ASTM F2375-2009 Standard Practice for Design Manufacture Installation and Testing of Climbing Nets and Netting Mesh used in Amusement Rides Devices Play Areas and Attractions《用于机动游.pdf

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1、Designation: F 2375 09Standard Practice forDesign, Manufacture, Installation and Testing of ClimbingNets and Netting/Mesh used in Amusement Rides, Devices,Play Areas and Attractions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2375; the number immediately following the designation indicates

2、 the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice establishes performance specifica

3、tions andperformance standards for the design, manufacturing, andmaintenance of netting and or mesh used in play areas andsystems designed for interactive play activities within amuse-ment attractions.1.2 The range of users encompassed by this safety perfor-mance specification is 32 in. (0.81 m) (2

4、years old, 5thpercentile) through 50 in. (1.27 m) (8 years old, 50th percen-tile), 50 in. (1.27 m) (8 years old, 50th percentile) through 64in. (1.62 m) (12 years old 95th percentile), 32 in. (0.81 m) (2years old, 5th percentile) through 64 in. (1.62 m) (12 years old,95th percentile), and 64 in. (1.

5、62 m) (12-year old, 95thpercentile) through adult.1.3 The ages listed in this standard are intended to be usedas a guide for determining activities and use. The heightrequirements are the governing factor.1.4 Home playground equipment, matrix nets, nets usedas/or in fencing, sports equipment, fitnes

6、s equipment, play-ground equipment covered by Consumer Safety PerformanceSpecification F 1487 and soft contained play equipment(SCPE) covered by Safety Performance Specification F 1918in areas not covered by F24 standards are not included in thisstandard.1.5 This practice includes an appendix (non-m

7、andatory),which provides additional information (for example, rationale,background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and soforth.) to improve the users understanding and application ofthe criteria presented in this practice. The appendix informa-tion shall not be interpreted as mandatory desig

8、n criteria.1.6 This standard is intended for new climb areas and majormodifications.1.7 Existing climb areas may qualify as compliant for fiveyears following the date of this publication of this practice aslong as any significant design related failures or significantdesign related safety issues hav

9、e been mitigated. Thereafter,climb areas must qualify as “Service Proven” per PracticeF 2291 or meet the requirements of this practice.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided fo

10、r information onlyand are not considered standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of r

11、egulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 747 Terminology Relating to Amusement Rides and De-vicesF 770 Practice for Ownership and Operation of AmusementRides and DevicesF 853 Practice for Maintenance Procedures for AmusementRides and DevicesF 893 Guide for Insp

12、ection of Amusement Rides and De-vicesF 1159 Practice for Design and Manufacture of PatronDirected, Artificial Climbing Walls, Dry Slide, Coin Oper-ated and Purposeful Water Immersion Amusement Ridesand Devices and Air-Supported StructuresF 1193 Practice for Quality, Manufacture, and Constructionof

13、Amusement Rides and DevicesF 1292 Specification for Impact Attenuation of SurfacingMaterials Within the Use Zone of Playground EquipmentF 1305 Guide for Classification of Amusement Ride andDevice Related Injuries and IllnessesF 1487 Consumer Safety Performance Specification forPlayground Equipment f

14、or Public Use1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F24 onAmusementRides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.24 onDesign and Manufacture.Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published April 2009.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website

15、, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

16、F 1918 Safety Performance Specification for Soft Con-tained Play EquipmentF 2291 Practice for Design of Amusement Rides and De-vices2.2 Other Standards:ASSE/ANSIA10.11 Safety Requirements for Personnel andDebris Nets3CDC Growth Charts CDC Basic Body Measurements4CI 1500 Test Methods for Fiber Rope5N

17、FPA 701 Standard Methods of Fire Tests for FlamePropagation of Textiles and Films63. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 safety net, nnet that is intended to arrest a fallingperson.4. Material and Manufacture4.1 The manufacturer shall maintain a quality assuranceprogr

18、am in conformance with Practice F 1193.4.2 Hardware and StructuresAll metals, hardware andsupports shall meet the requirements per Section 4 of Con-sumer Safety Performance Specification F 1487.4.3 Climb Nets:4.3.1 Rope climb nets shall be manufactured from rope witha minimum diameter or width of 0.

19、50 in. (13 mm) and breakingstrength of 3000 lb (1361 kg), per CI 1500-01, sections 11.1through 11.5.4.3.2 Web climb nets shall be manufactured from webbingwith a minimum width of 1.0 in. (25 mm) and breakingstrength of 3000 lb (1361 kg).4.3.3 All nodes shall be fixed and incapable of sliding alongro

20、pe, web, or netting material.4.3.4 The nodes shall be either be soft and flexible, or shallnot extend more than 0.25 in. (6 mm) above the top net ropesurface. Nodes shall meet the testing requirements in 7.6.4.4 Barrier Nets:4.4.1 The interior hole size of Class 1 barrier net or Class 2barrier rated

21、 barrier net must be larger than 1.25 in. (32 mm),or meet the requirements of the prototype test proceduredescribed in 7.4 for maximum hole size of no-hold netting andmust meet the test requirements of 7.1, and the strengthrequirements of either the Class 1 barrier net requirementsdescribed in 7.2,

22、or the Class 2 barrier net requirementsdescribed in 7.3, as determined by use.4.4.2 No-hold netting is allowed providing it meets therequirements in 7.5, and is not necessary for use as a handhold.Small mesh shall meet the Class 1 barrier net requirementsdescribed in 7.2 or the Class 2 barrier net r

23、equirementsdescribed in 7.3.4.4.3 Two categories of barriers and standardized testingand rating of barriers is provided and are dependent ondesigned loads as specified by the design engineer of record forselection and use.4.4.4 Barrier nets/mesh are vertical nets intended to preventboth inadvertent

24、and deliberate attempts to pass through thedevice, or to contain persons within an area.4.4.5 Class 1 Barrier Nets/Mesh:4.4.5.1 Class 1 barrier nets/mesh are enclosures around anelevated surface that helps passively contain the users(s) withinthe bounded area, such as in soft contained play equipmen

25、t,inflatable, or railings. Typically these are smaller paneled areas.4.4.5.2 Class 1 barrier nets/mesh are allowed in morepassive use areas, such as Soft Play units, additional securityon railings, queue lines, etc.4.4.6 Class 2 Barrier Nets/Mesh:4.4.6.1 Class 2 barrier nets/mesh shall be used in in

26、teractiveclimbs where the barrier is a component of use. Examples aremazes, bridges, ramps etc. such as found in typical amusementpark climbs, water parks, and zoo net areas.4.4.6.2 Typically these are larger netted enclosures aroundelevated surfaces such as a cabled bridge, ramp etc.4.4.7 In areas

27、such as bridges where no-hold netting isdesired, a higher rating may be accomplished by installing theno-hold netting inside the Class 2 rated barrier.4.5 Fire RetardantBarrier and debris netting used inindoor applications shall be fire retardant, and shall meetNFPA 701 method 2 (large scale test) f

28、or outdoor use unless adifferent standard is required by local, state, or federal law.4.6 No-Hold NettingOpenings in the mesh of no-holdnetting shall be designed to prevent entrapment of fingers ortoes, or snaring of buttons normally used in childrens clothing.Mesh openings shall meet the testing re

29、quirements in 7.4.4.7 Debris NetDebris netting shall be capable of catchingitems that, if dropped, may cause a hazard to users below, asdetermined by the owner/operator, and must meet the require-ments in 7.2 or 7.3 as determined by the designer/engineer ofrecord, and based on use.4.8 Safety Nets:4.

30、8.1 Any net that is hung horizontally and is intended to, ormay be required to, arrest a fall shall meet the requirements ofASSE/ANSI A10.11 and the test procedure described in 7.5.4.8.2 The net mesh for safety nets shall be attached to aborder rope with a minimum breaking strength of 5000 lb(2268 k

31、g). The attached mesh shall be individually attached tothe border rope in a manner that will prevent it from sliding ormoving on the border rope. The fastening method shall meet orexceed the strength of the material the mesh is made of.5. General Design and Manufacture Requirements5.1 Netting repres

32、ented as complying with this performancestandard shall meet all applicable requirements specifiedherein. Anyone representing compliance with this specificationshall keep such essential records as are necessary to documentany claim that the requirements within this specification havebeen met.5.2 Nett

33、ing manufacturers shall include a certificate ofcompliance that the nets material meets the requirements ofthis standard. The certificate shall include: (1) Name of3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4Availabl

34、e from Centers for Disease Control Section 2, allsub-sections; Section 3, sub-sections 3.1.5, 3.1.10, 3.1.13,3.1.14, 3.1.16, 3.1.20, 3.1.22, 3.1.24, 3.1.25, 3.1.28; Section 5,sub-sections 5.1 through 5.1.1.2, 5.1.2 through 5.1.4, 5.2through 5.2.1.1, 5.4 through 5.5.2; Section 6, sub-sections 6.1thro

35、ugh 6.1.2, 6.2.1, 6.6.1 through 6.6.2.1, 6.6.2.3 through6.6.2.5, 6.6.3, 6.6.3.2 through 6.7; Section 8, all sub-sections;Section 13, sub-sections 13.2.11, 13.3, 13.3.2, 13.3.4 through13.3.8, 13.3.10, 13.3.11, 13.3.16, 13.3.17; Section 14, all subsections; Section 15, all sub-sections; and Section 16

36、, allsub-sections.5.4 Netted areas shall meet requirements per PracticeF 2291-05 specific to the ride or device which may include butnot be limited to: hydraulics, pneumatics, electrical.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Foot, Arm, Head, and Neck EntrapmentNetted areasshall be designed and constructed

37、or assembled so that anyaccessible net opening shall meet the performance require-ments per Consumer Safety Performance Specification F 1487and test requirements in 7.1, 7.4,or7.7 of this standard, basedon intended age range.7. Test Procedures7.1 Climb Net or Barrier Net:7.1.1 In Place Test Procedur

38、ePlace the foot probe (Fig.A1.1) in the opening, tapered-end first, with the plane of itsbase parallel to the plane of the opening; rotate the probe to itsmost adverse orientation (that is, the major axis of the base ofthe probe parallel to the major axis of the opening); apply aforce of 50 lb (23 k

39、g.) to the probe to attempt to pass it throughthe opening.Aclimb or barrier net passes the test if the openingdoes not allow the foot probe (Fig. A1.1) to be inserted sodeeply that the opening admits the base of the probe when it isrotated to any orientation about its own axis. A climb or barriernet

40、 fails the test if the opening allows full passage of the footprobe (Fig. A1.1).7.1.2 Climb nets and barrier nets shall meet this standardduring commission and throughout its life cycle.7.1.2.1 Testing is assumed to be conducted without guestson the nets. Testing can be conducted with or without the

41、weight of the person conducting the test, depending on accessto the testing locations.7.1.3 Backer nets shall not be used as part of the climbingsurface to bring the climbing net into compliance with testrequirements described in 7.1.1.7.2 Prototype Test for a Class 1 Barrier and No-holdNetting:7.2.

42、1 Class 1 barrier net or no-hold net shall be prototypetested. The test shall consist of two drops of a test as describedin 7.2.2-7.2.4. After the drops are completed, and the weight isremoved there shall be no broken strands fraying of the mesh,knots, nodes, or damaged bars. The net manufacturer sh

43、allprovide certification of this test and material compliance per5.2.7.2.2 AClass 1 barrier net or no-hold net shall be secured ina non-movable manner in a rigid frame 4 by 4 ft (1.22 by 1.22m). The test frame shall providea4by4-ft (1.22 by 1.22-m)inside opening appropriate for hanging net. The net

44、shall notcontact any surface during the test.7.2.3 When hung in accordance with 7.2.2, the net shall notsag more than 3 in. at its center before the first drop. The netedge shall be level. It is understood and acceptable for sag tobe present after the first or second drop.7.2.4 A 50-lb (23 kg) bag o

45、f sand, 24 6 2 in. (0.61 m 6 51mm) in diameter and no more than 12 in. (0.30 m) high, shallbe dropped into the net from a height of 8 ft (2.44 m) above thenet surface at center point of the net.7.3 Prototype Test Procedure for a Class 2 Barrier Net:7.3.1 Class 2 barrier net shall be prototype tested

46、. The testshall consist of two drops of a test as described in 7.3.2-7.3.4.After the drops are completed, and the weight is removed thereshall be no broken strands fraying of the mesh, knots, nodes, ordamaged bars. The net manufacturer shall provide certificationof this test and material compliance

47、per 5.2.7.3.2 AClass 2 barrier net shall be secured by each mesh, ina non-movable manner in a rigid frame 4 by 4 ft (1.22 by 1.22m). The test frame shall providea4by4-ft (1.22 by 1.22-m)inside opening appropriate for hanging the net. The net shallnot contact any surface during the test.7.3.3 When hu

48、ng in accordance with 7.3.2, the net shall notsag more than 3 in. at its center before the first drop. The netedge shall be level. It is understood and acceptable for sag tobe present after the first or second drop.7.3.4 A 250-lb (113 kg) bag of sand, 24 6 2 in. (0.61 m 651 mm) in diameter and no mo

49、re than 24 in. (0.61 m) high,shall be dropped into the net from a height of 8 ft (2.44 m)above the net surface at center point of the net.7.4 Prototype Test Procedure for Maximum Hole Size ofNo-Hold Netting:7.4.1 The hole entry resistance of the no-hold netting shallbe such that it will prevent the user(s) fingers or toes frombecoming inadvertently caught or entangled in the net. A meshopening shall not admit a 0.37-in. (9.5-mm) diameter rod withfull-radius tip, when tested in accordance with 7.4.2 and 7.4.3.The manufacturer shall provide certification of this test andmateria