ASTM E2675-2009 Standard Practice for Property Management System Outcomes《资产管理体制成果的标准实施规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: E 2675 09Standard Practice forProperty Management System Outcomes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in paren

2、theses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes expected outcomes associatedwith a property management system. It is a measure ofachievement rather than process, and is descr

3、iptive rather thanprescriptive.1.2 Outcomes are defined as information, events, objects, orstates of being produced as a result or consequence of a plan,process, accident, effort, or other similar action or occurrence.1.3 An output measure is the tabulation, calculation, orrecording of activity or e

4、ffort and can be expressed in aquantitative or qualitative manner.1.4 An outcome measure is an assessment of the results ofa program activity compared to its intended purpose.1.5 Consistent with Practice E 2452, these outcomes aregrouped into process management outcomes and operationaloutcomes.1.5.1

5、 Although they may be directly related, strategies andtactics should not be confused with outcomes. Strategies arelong-term plans of action designed to achieve a particular goal.Tactics are maneuvers or actions calculated to achieve someend. For example, increasing exercise is a strategy to attain t

6、hegoal or outcome of fitness. Running is a supporting tactic toachieve the goal or outcome of fitness. Other tactics or groupsof tactics may achieve the same outcome. On the other hand, asthe definition of outcome indicates, tactics are not required forattaining outcomes. For example, fitness may be

7、 an unplannedresult of a job requiring physical exertion.1.6 This practice describes the outcomes at a high level,with limited discussion of each outcome or components of eachoutcome. The intent is to provide a framework for current andpotential additional standards. A cross reference relating cur-r

8、ent standards to the outcomes is provided in Section 5.1.7 The outcomes further described in Section 5, are listedin the following:1.7.1 Process Management Outcomes:1.7.1.1 Outcome 1Mission Support1.7.1.2 Outcome 2Accounting and Accountability1.7.1.3 Outcome 3Information Management1.7.1.4 Outcome 4P

9、lanning1.7.1.5 Outcome 5Relationships1.7.2 Operational Outcomes:1.7.2.1 Outcome 6Property Functionality1.7.2.2 Outcome 7Resource Optimization1.7.2.3 Outcome 8Property Visibility1.7.2.4 Outcome 9Safety and Security1.7.2.5 Outcome 10Installation, Movement, and Storage1.8 In Section 5, a rating scale i

10、s provided to quantify in auniform manner achievement of outcomes and outcome com-ponents.1.9 This practice, in combination with Practice E 2279,clarifies and enables effective and efficient control and trackingof property and may provide an enhanced basis for makingdecisions surrounding both proper

11、ty and property managementsystems.1.10 This practice is intended to be applicable and appro-priate for all property-holding entities.1.11 This practice covers tangible property as defined inTerminology E 2135. Consistent with the nomenclature used,individual portions of the practice may be applicabl

12、e to morelimited subsets of tangible property, for example to equipmentand not to material.1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pract

13、ices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 2131 Practice for Assessing Loss, Damage, or Destruc-tion of PropertyE 2132 Practice for Physical Inventory of Durable, Move-able PropertyE 2135 Terminology for Property and Asse

14、t ManagementE 2221 Practice for Administrative Control of PropertyE 2279 Practice for Establishing the Guiding Principles ofProperty ManagementE 2306 Practice for Utilization and Disposal of PersonalProperty1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E53 on PropertyManagement Systems

15、and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E53.05 onProperty Management Maturity.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009. Published February 2009.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStand

16、ards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 2378 Practice for the Recognition of Impaired or RetiredPersonal PropertyE 2379 Practice for P

17、roperty Management for Career De-velopment and TrainingE 2452 Practice for Equipment Management Process Matu-rity (EMPM) ModelE 2453 Practice for Determining the Life-Cycle Cost ofOwnership of Personal PropertyE 2495 Practice for Prioritizing Asset Resources in Acqui-sition, Utilization, and Disposi

18、tionE 2497 Practice for Calculation of Equipment MovementVelocity (EMV)E 2499 Practice for Classification of Equipment PhysicalLocation InformationE 2605 Practice for Receiving PropertyE 2606 Practice for Receipt Notification as a Result ofTangible Property MovementE 2607 Practice for Cannibalizatio

19、n/Reclamation of Ser-viceable Equipment Components to Support Demand Re-quirementsE 2608 Practice for Equipment Control Matrix (ECM)3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions relating to property andasset management, refer to Terminology E 2135.3.1.1 asset, n(1) anything owned having monetary valu

20、e;(2) tangible or intangible items owned by an entity that haveprobable economic benefits that can be obtained or controlledby the entity. (E 2135)3.1.2 best value, nexpected outcome of an acquisition thatprovides the greatest overall benefit in response to the require-ment.3.1.3 information managem

21、ent, ncollection and manage-ment of information from one or more sources and thedistribution of that information to one or more audiences.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThis sometimes involves those whohave a stake in or a right to that information. Managementmeans the organization of and control over the struct

22、ure,processing, and delivery of information.3.1.4 operations, nexercise of the tasks that constituteequipment management. (E 2452)3.1.5 opportunity, nconcept that denotes a potential posi-tive impact.3.1.6 opportunity assessment, nassessing external condi-tions that are helpful to achieving objectiv

23、es.3.1.7 opportunity management, nmanaging external con-ditions that are helpful to achieving objectives.3.1.8 outcome, ninformation, event, object, or state ofbeing produced as a result or consequence of a plan, process,accident, effort, or other similar action or occurrence.3.1.9 outcome measure,

24、nan assessment of the results of aprogram activity compared to its intended purpose.3.1.10 output measure, nthe tabulation, calculation, orrecording of activity or effort and can be expressed in aquantitative or qualitative manner.3.1.11 process management, nplanning and administeringthe activities

25、necessary to achieve a desired level of perfor-mance and identifying opportunities for improving quality,operational performance, and ultimately, customer satisfaction.(E 2135)3.1.11.1 DiscussionIt involves design, control, and im-provement of key business processes.3.1.12 property functionality, ns

26、et of functions that anasset is able or equipped to perform.3.1.13 property management system, nsubset of existingorganizational processes related to the lifecycle management ofproperty. (E 2135)3.1.13.1 DiscussionThese processes represent soundpractice and are compliant with applicable standards, p

27、olicies,regulations, and contractual requirements.3.1.14 record utility, noverall measure of structured prop-erty records based on the usefulness of stored, standardized,and appropriately available information of sufficient accuracyand reliability to respond reasonably to entity requirements ina tim

28、ely manner.3.1.15 resource optimization, nproperty management sys-tem outcome characterized by the minimization of assetholdings while assuring entity requirements for assets are met.3.1.16 return on investment, nearning power of assetsmeasured as the ratio of the net income (profit less deprecia-ti

29、on) to the average capital used (or equity capital) in a firm orproject. (Online Business Dictionary3)3.1.16.1 DiscussionUsually expressed as a percentage, itis a measure of the profitability that (while not taking the timevalue of money into account) indicates whether or not a firm isusing its reso

30、urces in an efficient manner.3.1.17 risk, nconcept that denotes a potential negativeimpact.3.1.18 risk assessment, ndetermination of quantitative orqualitative value of risk related to a concrete situation and arecognized threat.3.1.18.1 DiscussionRisk assessment is considered as theinitial and recu

31、rring step in a risk management process.3.1.19 risk management, nstructured approach to manag-ing uncertainty through risk assessment, developing strategiesto manage it, and mitigation of risk using managerial resources.3.1.19.1 DiscussionStrategies include transferring therisk to another party, avo

32、iding the risk, reducing the negativeeffect of the risk, and accepting some or all of the conse-quences of a particular risk.3.1.20 strategy, nlong-term plan of action designed toachieve a particular goal.3.1.21 sustainability, nsystem of actions, projected to beviable on an ongoing basis.3.1.22 sys

33、tem level outcome, noutcomes based on thepolicies, procedures, and tools that are in place to manageproperty, regardless of ownership.3.1.23 tactic, nmaneuver or action calculated to achievesome end.3The Online Business Dictionary, s.v. “return on investment,” http:/ (accessed February 1, 2009).E267

34、50923.2 Acronyms:3.2.1 ECMequipment control matrix3.2.2 EMPMequipment management process maturity3.2.3 FARFederal Acquisition Regulation3.2.4 LDDloss, damage, and destruction4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice establishes expected outcomes associatedwith a property management system.4.2 Care sh

35、ould be taken not to confuse tactics with theoutcomes described in this practice. Tactics are a means to anend. Outcomes are an end.4.3 What is being measured is achievement, not process.4.4 This practice encourages an inclusive understanding andcommunication of the outcomes associated with a proper

36、tymanagement system. As additional standards are added, com-parisons on this basis to other property management systemscan be further enabled.4.5 This practice, in combination with Practice E 2279, mayprovide an enhanced basis for making decisions surroundingboth property and property management sys

37、tems.4.6 This practice is intended to foster and enable additionalstandard practices related to or based on the terms and conceptsin the outcomes and outcome components.4.7 In particular, this practice may suggest a standard forpersonal and management skills useful in efforts to achievethese outcome

38、s.5. Property Management System Outcomes5.1 Process Management OutcomesProcess managementoutcomes are system level outcomes.5.1.1 Outcome 1: Mission Support:5.1.1.1 Outcome Component 1.1: Mission SupportTheProperty Management System should support the mission ofthe entity of which it is a part.5.1.2

39、 Outcome 2: Accounting and AccountabilityThereare four outcome components of Outcome 2: (2.1) propertyaccountability and responsibility, (2.2) best value, (2.3)accounting/financial management, and (2.4) effectiveness andefficiency.5.1.2.1 Outcome Component 2.1: Property Accountabilityand Responsibil

40、ityProperty management is concerned withthe management of specific rights and responsibilities associ-ated with individual assets and groups of assets available to theentity for use. These specific rights and responsibilities are asubset of the total bundle of rights and responsibilities of theprope

41、rty owner or assignee that have been conveyed to theentity. This includes internal organizational, sub-organizational, and individual responsibility for property usedor assigned.5.1.2.2 Outcome Component 2.2: Best ValueBest valueincludes the concepts of efficiency and effectiveness. The entityseeks

42、the best value in the long term in the use and mainte-nance of property (Practice E 2279).5.1.2.3 Outcome Component 2.3: Accounting/FinancialManagementThis includes accurate and timely financialrecognition and accounting.5.1.2.4 Outcome Component 2.4: Effectiveness andEffciencyProperty management pr

43、actices must seek, whenviewed in totality, to be effective and efficient, to the point atwhich benefits exceed the costs of operation (Practice E 2279).5.1.3 Outcome 3: Information ManagementThere are twomajor components of Outcome 3: (3.1) record utility and (3.2)reporting.5.1.3.1 Outcome Component

44、 3.1: Record Utility:(1) Record utility is an overall measure of structuredproperty records based on the usefulness of stored, standard-ized, and appropriately available information of sufficientaccuracy and reliability to reasonably respond to entity require-ments in a timely manner. In other words

45、, the outcome isappropriately useful record information based on the controlclass of the property asset or class of property and otherfactors. One facet of record utility as an outcome is simplyhaving the right data when it is needed. The optimal recordutility outcome is collecting and storing the p

46、roper data sowhen information is requested there is neither a delay nor aspecial data call required to fulfill the request. Excessivestorage, standardization, or availability of information may beinefficient and ineffective.(2) While conducting a physical inventory is a tactic, anoutcome of a physic

47、al inventory could be physical inventoryaccuracy. However, such a potential outcome is a limitedsnapshot produced by a process that of course has its ownaccuracy concerns. A more consistent and dependable outcomewould then perhaps be record accuracy. In accordance withPractice E 2608, not all items

48、are tracked to the same level ofcontrol or accuracy. Therefore, extending the concepts ofPractices E 2279 and E 2608, a more meaningful outcome hereis record utility. For example, identification (tagging) is a tacticto support record utility. In accordance with Practice E 2608,some property may appr

49、opriately not be tagged nor havecontrol records created.5.1.3.2 Outcome Component 3.2: ReportingFully scal-able, flexible, responsive strategic and tactical reporting capa-bility, available as needed, where needed. Reporting includesindividual item reports, summary reports, and metrics. It alsoincludes conceptual level presentations and reports derivedfrom property control system information.5.1.4 Outcome 4: PlanningThere are two major compo-nents of Outcome 4: (4.1) awareness of opportunities and risksan