NEMA EWS 1 4-2016 Literature Review.pdf
《NEMA EWS 1 4-2016 Literature Review.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《NEMA EWS 1 4-2016 Literature Review.pdf(31页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMA EWS 1.4-2016Literature ReviewNATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIONAdvancing Energy Efficiency in Urban Water Supply SystemsFebraury 29, 2016Literature ReviewThis literature review is part of the National Electrical M
2、anufacturers Associations (NEMA) Increasing Energy Efficiency in Urban Water Supply Systems Initiative. NEMA selected GEI Consultants Inc. and its partners to support their strategic initiative on the energy-water nexus. NEMAs initiative encompasses the following goals:1) Collect data to quantify th
3、e effectiveness and efficiency of equipment in facilities representative of the U.S. urban water supplys delivery and treatment systems2) Analyze the market potential to improve effectiveness of water supply, delivery, and treatment systems using NEMA member products (including HVAC and lighting)3)
4、Evaluate the viability of energy savings performance contract practices, other financing mechanisms, and government grants to finance modernization upgradesAs a fundemental component of first goal listed above (goal 1), GEI applied the following method to review readily available literature, gather
5、pertinent facts, and compile this information contained within this document. Using goal 1 to set the scope of literature considered, the project team1) identified key search terms and applied them to standard search internet engines;2) considered documents that were in English, readily available on
6、 the internet at no cost;3) revisited terms and periodically refined and updated terms;4) critically reviewed and analyzed materials to determine relevance to the defined goal (i.e., determined the focus of the documents, scope of the study or analysis, and findings or results); and5) compiled the r
7、esults in this Excel spreadsheet.The results of this literature review supported the analyses conducted as part of goals 2 and 3, discussed fully in the project report, Advancing Energy Efficiency in Urban Water Supply Systems, dated February 2016.For more information contact Lorraine White, Project
8、 Manager, GEI Consultants Inc., at 916.631.4540 or GEI Project # 1512760, February 2016NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIONAdvancing Energy Efficiency in Urban Water Supply Systems LITERATURE REVIEWMarch 29, 2016Author Organization Date Subject Area of Study Summary/Key Points LinkEric Meli
9、ton Frost performance analysisNational A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies provides guidance on economic evaluation approaches, metrics, and levels of detail required, while offering a consistent basis on which analysts can perform analyses usi
10、ng standard assumptions and bases. It not only provides information on the primary economic measures used in economic analyses and the fundamentals of finance but also provides guidance focused on the special considerations required in the economic evaluation of energy efficiency and renewable energ
11、y systems.www.nrel.gov/docs/legosti/old/5173.pdf2NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIONAdvancing Energy Efficiency in Urban Water Supply Systems LITERATURE REVIEWMarch 29, 2016Author Organization Date Subject Area of Study Summary/Key Points LinkRachel Young ACEEE, National Association of Wat
12、er Companies (NAWC)Jun. 2015 Energy for Water, Energy Intensity, Water ManagementNational As part of the Commercial Building Initiative, a survey conducted for NAWCs member companies related to their energy use and water processing. Findings: The water companies surveyed have energy intensity (avg.
13、2,300 kWh/MG) similar to those seen in previous ACEEE research. The distance water travels in the system, the water source, and the size of the water utility all impact the energy intensity of the water system. 9 out of 11 participating utilities have instituted leak-detection efforts in the past th
14、ree years and 5 out of 11 offer water conservation programs of some sort to their customers. 3 partner with an energy utility, including 1 water utility with a joint program for end-use customers.http:/aceee.org/sites/default/files/water-company-energy-use.pdfLorraine White, Kathleen Ave, Rob Swartz
15、, Amy TalbotSMUD Apr. 2015 AB 32, Water-Energy Nexus, Greenhouse Gas, Conservation, Efficiency, Renewable EnergyLocal (Sacramento)A project that examined the water systems in the Sacramento Region to assess opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for the Sacramento Municipal Utility Distric
16、t. Readily available data and agency information was analyzed to determine energy intensities, load profiles and other baseline energy data for water systems in the Sacramento Region. The energy intensity of the regions water supply is approximately 281 kWh/ML (1,062 kWh/MG) and for individual agenc
17、ies range from 82 - 628 kWh/ML (312 - 2,379 kWh/MG), notably higher than previously calculated. Groundwater or sources that require water treatment tend to have higher energy intensities, mostly the result of well pumping-related energy demand or treatment technologies used. Peak water demand occurs
18、 during the summer, coinciding with peak energy demands in the region. To meet summer peak demand, pumping and diversions increase significantly, driving the energy intensity of the regions water systems higher during this time period. There are numerous opportunities to increase water and energy ef
19、ficiency in the region lower associated GHGs. Available upon request of authors.Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PECIU.S. Department of EnergySept. 2011 Performance Improvements for Large Existing Office BuildingsNational A typical office building can cut energy use by up to 25% by implementin
20、g no and low cost measures and over 45% (including 25% EBCx savings) by pursuing deeper retrofit measures presented in this guide. The impact of such projects will be felt in the form of reduced operating costs, improved occupant comfort, and other related benefits.http:/apps1.eere.energy.gov/tribal
21、energy/pdfs/doe_eere_aerg_office_buildings.pdf3NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIONAdvancing Energy Efficiency in Urban Water Supply Systems LITERATURE REVIEWMarch 29, 2016Author Organization Date Subject Area of Study Summary/Key Points LinkDonald Gilligan National Association of Energy Se
22、rvice Companies (NAESCO)Sept. 9, 2014ESCO, energy efficiencyNational This presentation discussed the following key points regarding ESCOs: 1. ESCO Market Drivers are the Federal Government programs and MUSH Market; 2. Cumulative results include $50 B in guaranteed and verified savings and $30 B of p
23、ublic facility improvements; and 3. significant economic potential existing for ESCOs and is estimated in the several tens of billionsWhat ESCOs need from the States: estimates of the value of GHG reductions streamlined, transparent state rulemaking that separate ratepayer and utility stockholder in
24、terests national or regional standards on key issueshttp:/annualmeeting2014.naseo.org/Data/Sites/4/media/presentations/Gilligan-Don.pdfHung-Wen Lin, GELTianzhen HongACEEE (American Council for an Energy Efficiency Economy2012 Space Heating in Small and Large Size Office BuildingsNational The most in
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
10000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- NEMAEWS142016LITERATUREREVIEWPDF