ANSI ASSE Z117.1-2009 Safety Requirements for Confined Spaces《有限空间的安全性要求》.pdf

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1、ANSI/ASSE Z117.1-2009ANSI/ASSE Z117.1-2009ASSEANSI/ASSE Z117.1-2009Safety Requirements for Confined SpacesAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDCopyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=

2、ZhaoNot for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-The information and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretaria

3、t of the ANSI accredited Z117 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the correctness or completeness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the Z117 Committee does not ensure that adherence to

4、 these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property. Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=ZhaoNot for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:

5、01 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ANSI ANSI Z117.1 2009 American National Standard Safety Requirements for Confined Spaces Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 Approved July 27, 2009 Effecti

6、ve November 2, 2009 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=ZhaoNot for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDTNo reproduction or networ

7、king permitted without license from IHS-,-,-An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an Americ

8、an National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether they have approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users ar

9、e cautioned to obtain the latest editions. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no persons shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American Nati

10、onal Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no

11、later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published August 2009 by: American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des P

12、laines, Illinois 60018-2187 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2009 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printe

13、d in the United States of America American National Standard Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=ZhaoNot for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDTNo reproduction or networkin

14、g permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard Z117.1 2009.) This standard was developed by an American National Standards Committee, national in scope, functioning under the procedures of the American National Standards Institute with th

15、e American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as Secretariat. This standard provides minimum safety requirements to be followed while entering, exiting and working in confined spaces at normal atmospheric pressure. It is intended that the procedures and performance requirements detailed herein will

16、be adopted by every employer whose operations fall within the scope and purpose of the standard. Neither the standards committee, nor the secretariat, feel that this standard is perfect or in its ultimate form. It is recognized that new developments are to be expected, and that revisions of the stan

17、dard will be necessary as the art progresses and further experience is gained. It is felt, however, that uniform requirements are very much needed and that the standard in its present form provides for the minimum performance requirements necessary in developing and implementing a comprehensive conf

18、ined space program for the protection of personnel. In 1993 OSHA estimated that 238,000 establishments had permit required confined spaces. These establishments employed approximately 1.6 million workers, including contractors, who entered 4.8 million permit-required confined spaces annually. OSHA f

19、urther estimated that 63 fatalities and 13,000 lost workdays and non-lost workday cases involving confined spaces entry occurred annually. OSHA and NIOSH data during the period 1980-1993 indicates atmospheric conditions were the leading cause of death associated with confined space entry. The data i

20、ndicates that oxygen deficiency, hydrogen sulfide, methane, and inert gases ranked as the leading specific atmospheric hazardous conditions. Engulfment was found to be second in terms of occurrence. Mechanical asphyxiation from loose materials such as grain, agricultural products, sand, cement, and

21、gravel was dominant. Evidence suggests that the cause of death associated with confined space entry has not changed appreciably during recent years. During revision of the 2003 version of the standard, the Z117 ASC reviewed current data and information addressing confined space incidents. A review o

22、f 200 confined space fatality cases from the Federal OSHA database occurring between 1993 and 2004 confirms that the distribution of causes has not changed to any significant degree. Approximately 65% of incidents with fatalities involved atmospheric contamination. Engulfment accounted for less than

23、 10% of the identified causes. It should be understood that the fatality cases in this sampling do not represent all U.S. confined space incidents resulting in fatalities. The mining, agriculture, and maritime sectors as well as various states with their own primary jurisdiction for safety and healt

24、h enforcement are likely to be the source of many more cases not discussed within the Foreword of the Z117.1 Standard. Upon review of this data, much remains to be done, particularly in regards to verification of atmospheres for entrants prior to and during confined space activity. The Z117 Committe

25、e acknowledges the critical role of design in influencing the safe entry of confined spaces. The failure to incorporate safety during the design process and overlooked design deficiencies can often increase the risk for entrants: examples are (1) means of entry (portals, hatchways, etc.) which are t

26、oo small, improperly located, or that complicate/inhibit escape; (2) spaces which are convoluted, unnecessarily obstructed, or hazardously configured; (3) internal clearances which are too tight for safe passage; (4) space penetration distances which are excessive without alternative means of access

27、 or escape; (5) absence of appropriate devices to isolate all energy sources from the space; (6) no provision for vessel mechanisms/devices to prevent loose materials from bridging, compacting, etc. (7) lack of features that would enhance space ventilation effectiveness; (8) structural weaknesses in

28、 walls, floors, ceilings, or pipes containing gases, liquids, or steam, or which increase hazard risk to entrants while Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=ZhaoNot for

29、Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-working or coming in contact with stated structures in confined spaces; (9) absence of anchor points for retrieval devices. The standard does not attempt to address these issues. It is believed they a

30、re best dealt with by the purchaser, employer, or owner during a projects design, acquisition, or construction. However, it is recommended that designers, manufacturers, and users make confined space design issues a priority when new or modified machinery, equipment, processes or facilities are cont

31、emplated. For existing confined spaces, which have recognized design deficiencies, it should be the responsibility of those authorizing entry to either: modify or correct the deficiencies when possible, or employ alternate means to accomplish the work without exposing personnel, or develop and imple

32、ment specific safe entry procedures for each confined space, or dismantle, open, remove, etc. the equipment/process rather than enter if the risk is deemed unacceptable. The Z117 Committee solicits public input that may suggest revisions to the Standard. Such input should be sent to the Secretariat,

33、 American Society of Safety Engineers, 1800 East Oakton Street, Des Plaines, IL 60018-2187. This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by American National Standards Committee on Confined Spaces Z117. Committee approval of the standard does not necessarily imply that all committe

34、e members voted for its approval. At the time it approved that standard, the Z117 Committee had the following members: Edward V. Grund, CSP, P.E., Chair Terry Krug, CIH, CSP, Vice-Chair Timothy R. Fisher, CSP, CHMM, ARM, CPEA, Secretary Jennie Dalesandro, Administrative Technical Support Organizatio

35、n Represented Name of Representative Alcoa, Inc. Paul T. Woerz Aluminum Association Mark Eliopulos American Association of Occupational Health Carol A. Santee, RN, COHN-S, CCM Nurses, Inc. Dean Burgess American Industrial Hygiene Association Terry Krug, CIH, CSP Neil McManus, MS, CIH, ROH, CSP Ameri

36、can Petroleum Institute Scott Wozniak, P.E. Kendall C. Crawford, P.E., CSP American Society of Safety Engineers Edward V. Grund, CSP, P.E. Linda MoquetAmerican Welding Society Gus Manz Stephen Hedrick Bayer MaterialScience LLC Terry Ketchum Beacon Safety Consulting, LLC Ronald Miller, CSP Beer Insti

37、tute, The Lester Jones Bret M. Clausen Bret M. Clausen, CIH, CSP, CHMM, CHCM, ARMCopyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=ZhaoNot for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDTNo repro

38、duction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Edison Electric Institute Janet Fox Charles J. Kelly Ellis Fall Safety Solutions, LLC Dr. J. Nigel Ellis, P.E., CSP, CPE John Whitty, P.E. FIRECON R. Craig Schroll, CSP Hartford Steam Boiler Timothy C. Healey Jerome Kucharski International

39、 Safety Equipment Association Janice C. Bradley, CSP Cristine Z. Fargo LJB, Inc. Craig J. Galecka, P.E., CSP Thomas Kramer, P.E., CSP MRE Consulting Michael R. Roop McCulley, Eastham microorganisms such as some fungi, mold, yeasts and algae; plants and plant products, and animals and animal products

40、, which cause occupational disease. Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=ZhaoNot for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen

41、se from IHS-,-,-AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z117.1 2009 11 2.3 Blinding/Blanking. Inserting a solid barrier across the open end of a pipe, or in between two flanges, leading into or out of the confined space, and securing the barrier in such a way to prevent leakage of material into the confined spac

42、e. E2.3 A blank is designed as a flat plate between two flanges typically inside the flange bolt pattern (ASME B31.3 Paragraph 304.5.3). The blank must be sized for full design pressure (maximum non-shock pressure rating) of the line. A blind is designed as a bolted flat plate, which can be used to

43、terminate a pipe line (ASME B31.3 paragraph 304.5.2b). When a blind is required, use the geometry specified in ANSI/ASME B16.5. 2.4 Confined Space. Enclosed area large enough and configured to allow a person to bodily enter and has the following characteristics: Its primary function is other than hu

44、man occupancy. Has restricted entry and exit. (Restricted entry and exit is a physical configuration, which requires the use of the hands for support or contortion of the body to enter into or exit from a confined space.) E2.4 Examples of confined spaces include but are not limited to tanks, silos,

45、vessels, pits, sewers, pipelines, boilers, septic tanks, utility vaults, tank cars and other mobile containers. Temporary structures may meet the criteria of this definition. Tanks and other structures being constructed may or may not be considered confined spaces until completely closed. 2.5 Double

46、 Block and Bleed. A method used to isolate a confined space from a line, duct or pipe by physically closing two main valves on a piping system, and opening a “vented-to-atmosphere“ valve between them. E2.5 Bleed means that pressure will vent and not build against the secondary valve while material c

47、oming out the bleeder will indicate leakage past the primary block valve and the need for remedial action. 2.6 Emergency. Any occurrence inside or outside of the confined space that could endanger the entry team. 2.7 Engulfment. The surrounding and effective capture of a person by a liquid or flowab

48、le solid substance. 2.8 Entrant. A person who enters a confined space to perform an assigned task. 2.9 Entry. Ingress by persons into a confined space, which occurs upon breaking the plane of the confined space portal with Copyright American Society of Safety Engineers Provided by IHS under license with ASSE/SAFE Licensee=CHINA STDS INFORMATION CENTER - avada indx app by/5954931001, User=ZhaoNot for Resale, 05/02/2012 00:57:01 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z11