ASTM B824-2009 Standard Specification for General Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings《铜合金铸件一般要求的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 824 09Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n

2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes general requirements co

3、m-mon to ASTM copper alloy casting specifications B 22, B 61,B 62, B 66, B 67, B 148, B 176, B 271, B 369, B 427, B 505,B 584, B 763, B 770, and B 806. These requirements apply tothe casting specifications to the extent referenced therein.1.1.1 In the event of conflict between this specification and

4、a casting specification, the requirements of the casting speci-fication shall take precedence.1.2 The chemical composition and other requirements notincluded in this specification shall be prescribed in the castingproduct specifications.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarde

5、d as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.4 No precise quantitative relationship can be stated be-tween the properties of the metal in various locations of thesame casting or between

6、the properties of castings and those ofa test bar casting from the same metal. (See Appendix X1.)22. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents, of the issue in effect on dateof casting purchase, form, part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B22 Specificati

7、on for Bronze Castings for Bridges andTurntablesB61 Specification for Steam or Valve Bronze CastingsB62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce MetalCastingsB66 Specification for Bronze Castings for Steam Locomo-tive Wearing PartsB67 Specification for Car and Tender Journal Bearings,LinedB 148

8、 Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand CastingsB 176 Specification for Copper-Alloy Die CastingsB 194 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Plate,Sheet, Strip, and Rolled BarB 208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens forCopper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifugal, andContinuous Casti

9、ngsB 271 Specification for Copper-Base Alloy CentrifugalCastingsB 369 Specification for Copper-Nickel Alloy CastingsB 427 Specification for Gear Bronze Alloy CastingsB 505/B 505M Specification for Copper Alloy ContinuousCastingsB 584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings forGeneral Applicatio

10、nsB 763 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings forValve ApplicationsB 770 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Cast-ings for General ApplicationsB 806 Specification for Copper Alloy Permanent MoldCastings for General ApplicationsB 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE 8/E 8M T

11、est Methods for Tension Testing of MetallicMaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of SpecialBrasses and Bronzes4E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper andCopper Alloys (Photometric Me

12、thods)E76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-CopperAlloys4E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE 478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of CopperAlloysE 581 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Manganese-Copper Alloys1This specif

13、ication is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2004

14、 as B 824 04.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code application see related specificationin Section II of that code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer

15、to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc

16、ken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B 846.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 ManufactureMechanical properties of Copper AlloyUNS Nos. C94700, C95300, C95400, C95410, C95500,C95520, and C96800 can be change

17、d by heat treatment.Suggested heat treatments are given in the casting specifica-tions containing these alloys.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The casting material shall conform to the chemicalrequirements of the casting product specification involved.5.2 These composition limits do not preclude the pres

18、enceof other elements. Limits may be established and analysisrequired for unnamed elements by agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.6. Mechanical Property Requirements6.1 When tension testing is required by the casting productspecification, the results shall conform to the requirements

19、 ofthat specification, when tested in accordance with Test Meth-ods E 8/E 8M.7. Other Requirements7.1 Hydrostatic TestWhen specified in the purchase order,a hydrostatic test shall be performed on the castings. Thedetails of the test and acceptance criteria shall be established byagreement between th

20、e manufacturer and the purchaser.7.2 SoundnessWhen specified in the purchase order, cast-ings shall meet soundness requirements furnished or referencedby the purchaser. In the absence of standards for soundness, therequirement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.8. Dime

21、nsions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 The manufacturer shall be responsible for conforming tothe dimensional requirements of the castings as related to thedrawing when the pattern equipment is produced by themanufacturer.8.2 When the pattern equipment is provided by the pur-chaser, the manufac

22、turer shall be responsible for conforming tothe dimensional requirements of the castings, but with anymutually agreed to exceptions relating to the provided patternequipment.8.3 Where thick and thin sections of the casting adjoin, themanufacturer shall be permitted to add fillets of adequate size,wh

23、ere not previously provided, subject to approval of thepurchaser.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering sand,cracks, and hot tears. Other surface discontinuities shall meetvisual acceptance standards agreed upon between the manu-facturer and th

24、e purchaser.10. Sampling10.1 LotA lot shall consist of: (1) all of the metal pouredfrom a single furnace or crucible melt, or (2) all the metalpoured from two or more furnaces into a single ladle, or (3) allof the metal poured from a continuous melting furnace betweencharges, or (4) all of the metal

25、 poured from an individualmelting furnace or group of melting furnaces having a uniformmelting stock, operating during the course of one-half shift, notto exceed 5 h.10.2 Chemical Analysis:10.2.1 The sample for chemical analysis shall be taken inaccordance with Practice E 255 for product in the fina

26、l formfrom the pieces selected in 10.1 and combined into onecomposite sample. The minimum weight of the compositesample shall be 150 g.10.2.2 Instead of sampling as directed in 10.2.1, the manu-facturer shall have the option of sampling at the time castingsare poured or from the semifinished product

27、. When samples aretaken during the course of manufacture, sampling of thefinished product by the manufacturer is not required. Thenumber of samples taken for the determination of compositionshall be as follows:10.2.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the castings arepoured, at least one sample sh

28、all be taken for each group ofcastings poured from the same source of molten metal.10.3 Tension-test bars used in meeting the requirements of6.1 shall be separately cast for the sand, permanent mold, andcentrifugal casting processes. The results represent the proper-ties of the metal going into cast

29、ings poured from the same heat.The mechanical properties may not be the same as theproperties of the corresponding castings because of the solidi-fication effects of varying size, section, and design. Test barsfor continuous castings are taken from the castings andtherefore represent the properties

30、of the casting.10.3.1 When the requirements of 6.1 have been compliedwith using separately cast test bars, additional tests may beperformed using test bars removed from the casting with testbar location and mechanical properties agreed upon betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser. It should be not

31、ed that theminimum requirements, listed in applicable specifications,were obtained using data from separately cast coupons. Testspecimens machined from castings may not achieve theseresults.11. Number of Tests and Retests11.1 Tests:11.1.1 A chemical analysis of each element with a specifiedlimiting

32、value shall be made on each lot. Chemical analysis forresidual elements is not required unless specified in thepurchase order.11.1.2 One tension test shall be performed on each lot.11.1.3 Should the percent elongation of any tensile-testspecimen be less than that specified and any part of the fractu

33、reis outside the middle two-thirds of the gage length or in apunched or scribed mark within the reduced section, thespecimen may be discarded and replaced by another from thesame lot.11.1.4 If the result of any test fails to conform to thespecified requirements, two retests shall be performed. If ei

34、therretest fails to meet the specified requirements, the lot shall berejected.B82409211.1.5 Should any of the properties be less than thatspecified and there is a discontinuity in the cross-sectional areaof the fracture, the specimen may be discarded and replaced byanother of the same lot.11.2 Retes

35、ts:11.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer, a retest shall bepermitted when test results obtained by the purchaser fail toconform to the casting specification requirements.11.2.2 Retesting shall be as prescribed in the casting speci-fication for the initial test, except the number of test specimen

36、sshall be twice that normally required for the test. Test resultsfor all specimens shall comply with the casting specificationrequirements. Failure to comply shall be cause for rejection.11.2.3 Chemical AnalysisIf one or more of the elementswith specified limits fail to meet the compositional requir

37、ementof the product specification when determined from the sampleprepared in accordance with Practice E 255, one retest cycleshall be permitted with a second composite sample prepared inaccordance with Practice E 255.12. Specimen Preparation12.1 The specimen for chemical analysis shall be takenfrom

38、the lot in such a manner as to avoid contamination and berepresentative of the molten metal. Sample preparation shall bein accordance with Practice E 255. Analytical specimen prepa-ration shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.12.2 Tension-test specimens shall be prepared in accorda

39、ncewith Practice B 208.12.2.1 If any specimen is machined improperly or if flawsare revealed by machining or during testing, the specimen shallbe discarded and replaced by another from the same lot.13. Test Methods13.1 Chemical Composition:13.1.1 The chemical analysis methods used for the routinedet

40、ermination of specification compliance and preparation oftest reports shall be at the discretion of the laboratory perform-ing the analysis.13.1.2 In case of disagreement on chemical composition,referee analytical methods for copper alloys other than copper-beryllium alloys (Specification B 770) are

41、 given in Table 1.Referee analytical methods for copper-beryllium alloys aregiven in the Annex of Specification B 194.13.1.3 The determination of magnesium, niobium, zirco-nium, and titanium, for which no recognized test method isknown to be published, shall be subject to agreement betweenthe manufa

42、cturer and the purchaser.13.1.4 Analytical methods for elements with ranges beyondthose given in Table 1 shall be subject to agreement betweenthe manufacturer and the purchaser.13.1.5 Anayltical methods for the determination of elementsrequired by the purchase order agreement shall be as agreedupon

43、between the manufacturer and the purchaser.13.2 Mechanical Properties:13.2.1 Tension testing shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods E 8/E 8M.14. Significance of Numerical Limits14.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with thespecified limits for requirements of the properties liste

44、d in thefollowing table, an observed value or a calculated value shallbe rounded as indicated in accordance with the roundingmethod of Practice E29.Property Rounded Limit for Observed orCalculated ValueChemical CompositionHardnessElectrical ResistivityElectrical Conductivitynearest unit in the last

45、right-handsignificance digit used in expressingthe limiting valueTensile Strengthnearest ksi (5 MPa)Yield StrengthElongation nearest 1 %Grain Size:Under 0.060 mm nearest multiple of 0.005 mm0.060 mm and over nearest 0.01 mm15. Inspection15.1 The manufacturer shall inspect and make tests neces-sary t

46、o verify that the product furnished conforms to thespecified requirements.15.2 The purchaser may have a representative inspect orwitness the inspection and testing of the material prior toshipment. Such an arrangement shall be made by the purchaserand the manufacturer as part of the purchase order.

47、When suchinspection or witness of inspection and testing is agreed upon,the manufacturer shall afford the purchasers representative allreasonable facilities necessary to confirm that the productmeets the requirements of the purchase order. The purchasersinspection and tests shall be conducted in suc

48、h a manner thatthey will not interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturersoperation.TABLE 1 Referee Chemical Analytical MethodsElement Range or % max Test MethodsAluminum (Al) 0.00513.5 E 478Antimony (Sb) 0.05-0.70 E62Arsenic (As) 0.0-0.50 E62Carbon (C) 0.0-0.50 E76Copper (Cu) 50.0-99.75 E 478Iron

49、(Fe) 0.003-1.250.0-5.0E 478E54Lead (Pb) 0.002-15.02.0-30.0E 478;Atomic AbsorptionE 478; TitrimetricManganese (Mn) 0.10-12.012.0-23.0E62E 581Nickel (Ni)(incl Colbalt (Co)0.0-5.0 E 478; PhotometricPhosphorus (P) 0.01-1.0 E62Silicon (Si) 0.005-5.50 E54;Perchloric AcidDehydrationSulfur (S) 0.05-0.08 E76: DirectCombustionTin (Sn) 0.01-1.00.50-20.0E 478; PhotometricE 478; TitrimetricZinc (Zn) 0.02-2.02.0-40.0E 478; AtomicAbsorptionE 478; TitrimetricB82409316. Rejection and Rehearing16.1 Rejection:16.1.1 Castings that fail to comply with the requirements ofthe casting product sp