ASTM F2375-2009(2017) Standard Practice for Design Manufacture Installation and Testing of Climbing Nets and Netting Mesh used in Amusement Rides Devices Play Areas and Attractions.pdf

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1、Designation: F2375 09 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Practice forDesign, Manufacture, Installation and Testing of ClimbingNets and Netting/Mesh used in Amusement Rides, Devices,Play Areas and Attractions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2375; the number immediately following the desig

2、nation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice establishes perfo

3、rmance specifications andperformance standards for the design, manufacturing, andmaintenance of netting and or mesh used in play areas andsystems designed for interactive play activities within amuse-ment attractions.1.2 The range of users encompassed by this safety perfor-mance specification is 32

4、in. (0.81 m) (2 years old, 5thpercentile) through 50 in. (1.27 m) (8 years old, 50thpercentile), 50 in. (1.27 m) (8 years old, 50th percentile)through 64 in. (1.62 m) (12 years old 95th percentile), 32 in.(0.81 m) (2 years old, 5th percentile) through 64 in. (1.62 m)(12 years old, 95th percentile),

5、and 64 in. (1.62 m) (12-yearold, 95th percentile) through adult.1.3 The ages listed in this standard are intended to be usedas a guide for determining activities and use. The heightrequirements are the governing factor.1.4 Home playground equipment, matrix nets, nets usedas/or in fencing, sports equ

6、ipment, fitness equipment, play-ground equipment covered by Consumer Safety PerformanceSpecification F1487 and soft contained play equipment (SCPE)covered by Safety Performance Specification F1918 in areasnot covered by F24 standards are not included in this standard.1.5 This practice includes an ap

7、pendix (non-mandatory),which provides additional information (for example, rationale,background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and soforth.) to improve the users understanding and application ofthe criteria presented in this practice. The appendix informa-tion shall not be interpreted as ma

8、ndatory design criteria.1.6 This standard is intended for new climb areas and majormodifications.1.7 Existing climb areas may qualify as compliant for fiveyears following the date of this publication of this practice aslong as any significant design related failures or significantdesign related safe

9、ty issues have been mitigated. Thereafter,climb areas must qualify as “Service Proven” per PracticeF2291 or meet the requirements of this practice.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are

10、 provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica

11、-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by t

12、he World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F747 Terminology Relating to Amusement Rides and De-vicesF770 Practice for Ownership, Operation, Maintenance, andInspection of Amusement Rides and DevicesF853 Practice for Maintenance Pr

13、ocedures for AmusementRides and Devices (Withdrawn 2014)3F893 Guide for Auditing Amusement Rides and Devices(Withdrawn 2013)3F1159 Practice for Design ofAmusement Rides and Devicesthat are Outside the Purview of Other F24 Design Stan-dardsF1193 Practice for Quality, Manufacture, and Construction1Thi

14、s practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F24 on AmusementRides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.24 onDesign and Manufacture.Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2

15、375 09. DOI: 10.1520/F2375-09R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version o

16、f this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established i

17、n the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1of Amusement Rides and DevicesF1292 Specification for Impact Attenuation of SurfacingMaterials Within the Use Zon

18、e of Playground EquipmentF1305 Guide for Classification of Amusement Ride andDevice Related Injuries and Illnesses (Withdrawn 2011)3F1487 Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Play-ground Equipment for Public UseF1918 Safety Performance Specification for Soft ContainedPlay EquipmentF2291 Pra

19、ctice for Design ofAmusement Rides and Devices2.2 Other Standards:ASSE/ANSI A10.11 Safety Requirements for Personnel andDebris Nets4CDC Growth Charts CDC Basic Body Measurements5CI 1500 Test Methods for Fiber Rope6NFPA 701 Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Propa-gation of Textiles and Films73

20、. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 safety net, nnet that is intended to arrest a fallingperson.4. Material and Manufacture4.1 The manufacturer shall maintain a quality assuranceprogram in conformance with Practice F1193.4.2 Hardware and StructuresAll metals, hardwa

21、re andsupports shall meet the requirements per Section 4 of Con-sumer Safety Performance Specification F1487.4.3 Climb Nets:4.3.1 Rope climb nets shall be manufactured from rope witha minimum diameter or width of 0.50 in. (13 mm) and breakingstrength of 3000 lb (1361 kg), per CI 1500-01, sections 11

22、.1through 11.5.4.3.2 Web climb nets shall be manufactured from webbingwith a minimum width of 1.0 in. (25 mm) and breakingstrength of 3000 lb (1361 kg).4.3.3 All nodes shall be fixed and incapable of sliding alongrope, web, or netting material.4.3.4 The nodes shall be either be soft and flexible, or

23、 shallnot extend more than 0.25 in. (6 mm) above the top net ropesurface. Nodes shall meet the testing requirements in 7.6.4.4 Barrier Nets:4.4.1 The interior hole size of Class 1 barrier net or Class 2barrier rated barrier net must be larger than 1.25 in. (32 mm),or meet the requirements of the pro

24、totype test proceduredescribed in 7.4 for maximum hole size of no-hold netting andmust meet the test requirements of 7.1, and the strengthrequirements of either the Class 1 barrier net requirementsdescribed in 7.2, or the Class 2 barrier net requirementsdescribed in 7.3, as determined by use.4.4.2 N

25、o-hold netting is allowed providing it meets therequirements in 7.5, and is not necessary for use as a handhold.Small mesh shall meet the Class 1 barrier net requirementsdescribed in 7.2 or the Class 2 barrier net requirementsdescribed in 7.3.4.4.3 Two categories of barriers and standardized testing

26、and rating of barriers is provided and are dependent ondesigned loads as specified by the design engineer of record forselection and use.4.4.4 Barrier nets/mesh are vertical nets intended to preventboth inadvertent and deliberate attempts to pass through thedevice, or to contain persons within an ar

27、ea.4.4.5 Class 1 Barrier Nets/Mesh:4.4.5.1 Class 1 barrier nets/mesh are enclosures around anelevated surface that helps passively contain the users(s) withinthe bounded area, such as in soft contained play equipment,inflatable, or railings. Typically these are smaller paneled areas.4.4.5.2 Class 1

28、barrier nets/mesh are allowed in morepassive use areas, such as Soft Play units, additional securityon railings, queue lines, etc.4.4.6 Class 2 Barrier Nets/Mesh:4.4.6.1 Class 2 barrier nets/mesh shall be used in interactiveclimbs where the barrier is a component of use. Examples aremazes, bridges,

29、ramps etc. such as found in typical amusementpark climbs, water parks, and zoo net areas.4.4.6.2 Typically these are larger netted enclosures aroundelevated surfaces such as a cabled bridge, ramp etc.4.4.7 In areas such as bridges where no-hold netting isdesired, a higher rating may be accomplished

30、by installing theno-hold netting inside the Class 2 rated barrier.4.5 Fire RetardantBarrier and debris netting used inindoor applications shall be fire retardant, and shall meet NFPA701 method 2 (large scale test) for outdoor use unless adifferent standard is required by local, state, or federal law

31、.4.6 No-Hold NettingOpenings in the mesh of no-holdnetting shall be designed to prevent entrapment of fingers ortoes, or snaring of buttons normally used in childrens clothing.Mesh openings shall meet the testing requirements in 7.4.4.7 Debris NetDebris netting shall be capable of catchingitems that

32、, if dropped, may cause a hazard to users below, asdetermined by the owner/operator, and must meet the require-ments in 7.2 or 7.3 as determined by the designer/engineer ofrecord, and based on use.4.8 Safety Nets:4.8.1 Any net that is hung horizontally and is intended to, ormay be required to, arres

33、t a fall shall meet the requirements ofASSE/ANSI A10.11 and the test procedure described in 7.5.4.8.2 The net mesh for safety nets shall be attached to aborder rope with a minimum breaking strength of 5000 lb(2268 kg). The attached mesh shall be individually attached tothe border rope in a manner th

34、at will prevent it from sliding ormoving on the border rope. The fastening method shall meet orexceed the strength of the material the mesh is made of.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from Center

35、s for Disease Control Section 2, allsub-sections; Section 3, sub-sections 3.1.5, 3.1.10, 3.1.13,3.1.14, 3.1.16, 3.1.20, 3.1.22, 3.1.24, 3.1.25, 3.1.28; Section 5,sub-sections 5.1 through 5.1.1.2, 5.1.2 through 5.1.4, 5.2through 5.2.1.1, 5.4 through 5.5.2; Section 6, sub-sections 6.1through 6.1.2, 6.

36、2.1, 6.6.1 through 6.6.2.1, 6.6.2.3 through6.6.2.5, 6.6.3, 6.6.3.2 through 6.7; Section 8, all sub-sections;Section 13, sub-sections 13.2.11, 13.3, 13.3.2, 13.3.4 through13.3.8, 13.3.10, 13.3.11, 13.3.16, 13.3.17; Section 14, all subsections; Section 15, all sub-sections; and Section 16, allsub-sect

37、ions.5.4 Netted areas shall meet requirements per PracticeF2291-05 specific to the ride or device which may include butnot be limited to: hydraulics, pneumatics, electrical.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Foot, Arm, Head, and Neck EntrapmentNetted areasshall be designed and constructed or assembled s

38、o that anyaccessible net opening shall meet the performance require-ments per Consumer Safety Performance Specification F1487and test requirements in 7.1, 7.4,or7.7 of this standard, basedon intended age range.7. Test Procedures7.1 Climb Net or Barrier Net:7.1.1 In Place Test ProcedurePlace the foot

39、 probe (Fig.A1.1) in the opening, tapered-end first, with the plane of itsbase parallel to the plane of the opening; rotate the probe to itsmost adverse orientation (that is, the major axis of the base ofthe probe parallel to the major axis of the opening); apply aforce of 50 lb (23 kg.) to the prob

40、e to attempt to pass it throughthe opening.Aclimb or barrier net passes the test if the openingdoes not allow the foot probe (Fig. A1.1) to be inserted sodeeply that the opening admits the base of the probe when it isrotated to any orientation about its own axis. A climb or barriernet fails the test

41、 if the opening allows full passage of the footprobe (Fig. A1.1).7.1.2 Climb nets and barrier nets shall meet this standardduring commission and throughout its life cycle.7.1.2.1 Testing is assumed to be conducted without guestson the nets. Testing can be conducted with or without theweight of the p

42、erson conducting the test, depending on accessto the testing locations.7.1.3 Backer nets shall not be used as part of the climbingsurface to bring the climbing net into compliance with testrequirements described in 7.1.1.7.2 Prototype Test for a Class 1 Barrier and No-holdNetting:7.2.1 Class 1 barri

43、er net or no-hold net shall be prototypetested. The test shall consist of two drops of a test as describedin 7.2.2 7.2.4. After the drops are completed, and the weightis removed there shall be no broken strands fraying of themesh, knots, nodes, or damaged bars. The net manufacturershall provide cert

44、ification of this test and material complianceper 5.2.7.2.2 AClass 1 barrier net or no-hold net shall be secured ina non-movable manner in a rigid frame 4 by 4 ft (1.22 by 1.22m). The test frame shall providea4by4-ft (1.22 by 1.22-m)inside opening appropriate for hanging net. The net shall notcontac

45、t any surface during the test.7.2.3 When hung in accordance with 7.2.2, the net shall notsag more than 3 in. at its center before the first drop. The netedge shall be level. It is understood and acceptable for sag tobe present after the first or second drop.7.2.4 A 50-lb (23 kg) bag of sand, 24 6 2

46、in. (0.61 m 6 51mm) in diameter and no more than 12 in. (0.30 m) high, shallbe dropped into the net from a height of 8 ft (2.44 m) above thenet surface at center point of the net.7.3 Prototype Test Procedure for a Class 2 Barrier Net:7.3.1 Class 2 barrier net shall be prototype tested. The testshall

47、 consist of two drops of a test as described in 7.3.2 7.3.4.After the drops are completed, and the weight is removed thereshall be no broken strands fraying of the mesh, knots, nodes, ordamaged bars. The net manufacturer shall provide certificationof this test and material compliance per 5.2.7.3.2 A

48、Class 2 barrier net shall be secured by each mesh, ina non-movable manner in a rigid frame 4 by 4 ft (1.22 by 1.22m). The test frame shall providea4by4-ft (1.22 by 1.22-m)inside opening appropriate for hanging the net. The net shallnot contact any surface during the test.7.3.3 When hung in accordanc

49、e with 7.3.2, the net shall notsag more than 3 in. at its center before the first drop. The netedge shall be level. It is understood and acceptable for sag tobe present after the first or second drop.7.3.4 A 250-lb (113 kg) bag of sand, 24 6 2 in. (0.61 m 651 mm) in diameter and no more than 24 in. (0.61 m) high,shall be dropped into the net from a height of 8 ft (2.44 m)above the net surface at center point of the net.7.4 Prototype Test Procedure for Maximum Hole Size ofNo-Hold Netting:7.4.1 The hole entry resistance of the no-hold netting shallbe such that it will prev