EN 12975-1-2006 en Thermal solar systems and components - Solar collectors - Part 1 General requirements (Incorporates Amendment A1 2010)《太阳热能系统和部件 集热器 第1部分 一般要求》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN12975-1:2006Incorporating Corrigendum May 2006 Thermal solar systems and components Solar collectors Part 1: General requirementsICS 27.160nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnu

2、llnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull+A1:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010. It supersedes BS EN 12975-1:2006 which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduc

3、ed or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/25, Solar heating.

4、BSI committee RHE/25, Solar heating, would like to draw users attention to the fact that for solar collectors using absorbers that contain silicone rubber to enclose the fluid, the absorber should be tested in accordance with the requirements for organic materials.A list of organizations represented

5、 on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS EN 12975-1:200

6、6+A1:2010This British Standard waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Policy andStrategy Committeeon 28 April 2006 BSI 2010Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments May 2006 Correction to national foreword31 December 2010 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2010ISBN 978 0

7、580 70583 0EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010 October 2010 ICS 27.160 Supersedes EN 12975-1:2006English Version Thermal solar systems and components - Solar collectors - Part 1: General requirements Installations solaires thermiques et leurs composants - Capteu

8、rs solaires - Partie 1 : Exigences gnrales Thermische Solaranlagen und ihre Bauteile - Kollektoren - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 February 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 7 September 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the C

9、EN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or

10、 to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official ver

11、sions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, S

12、lovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CE

13、N national Members. Ref. No. EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010: EEN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Symbols and units .5 5 Durability and reliability 5 5.1 Materials and design .5 5.2 Required tests 6 5.3 Pass

14、criteria 6 5.3.1 General 6 5.3.2 Internal pressure for absorber .7 5.3.3 High temperature resistance 7 5.3.4 Exposure .7 5.3.5 External thermal shock .7 5.3.6 Internal thermal shock 7 5.3.7 Rain penetration.7 5.3.8 Mechanical load test 7 5.3.9 Thermal performance 8 5.3.10 Freeze resistance test .8 5

15、.4 Procedure .8 6 Safety 8 7 Collector identification 8 7.1 Drawings and data sheet 8 7.2 Labelling .9 7.3 Installer instruction manual 9 Annex A (informative) Description of solar collectors materials and manufacture . 10 A.1 General . 10 A.2 Absorbers 10 A.3 Transparent covers. 11 A.4 Insulation m

16、aterials 11 A.5 Reflectors 11 A.6 Diffusion barriers 11 Annex B (informative) Environmental protection 12 B.1 Heat transfer fluid . 12 B.2 Insulation materials 12 B.3 Recycling of the collector materials . 12 Annex C (informative) Tests to be repeated in collector design modifications . 13 Bibliogra

17、phy . 14 BS EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 312 “Thermal solar systems and components”, the secretariat of which is held by ELOT. This European Standard shall be given the status of

18、a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pa

19、tent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes !EN 12975-1:2006“. This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 2010-09-07. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in t

20、he text by tags !“. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hunga

21、ry, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on th

22、e quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this standard, it is pointed out that: a) This standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) It should be noted that, whi

23、le awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. BS EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements on durability (includin

24、g mechanical strength), reliability and safety for liquid heating solar collectors. It also includes provisions for evaluation of conformity to these requirements. It is not applicable to those collectors in which the thermal storage unit is an integral part of the collector to such an extent, that

25、the collection process cannot be separated from the storage process for the purpose of making measurements of these two processes. !It is basically applicable to concentrating collectors; thermal performance testing as given in EN 12975-2:2006, 6.3. (quasi dynamic testing) is also applicable to most

26、 concentrating collector designs, from stationary non-imaging concentrators as CPCs to high concentrating tracking designs.“ Collectors that are custom-built (built in, roof integrated collectors that do not comprise factory made modules and are assembled directly on the place of installation) canno

27、t be tested in their actual form for durability, reliability and thermal performance according to this standard. Instead, a module with the same structure as the ready collector is tested. The module gross area in the case of custom built collectors should be at least 2 m2. The test is valid only fo

28、r larger collectors, than the tested module. For collectors the national and European Guidelines for Structural Planning and overhead glazing are not valid. Therefore this standard should be applied for the design of the static of the collector. 2 Normative references The following referenced docume

29、nts are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12975-2:2006, Thermal solar systems and components Solar collectors

30、Part 2: Test methods EN ISO 9488, Solar energy Vocabulary (ISO 9488:1999) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 9488 apply. 4 Symbols and units For the purposes of this European Standard, the symbols and units given in EN ISO 94

31、88 and EN 12975-2:2006 apply. 5 Durability and reliability 5.1 Materials and design Information about the materials and manufacture of solar collectors, including the materials they are manufactured of and their resistance to all influences which they might meet in service, retaining their operation

32、al ability are given in Annex A. BS EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010 (E) 6 5.2 Required tests The collector shall be subjected to the following series of tests: a) Internal pressure for absorber (see 5.2 of EN 12975-2:2006); b) High temperature resistance (see 5.3 of EN 12975-2:2006);

33、c) Exposure (see 5.4 of EN 12975-2:2006); d) External thermal shock. May be combined with the high temperature resistance or exposure test (see 5.5 of EN 12975-2:2006); e) Internal thermal shock. May be combined with the high temperature resistance or exposure test (see 5.6 of EN 12975-2:2006); f) R

34、ain penetration, only for glazed collectors (see 5.7 of EN 12975-2:2006); g) Mechanical load (see 5.9 of EN 12975-2:2006); h) Thermal performance (see Clause 6 of EN 12975-2:2006); i) Freeze resistance, only in the cases specified in 5.8 of EN 12975-2:2006; j) Stagnation temperature (see Annex C of

35、EN 12975-2:2006). May be combined with the high temperature resistance or exposure test. k) Final inspection (see 5.11 of EN 12975-2:2006). The optional test for impact resistance (see 5.10 of EN 12975-2:2006) shall be carried out if requested. The result shall be recorded. NOTE Regarding the durabi

36、lity and reliability of elastic materials it is recommended to refer to ISO 9808 and ISO 9553. 5.3 Pass criteria 5.3.1 General The pass criteria for the reliability tests are given for each test in 5.3.2 to 5.3.10. The term “no major failure“, denotes that none of the following occurs: - Absorber le

37、akage or such deformation that permanent contact between absorber and cover is established; - Breaking or permanent deformation of cover or cover fixing; - Breaking or permanent deformation of collector fixing points or collector box; - Vacuum loss, such that vacuum or subatmospheric collectors shal

38、l be classified according to the definition in EN ISO 9488 (only applicable for vacuum and subatmospheric collectors); - Accumulation of humidity in form of condensate on the inside of the transparent cover of the collector exceeding 10 % of the aperture area. BS EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010EN 12975-1:20

39、06+A1:2010 (E) 7 NOTE The evaluation of accumulation of humidity for application of the pass criteria should be applied only on the following tests : - external Thermal Shock - Rain Penetration Test 5.3.2 Internal pressure for absorber The test pressure shall be as specified in 5.2 of EN 12975-2:200

40、6. In the case of absorbers made of organic materials, climate conditions according to Table 2 of EN 12975-2:2006 shall be applied. After the internal pressure test, the collector shall not show any major failure as defined in 5.3.1. 5.3.3 High temperature resistance When tested in accordance with 5

41、.3 of EN 12975-2:2006, the collector shall not show any major failure as defined in 5.3.1. 5.3.4 Exposure When tested in accordance with 5.4 of EN 12975-2:2006, the collector shall not show any major failure according to 5.3.1 and none of each potential problems of their components shall be graded 2

42、 on the scale given in B.5.5 of EN 12975-2:2006. 5.3.5 External thermal shock When tested in accordance with 5.5 of EN 12975-2:2006, the collector shall not show any major failure as defined in 5.3.1. 5.3.6 Internal thermal shock When tested in accordance with 5.6 of EN 12975-2:2006, the collector s

43、hall not show any major failure as defined in 5.3.1. 5.3.7 Rain penetration NOTE This test is applicable only for glazed collectors. A visual check shall not show any water trace. Moreover, at least one of the following shall be fulfilled: a) by weighing the collector the determined water quantity s

44、hall be less than 30 g/m or b) by measuring the humidity inside the collector, any visible droplets inside the collector or humidity that exceeds 20 g/kg at any time during the test or humidity that doubles from the value measured after stabilisation shall yields to “major failure” or c) measured co

45、ndensation level shall be less than 10 % of the transparent cover and the quantity of the water that comes out of the collector when tipping it shall be less than 30 g/m. 5.3.8 Mechanical load test When tested in accordance with 5.9 of EN 12975-2:2006 the cover, the collector box and the fixings bet

46、ween collector box and mounting system shall not show any major failure as defined in 5.3.1 and 5.9.1.3 of EN 12975-2:2006. The permissible and the maximum positive and negative pressure shall be recorded in the installer manual. NOTE Individual countrys safety requirements may prevail. BS EN 12975-

47、1:2006+A1:2010EN 12975-1:2006+A1:2010 (E) 8 5.3.9 Thermal performance When tested in accordance with Clause 6 of EN 12975-2:2006, the collector shall not show any major failure as defined in 5.3.1. Thermal performance shall be reported. 5.3.10 Freeze resistance test This test shall be carried out on

48、ly in the cases specified in 5.8.1 of EN 12975-2:2006. The pass criterion is no major failure as defined in 5.3.1 after three freeze-thaw cycles. 5.4 Procedure The required number of collectors shall be available for testing. The collectors shall be tested in accordance with 5.2. The collectors conf

49、orm to this standard, only if all pass criteria are fulfilled. Freeze resistance shall be tested, for collectors which the manufacturer claims can withstand freezing and freeze/thaw cycling and which are not intended to be filled with antifreeze fluids. 6 Safety The maximum fluid temperature to be considered in the design of a solar collector or solar plant is the collector stagnation temperature. Materials to be used in the manufacture of collectors or installations incorporating the collector (expansion tanks, safety valves, etc.) shall be chosen taking into account