NAVY MIL-STD-8591 NOTICE 1-2012 AIRBORNE STORES SUSPENSION EQUIPMENT AND AIRCRAFT-STORE INTERFACE (CARRIAGE PHASE).pdf

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1、 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DESIGN CRITERIA STANDARD AIRBORNE STORES, SUSPENSION EQUIPMENT AND AIRCRAFT-STORE INTERFACE (CARRIAGE PHASE) AMSC N/A FSG 15GP INCH-POUNDMIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 16 November 2012 SUPERSEDING MIL-STD-8591 12 December 2005 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networkin

2、g permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 iiFOREWORD 1. This standard is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense (DoD). 2. Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to: Commander, Naval Air Warfare Center Air

3、craft Division, Code 4L8000B120-3, Highway 547, Lakehurst, NJ 08733-5100 or emailed to michael.sikoranavy.mil. Since contact information can change, you may want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST Online database at https:/assist.dla.mil. Provided by IHSNot for Resal

4、eNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 iiiSUMMARY OF CHANGE 1 MODIFICATIONS 1. Added stores weighing less than 100 pounds in 1.2.1. 2. Deleted the following sentence in 1.2.1: “For the detailed requirements not stated in this document, the procu

5、ring activity should specify such.” 3. Deleted the following phrase in 1.3: “Unless specified by the procuring activity.” 4. Deleted cancelled AIR-STDs from 2.2.1 and deleted applicable references within Standard. 5. Added SAE documents AS5725 and AS5726 in 2.3, and referenced within (3.14 and 3.16,

6、 respectively). 6. Added 3.12 JUAS Categories, 3.14 Micro Munition, 3.15 Miniature Mission Store, 3.16 Miniature Store Carriage System, 3.17 Misfire, 3.25 Unmanned Aircraft, 3.26 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, and 3.27 Unmanned Aircraft System to DEFINITIONS. 7. Deleted the following sentence in 4.3: “Add

7、itionally, in cases of suspension and release equipment with nuclear store capability, verification shall, as a minimum, be approved by the Director of Special Weapons to ensure nuclear safety certification.” 8. Deleted the following sentence in 4.6: “Data schedules shall be as proposed by the contr

8、actor and accepted by the procuring activity.” 9. Added 5.1.4 Initial Free Flight detailed requirements. 10. Changed hang fire to misfire in 5.3.1 and 5.3.2. 11. Added 12-lb and 35-lb weight classes to ejected stores (see table I on page 16). Stores in these weight categories are permitted to use si

9、ngle-hook carriage, two-hook carriage, or frangible means. 12. Deleted cancelled AIR-STDS from 5.7.1.4, Figures 9 and 10, and 6.4. 13. Added swaybrace areas for single-lug/attachment carriage in 5.8.1. 14. Added cradling and handling areas for single-lug/attachment carriage in 5.8.3. Provided by IHS

10、Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 iv15. Added reinforced swaybrace pad areas and span for 12-lb or 35-lb weight class stores in 5.8.4.1. 16. Added location of store case components, single-lug stores for carriage on single-lug

11、racks (see figure 14). 17. Excepted ejector foot area from 15,000 psi min for gravity release stores in 5.9.1. 18. Added minimum swaybrace pad areas to accommodate 100-lb and smaller stores shall be specified by procuring activity in 5.9.2. 19. Added UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) and UAS (unmanned a

12、ircraft system) to key word list in 6.3. PARAGRAPH MODIFICATION 1.2 and 1.2.1 Changed 1.3 Changed 2.2.1 Changed 2.3 Added 3.12, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17 Added 3.25, 3.26, 3.27 Added 4.3 Changed 4.6 Changed 5.1.4 Added 5.3.1, 5.3.2 Changed 5.7.1.4 Changed 5.8.1 Changed 5.8.3 Changed 5.8.4.1 Changed Fig

13、ure 14 Added 5.9.1 Changed 5.9.2 Changed 6.3 through 6.5 Changed Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 vCONTENTS PARAGRAPH PAGE FOREWORD ii 1. SCOPE . 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Extent 1 1.2.1 Unique stores 1 1.3 Conforming r

14、equirements . 1 2.0 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 1 2.1 General . 1 2.2 Government documents 1 2.2.1 Specifications, standards and handbooks 1 2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications . 3 2.3 Non-government publications . 3 2.4 Order of precedence 3 3. DEFINITIONS AND SYMBOLS 4 3.1 Aircra

15、ft . 4 3.2 Air-launched missile . 4 3.3 Bomb rack . 4 3.4 Carriage . 4 3.5 Ejection . 4 3.6 Ejection launcher 4 3.7 Employment 4 3.8 Hook/lug reference line 4 3.9 Interface 4 3.10 Interoperability 5 3.11 Jettison . 5 3.11.1 Emergency jettison . 5 3.11.2 Selective jettison . 5 3.12 JUAS Categories .

16、5 3.13 Margin of safety 5 3.14 Micro Munition . 5 3.15 Miniature Mission Store . 5 3.16 Miniature Store Carriage System 5 3.17 Misfire . 5 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 viCONTENTS (Continued) PARAGRAPH PAGE 3

17、.18 Missile launcher 5 3.19 Pylon 5 3.20 Rail launcher . 6 3.21 Separation . 6 3.22 Store 6 3.22.1 Ejected stores 6 3.22.2 Expendable store . 6 3.22.3 Non-expendable store . 6 3.22.4 Rail launched stores 6 3.23 Store suspension and release equipment . 6 3.24 Swaybrace . 6 3.25 Unmanned Aircraft (UA)

18、 7 3.26 Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) 7 3.27 Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) . 7 3.28 Weight class 7 3.29 Symbols . 7 4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 12 4.1 Terms and nomenclatures . 12 4.2 Recycled, recovered, or environmentally preferable materials 12 4.3 Design verification 12 4.4 Ground tests 12 4.5 Flig

19、ht tests . 12 4.6 Design data . 12 5.0 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS . 13 5.1 Design strength . 13 5.1.1 Limit loads 13 5.1.2 Yield loads 13 5.1.3 Ultimate loads . 13 5.1.4 Initial Free Flight 13 5.2 Deformation 13 5.3 Design loads 14 5.3.1 Misfire condition, Army and Navy requirement 14 5.3.2 Misfire condi

20、tion, Air Force . 15 5.4 Store classification 15 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 viiCONTENTS (Continued) PARAGRAPH PAGE 5.4.1 Ejected stores 15 5.4.2 Rail-launched stores 15 5.4.3 Torpedoes 15 5.4.4 Towed targe

21、ts 18 5.4.5 Center of gravity . 18 5.5 Thermal criteria . 18 5.5.1 Internal . 18 5.5.2 External . 18 5.6 Service life 18 5.6.1 Repeated loads sources . 18 5.7 Suspension design criteria 19 5.7.1 Suspension lugs . 19 5.7.1.1 Lug strength 19 5.7.1.2 Lug number and location 19 5.7.1.3 Lug well details

22、. 19 5.7.1.4 Design acceptance . 20 5.7.2 Rail-launched hangers . 20 5.8 Store-to-aircraft interface areas 20 5.8.1 Swaybrace areas 20 5.8.2 Ejector areas 20 5.8.3 Cradling and handling area . 20 5.8.4 Reinforced area strength . 20 5.8.4.1 Swaybrace pad areas and span 21 5.8.4.2 Cradling and handlin

23、g area strength . 21 5.8.5 Electrical connector locations . 21 5.9 Store/suspension equipment interface design . 35 5.9.1 Ejector foot areas 35 5.9.2 Swaybrace pad areas . 35 5.10 Carriage design limit load . 35 5.10.1 Procedure descriptions 36 5.10.1.1 Appendix A - carriage design limit loads - gen

24、eral use 36 5.10.1.2 Appendix B - carriage design limit loads - stores carried on a specific aircraft . 36 5.10.1.3 Appendix C - carriage design limit loads - stores carried on helicopter aircraft 36 5.10.2 Installation preloads 36 5.10.3 Dynamic magnification . 36 5.10.3.1 Dynamic magnification fac

25、tors . 36 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 viiiCONTENTS (Continued) PARAGRAPH PAGE 5.10.3.2 Time rates 37 5.10.3.3 Adjacent store loads due to release, ejection, or launch . 37 5.10.4 Vibratory loads . 38 5.10.5

26、 Fatigue strength . 38 5.10.6 Liquid-slosh loads . 38 5.10.7 Shock loads . 38 5.10.7.1 Employment loads 38 5.10.7.2 Shipping loads . 38 5.10.7.3 Cradling and handling loads . 38 5.11 Flutter and divergence 38 6 NOTES . 39 6.1 Intended use 39 6.2 Acquisition requirements 39 6.3 Subject term (key word

27、) listing 39 6.4 International standardization agreement implementation . 39 6.5 Change notations . 40 APPENDIX A. CARRIAGE DESIGN LIMIT LOADS, GENERAL CASE 41 A.1 SCOPE . 41 A.1.1 Scope 41 A.2 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS . 41 A.2.1 Aerodynamic loads . 41 A.2.1.1 Aerodynamic distribution . 41 A.2.2 Inerti

28、a loads . 41 A.2.2.1 Limit inertia flight load factors . 41 A.2.2.2 Limit inertia catapult and arrested landing load factors . 41 A.2.2.3 Limit inertia adjacent store-release load factors . 42 A.2.3 General loads 42 A.2.4 Forces of interaction . 42 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or net

29、working permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 ixCONTENTS (Continued) PARAGRAPH PAGE B. CARRIAGE DESIGN LIMIT LOADS, STORES CARRIED ON SPECIFIC AIRCRAFT, A GROUP OR CLASS OF AIRCRAFT . 48 B.1 SCOPE . 48 B.1.1 Scope . 48 B.2 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS . 48 B.2.1 General loads 48 B.

30、2.2 Aerodynamic loads . 48 B.2.2.1 Method of Appendix A . 48 B.2.2.2 Method using aircraft angles for low- and high-speed carriage . 48 B.2.2.3 Method using aircraft angles low-speed carriage only 52 B.2.2.4 Method using flowfield data . 52 B.2.2.5 Analytical method . 52 B.2.3 Inertia loads . 55 B.2

31、.3.1 Load factor calculations 55 B.2.3.2 Total inertia loads at store cg 58 B.2.3.3 Limit inertia-release load factors adjacent store . 58 B.2.3.4 Catapult and arrested landing load factors 58 B.2.3.5 Low-speed fixed wing aircraft 61 B.2.4 Forces of interaction . 62 C. CARRIAGE DESIGN LIMIT LOADS -

32、STORES CARRIED ON HELICOPTERS . 63 C.1 SCOPE . 63 C.1.1 Scope . 63 C.2 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS . 63 C.2.1 Design requirements . 63 C.2.2 Aerodynamic loads . 63 C.2.2.1 Measured force and moment data . 63 C.2.2.2 Analytical force and moment data from simulation . 63 C.2.2.3 Analytical force and moment

33、data from flowfield modeling 63 C.2.2.4 Calculated forces and moments 63 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 xCONTENTS (Continued) PARAGRAPH PAGE C.2.3 Flight load factors . 64 C.2.3.1 Known helicopter performance

34、parameters 64 C.2.3.2 Unknown helicopter performance parameters 64 C.2.4 Landing load factors . 64 C.2.5 Crash conditions . 64 C.2.6 Helicopter parameters . 65 C.2.7 Dynamic loading . 65 C.2.8 Dynamic requirements 65 C.2.8.1 Rotor induced harmonic excitation . 65 C.2.8.2 Frequency placement 66 C.2.8

35、.3 Store response . 66 C.2.9 Flutter and divergence 66 C.2.10 Mechanical instability . 66 C.2.11 Forces of interaction . 66 CONCLUDING MATERIAL 67 FIGURES 1. Coordinate system, sign convention, and a typical load factor envelope . 11 2. Lugs for stores in 100-lb weight class 22 3. 14-inch spaced lug

36、s for stores in 1,000-lb weight class . 23 4. 30-inch spaced lugs for stores up to 2,000-lb weight class 24 5. Location of store case components, 14-inch lug stores, for carriage on 14-inch lug racks 25 6. Location of store case components, 14-inch lug stores, for carriage on 14- or 30-inch lug rack

37、s 26 7. Location of store case components, 30-inch lug stores, for carriage on 30-inch lug racks . 27 8. Swaybrace and ejector areas for heavy stores (ref table I) . 28 9. Threaded lug well for 1,000-lb class stores 29 10. Threaded lug well for 2,000-lb class stores 30 11. Example of internal T-shap

38、ed hanger . 31 12. Example of external U-shaped shoe . 32 13. Location of connector on rail-launched store . 33 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 xiCONTENTS (Continued) FIGURES (Continued) PAGE 14. Location of st

39、ore case components, single-lug stores, for carriage on single-lug racks . 34 15. Time-load factor curve 37 A-1 Store angles of attack and sideslip at specific load envelope points for wing or sponson-mounted stores 43 A-2 Store angles of attack and sideslip at specific load envelope points for fuse

40、lage-mounted stores . 44 A-3 Design flight inertia limit load factors for wing or sponson-mounted stores. Data applies at the store center of gravity (cg). 45 A-4 Design takeoff and landing inertia limit load factors for wing or sponson-mounted stores. Data applies at the store center of gravity (cg

41、) . 46 A-5 Design inertia limit load factors for fuselage-mounted stores. Data applies at the store center of gravity (cg) 47 B-1 Aircraft angles of attack and sideslip at specific load envelope points for wing or sponson-mounted stores 50 B-2 Aircraft angles of attack and sideslip at specific load

42、envelope points for fuselage- mounted stores 51 B-3 Store angles of attack and sideslip at specific load envelope points for wing or sponson-mounted stores (low-speed aircraft) . 53 B-4 Store angles of attack and sideslip at specific load envelope points for fuselage-mounted stores (low-speed aircra

43、ft) . 54 B-5 Catapult and arrested landing inertia limit load factors for wing or sponson-mounted stores 59 B-6 Catapult and arrested landing inertia limit load factors for fuselage-mounted stores . 60 B-7 Design inertia limit load factors for wing or sponson-mounted stores (low-speed aircraft) . 61

44、 B-8 Design inertia limit load factors for fuselage-mounted stores (low-speed aircraft) . 62 TABLES I Ejected store weight classes and lug configurations . 16 II Rail-launched store weight classes . 16 III Typical rail-launched store hanger configurations . 17 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reprodu

45、ction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 xiiCONTENTS (Continued) TABLES (Continued) PAGE B-I Representative values for parameters of figures B-1 and B-2 49 B-II Aircraft flight conditions for design of stores on high performance aircraft (limit loads) . 56 C

46、-I U.S. Navy helicopter store ultimate crash load factors (at store cg) 64 C-II Helicopter parameters . 65 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-8591 w/CHANGE 1 1 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. This standard sets forth general structural and m

47、echanical design criteria for airborne stores, suspension equipment and their associated interfaces. Provisions are included to promote interoperability among military aircraft of all Services of the Department of Defense and NATO members aircraft. Requirements are provided for design, analysis, and

48、 testing of airborne stores, suspension equipment and the aircraft-store interface during captive operations. 1.2 Extent. This standard contains general criteria for the design, analysis, and testing of airborne stores, suspension equipment and other details of the interface between the store and the aircraft suspension equipment. This standard does not include the MIL-STD-1760 implementation requirem