坚持立足国内实现粮食基本自给的方针，通过加大资金投人、加强农田水利建设、加快农业科技进步等政策和措施，稳定提高粮食和农业综合生产能力。中国用占不到世界 9的耕地，解

11、决了世界近 21人口的吃饭问题，提前实现了联合国千年发展目标(MDG)减贫目标。中国政府在解决自身粮食安全问题的同时，还在南南合作框架内向有关发展中国家提供了力所能及的农业援助，包括建设农业技术示范中心、提供农业技术援助、提供紧急人道主义粮食援助等，为这些发展中国家提高粮食安全水平做出了自己的贡献。2013 年天津外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 富贵病2 【正确答案】 回译3 【正确答案】 人才流失4 【正确答案】 流行词；潮词5 【正确答案】 传播学6 【正确答案】 文化缺失7 【正确答案】 达沃斯论坛8 【正确答案】 梦之队；最佳阵容9 【正确答案】 欧元区

12、10 【正确答案】 国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund)11 【正确答案】 啃老族(not in education，employment or training)12 【正确答案】 上网本13 【正确答案】 欧佩克(石油输出国组织)(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)14 【正确答案】 路透社(英国)15 【正确答案】 静坐抗议；静坐罢工16 【正确答案】 目的论17 【正确答案】 小型家居办公室(Small Office Home Office)18 【正确答案】 字幕19 【正确答案】 智囊团

13、20 【正确答案】 网络杂志汉译英21 【正确答案】 Diaoyu Island22 【正确答案】 international communication23 【正确答案】 CATTI(China Aptitude Test for Translators and Interpreters)24 【正确答案】 summit25 【正确答案】 public signs26 【正确答案】 macro control27 【正确答案】 open and inclusive28 【正确答案】 Confucius Classroom29 【正确答案】 Green Growth30 【正确答案】 mora

14、le project31 【正确答案】 the 18th CPC National Congress32 【正确答案】 group purchase33 【正确答案】 pragmatic cooperation34 【正确答案】 collaborative innovation35 【正确答案】 live from paycheck to paycheck36 【正确答案】 strategic emerging industries37 【正确答案】 government procurement38 【正确答案】 politician39 【正确答案】 small and medium-siz

15、ed enterprises40 【正确答案】 the Central Literature英译汉41 【正确答案】 美国领导人无论属于何种政治党派，一般只会追随两种相互对立的经济学派。一种是主张小政府的杰弗逊流派，该派痛恨大规模，认为繁荣来自独立的商人、农民与其他生产者之间的竞争。另一种是汉密尔顿流派，该派坚信一个强大的国家需要强大的组织机构。机构中最为重要的是联邦政府，是私营企业至关重要的合作伙伴，修建公路与学校、提供贷款，资助科研，所采取的方式个体企业难以企及。当然，到了今天，共和党人就是杰弗逊派，民主党人则是汉密尔顿派。但也并非总是如此。属于杰弗逊流派的就有安德鲁.杰克逊、南部邦联各领

16、导、威廉.詹宁斯.布赖恩、路易斯.布兰代斯、巴里.戈德华特与里根。属于汉密尔顿流派的也有乔治.华盛顿、亨利.克莱、亚伯拉罕.林肯、威廉.麦金利，老、小罗斯福(西奥多.罗斯福、富兰克林.罗斯福)与德怀特.艾森豪威尔。迈克尔.林德的希望的乐土以此为分界线，写出了一部宏阔的美国经济史。该书史料丰富，其中不少令人感到惊喜，其主题则对美国今日面对的唯一至关重要的问题影响重大：我们的经济怎样才能更快、更持续、更公平地发展，从而保持美国作为世界强国的地位并改善本国国民的生活?林德是华盛顿新美基金会的创始人，著有多部政治史书籍，在本书一开始他便坦承，自己的论点会让一些读者不太舒服。“本着哲学辩证的精神，这些政

17、治经济学流派对美国经济所取得的成就都做出了有价值的贡献，相互对立的作用力所产生的动力比任何一方的完胜更为有利，做出如此结论自然皆大欢喜。”他在书中写道。“但其实不是这样， ”他接着写道。 “美国经济的优点，主要缘于汉密尔顿一派的发展观,而其缺点则大多源自杰弗逊一派的生产观。”汉译英42 【正确答案】 As a kind of basic human right, food security is an issue of paramount importance for mankinds survival and development. Food security in the world i

18、s increasingly affected by non-traditional challenges and the situation is ever more complex. Developing countries are the weak link for ensuring world food security. The impact of food-based biofuel production on food security is not to be overlooked, and climate change is also posing a long-term c

19、hallenge to food security.China takes agriculture and food security very seriously. We have followed the policy of basically relying on domestic supply to realize self-sufficiency. We have steadily raised grain and agricultural productivity with the implementation of such policies and measures as st

20、epping up financial investment, strengthening irrigation and water conservancy projects and accelerating the development of agricultural science and technology. China has managed to feed nearly 21% of the worlds population with less than 9% of the worlds farmland and achieved the MDG on poverty alle

21、viation ahead of schedule.While addressing our own food security challenges, the Chinese government has also provided agricultural assistance to the best of its ability to the relevant developing countries within the framework of South-South cooperation, including building agricultural technology demonstration centers and providing agricultural technical assistance and emergency humanitarian food assistance, thus making its own contribution to the improvement of food security in these developing countries.