ASTM D5066-1991(2011)e1 Standard Test Method for Determination of the Transfer Efficiency Under Production Conditions for Spray Application of Automotive PaintsWeight Basis《测定汽车涂料喷.pdf

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1、Designation: D5066 91 (Reapproved 2011)1Standard Test Method forDetermination of the Transfer Efficiency Under ProductionConditions for Spray Application of Automotive PaintsWeight Basis1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5066; the number immediately following the designation indic

2、ates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial corrections were made in Equations 1 and

3、 3 in September 2013.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for determination ofthe transfer efficiency (using a weight method) under produc-tion conditions for in-plant spray application of automotivepaints as outlined in Section 18 of EPA 450/3-88-018.1.2 The transfer efficiency is calcula

4、ted from the weight ofthe paint solids sprayed and that deposited on the painted part.The recommended approach involves painting the part directly.Also described is an alternative approach for painting partscovered with aluminum foil.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandar

5、d. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bi

6、lity of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazardstatements are given in 10.1.8.1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,and Related ProductsD2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings2.2 USEPA/MVMA (Motor Vehicle Manufactu

7、rers Associa-tion) Standards:EPA 450/3-88-018 U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyProtocol for Determining the Daily Volatile OrganicCompound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light DutyTruck Topcoat Operations3EPA Federal Reference Method 24 Determination of Vola-tile Matter Content, Water Content, D

8、ensity, VolumeSolids, and Weight Solids, of Surface Coatings43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 paint, nthe liquid material that is applied onto thepart to cover or coat the surfaces.3.1.2 transfer effciency, nthe ratio of the weight of paintsolids deposited to th

9、e total weight of paint solids used duringthe application process, expressed as a percent.3.1.3 paint weight solids content, nthe weight of thenonvolatile materials in the liquid paint material divided by thetotal weight of the paint, times 100, determined by Test MethodD2369.3.1.4 paint density, nt

10、he mass of a unit volume of theliquid paint material at any given temperature, determined byTest Method D1475.3.1.5 satellite paint supply system, na smaller, paint-circulating system separate from the main production paint-circulating supply system capable of supplying paint under thesame condition

11、s.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The weight of the part to be painted is determined beforeand after the paint application process. The weight of liquidpaint used per part is determined from material usage and partprocessing records. The determined weight solids content of1This test method is under the

12、 jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originallyapproved in 1990. Last previous

13、 edition approved in 2005 as D5066 91 (2005).DOI: 10.1520/D5066-91R11E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe A

14、STM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov. Refer to EPA 450/3-88-018 dated December 1988. Thisprotocol makes reference to the determination of production spray transfe

15、r effi-ciency.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov. Refer to CFR 40, Part 60, Appendix A.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,

16、PA 19428-2959. United States1the paint material is determined and used to calculate the paintsolids sprayed per part. The transfer efficiency of the process iscalculated by dividing the weight of paint solids deposited bythe weight of the paint solids sprayed.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test met

17、hod is specifically directed at the spraypainting of automobile car and light duty truck bodies. Thegeneral principles are applicable to the painting of otherautomotive parts.5.2 This test method may also be used to measure transferefficiency in full-sized painting facilities simulating productionco

18、nditions and operations.6. Interferences6.1 Limitations include the ability of the weighing device todetermine accurately the weight of the paint solids depositedon the part and the capability of accurate measurement of theamount of paint sprayed (see Section 7).6.2 It may be difficult to cover the

19、surface of complexshaped parts with aluminum foil (see 11.6.11).7. Apparatus7.1 Tension Load Cells, with upper/lower transition pieces.7.1.1 682-kg (1500-lb) capacity with 0.02-kg (0.05-lb) pre-cision for weighing automobile body and support frame.7.1.2 227 to 364-kg (500 to 800-lb) capacity with 0.

20、02-kg(0.05-lb) precision for weighing mix tanks or automobilecomponents.7.1.3 Asafety cable is required for upper to lower transition.7.2 Electronic Digitizer/Readout, readability of 0.02 kg(0.05 lb) and special filtering.7.2.1 The electronic digitizer/readout shall meet OIML(International Organizat

21、ion of Legalized Metrology) specifica-tions.57.3 Voltage Regulator.7.4 Swivel Devices, as required.7.5 Rule and Calipers for measuring diameter of paintsupply tank shaft, etc.7.6 Sample Containers, clean and airtight for paint material.7.7 Lifting Device and Support Frame Apparatus to liftbody.7.7.1

22、 Total weight must not exceed capacity of load cell orscale.7.8 Standard Calibration Weight, approximately 0.9 kg (2lb).7.9 Measure Stick, Starret precision spring tempered, satinchrome finish, 91.4 cm (36 in.), with 4R graduations, orequivalent.8. Paint Usage Measurement Procedures8.1 Transfer effi

23、ciency measurement requires that accuratemeasurements be made of the quantity of paint material used inthe application process during the time period associated withthe coating of specific vehicles or parts. Two general proce-dures are applicable for accurately measuring paint usage.8.1.1 The prefer

24、red procedure is to determine the weight ofpaint used during the application study period. Under typicalproduction conditions, such weighing may be difficult, due tothe large number of applicators requiring paint supply from acommon tank. If a separate, isolated paint supply tank is usedin the test;

25、 it is important to control paint viscosity,temperature, and flow rate consistent with the regular produc-tion system (see 9.1).8.1.2 Where direct paint usage measurement by weight isnot practical, an alternative procedure for determining paintusage by volume is suggested. This procedure involves me

26、a-suring the drop in paint level in the paint supply tank during thetest. To provide sufficient accuracy, it may be necessary to painta “block” (isolated group) of similar vehicles or parts from thepaint supply system while usage measurements are taken.Typically, this may require painting approximat

27、ely 30 vehicles(see 9.2).9. Paint Usage Determination by Weight Procedure9.1 This procedure for determining paint usage during thetest is preferred when a satellite paint supply system isavailable for the process to be tested. With this procedure, it isusually easier to isolate paint usage for measu

28、rement purposes,and accurate results can be obtained with a smaller number ofvehicles or parts (see 9.1.1).9.1.1 At least 2.27 kg (5.0 lb) of paint material must be usedduring the test with the specified weighing equipment.9.2 Before a satellite paint supply system can be used, itmust be demonstrate

29、d that the system is capable of supplyingthe paint at sufficient volume and pressure to maintain normalprocess conditions (fluid deliveries of the spray devices) andthat the paint can be maintained at a representative temperatureand viscosity for the duration of the test period. Theserequirements ca

30、n best be assured by mounting the satellite tankon a load cell or scale and directly piping it into the productionsupply system of the spraybooth. For this procedure therequirements are as follows:9.2.1 Level and calibrate a weighing device (see Section 7)for weighing the satellite supply tank.9.2.2

31、 If an electronic weighing device is used, it must beturned on long enough to achieve stability, following themanufacturers directions. All weighing devices must be situ-ated to minimize disturbance from vibration or air movement.9.2.3 Introduce the paint material, reduced to sprayingviscosity, into

32、 the tank to be weighed. Before the test isconducted, be certain that fluid flows are properly set, that allsupply and return lines are filled with the paint, and that noleaks are present in the piping system.9.2.4 Shut off the agitator to minimize vibration during theweighing of the system.5The sol

33、e source of supply of the electronic digitizer, Model 5322, known to thecommittee at this time is Sterling Scale Co., 20950 Boening, Southfield, MI 48075.If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMInternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful c

34、onsideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.D5066 91 (2011)129.2.5 Calibrate the weighing device in accordance withmanufacturers instructions. Weigh and tare a lifting frame, ifused to support the satellite paint supply tank.9.2.6 Weigh the satellite paint s

35、upply tank before the testvehicles or parts are run. Flexible connections are required tominimize strain. Carefully note the configuration of the tank sothat the same configuration is used for both initial and the finalweighing (that is, hose connections, height, etc.). Weigh thetank until 2 consecu

36、tive measurements are obtained within themeasurement error of the weighing system 60.02 kg (0.05 lb).Average the two readings. The satellite tank may be left on theweighing device during the painting operation to monitorpainting usage on a continuous basis.9.2.7 After painting the test vehicles or p

37、arts, reweigh thesatellite paint supply tank in accordance with 9.2.5 and 9.2.6.9.2.8 Obtain representative paint samples immediately aftercompletion of the test for solids and density analysis.10. Paint Usage Determination by Tank LevelMeasurement (Volume Procedure)10.1 This procedure for determini

38、ng the paint usage re-quires that the drop in the liquid level in the system supply tankbe measured accurately. This procedure is applicable witheither a satellite system or a main-mix room supply system. Asufficient number of parts must be processed in the test blockto provide at least a 7.6-cm (3-

39、in.) drop in the liquid level in thepaint supply tank. Careful measurement is critical to the overallaccuracy of the transfer efficiency test. This procedure consistsof the following:10.1.1 Accurately measure the inside diameter of the paintsupply tank(s) to be used for the various test materials. I

40、f theagitator shafts, fill pipes, or any other objects are located in themeasurement zone, the occupied volume of these items mustbe determined and subtracted from the total volume. Carefulselection of the section of the tank for the test measurementwill minimize the difficulty of this task. The mea

41、surements areused to develop a conversion factor between level drop andvolume of paint.10.1.2 Most main paint supply systems consist of two tanksconnected together to maintain the material supply. During thetest, the paint supply tank must be isolated. Check to ensurethat there is no leakage or over

42、flow between the two tanks andthat the directional valves for paint return function properly.Make sure that these checks are made just prior to and after thetest, and are done by measuring the volume in both tanks.10.1.3 Place the test paint, which has been reduced tospraying viscosity, into the pai

43、nt supply tank to be measured.No material additions or reductions may be made to the tankduring the test. Before the test is conducted, make certain thatvalving is set so that paint is being drawn from the test tank andreturned to the test tank, and that all air has been removed fromthe delivery sys

44、tem.10.1.4 With satellite paint supply tank systems, special caremust be taken to ensure that all fluid lines are completely filled.10.1.5 Prior to taking the volume measurement, turn off anyagitation within the tank that will interfere with the measuringprocess and then turn it back on after the me

45、asurement.10.1.6 Record the tank levels before and after the test. Takethe initial reading just prior to the first test vehicle or part of theblock that enters the first application station in the testedprocess. Take the final reading just after the last vehicle or parthas left the last application

46、area in the tested process.10.1.7 With clearcoat (or other paint materials that cannotbe isolated to a specific block of cars due to other connectedoperations such as repair), take the initial reading as the firstvehicle or part in the test block enters the first station applyingclearcoat. Take the

47、final reading when the vehicle after the lastjob in the test block enters the first station, applying clearcoat(the same point at which the initial reading was taken). If thisis not done, the block size for clearcoat will be different fromthe block size for basecoat (this is acceptable but must beac

48、curately reflected in the calculations).10.1.8 The measurements are to be taken to the nearest 1.6mm (116 in.) with a measuring stick with 1.6 mm (116-in.) orless graduations. Measurements are made from the top of thetank to the top of the liquid level at least 7.6 to 10.2 cm (3 to4 in.) from the si

49、des of the tank. The top of the tank is to bedetermined by laying a straight edge across the top of the tankin the same position for each measurement.10.1.8.1 WarningAny measuring instruments used in thisprocedure must be effectively grounded before contacting thecoating tank or coating liquid surface. Review all measuringinstruments for suitability and resistance to the paint solventsprior to the test.10.1.9 It may be necessary to provide two-way radio com-munication between the mix-room monitor and the testedprocess operation to coordinate the measurement process