ANSI AD4254-6-2013 Agricultural machinery - Safety - Part 6 Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors.pdf

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1、 ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009 AUG2013 Agricultural machinery Safety Part 6: Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers ASABE is a professional and technical organization, of members worldwide, who are dedicated to advancement of engineering appl

2、icable to agricultural, food, and biological systems. ASABE Standards are consensus documents developed and adopted by the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers to meet standardization needs within the scope of the Society; principally agricultural field equipment, farmstead equi

3、pment, structures, soil and water resource management, turf and landscape equipment, forest engineering, food and process engineering, electric power applications, plant and animal environment, and waste management. NOTE: ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data are informational and advisor

4、y only. Their use by anyone engaged in industry or trade is entirely voluntary. The ASABE assumes no responsibility for results attributable to the application of ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data. Conformity does not ensure compliance with applicable ordinances, laws and regulations.

5、 Prospective users are responsible for protecting themselves against liability for infringement of patents. ASABE Standards, Engineering Practices, and Data initially approved prior to the society name change in July of 2005 are designated as “ASAE“, regardless of the revision approval date. Newly d

6、eveloped Standards, Engineering Practices and Data approved after July of 2005 are designated as “ASABE“. Standards designated as “ANSI“ are American National Standards as are all ISO adoptions published by ASABE. Adoption as an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requi

7、rements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by ASABE. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much mor

8、e than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. CAUTION NOTICE: ASABE and ANSI standards may be revised or withdrawn at any time. Additionally, procedures of ASABE re

9、quire that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw each standard. Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. All rights reserved. ASABE, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, Ml 49085-9659, USA, phone 269-429-0300, fax 269-429-3852, hqasabe.org ANSI/ASABE AD425

10、4-6:2009 AUG2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 1 ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009 AUG2013 Approved September 2013 as an American National Standard Agricultural machinery Safety Part 6: Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors These materials are subject to copyright

11、claims of ISO, ANSI, and ASABE. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ASABE. All requests pertaining to the ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009 AUG2013 standard should be submitted to ASABE. This standard was

12、 reviewed for adoption by the ASABE Application Systems technical subcommittee and has been formerly approved by the Power and Machinery Division. Adopted by ASABE August 2013; approved as an American National Standard September 2013. Keywords: Application equipment, Fertilizer, Liquid fertilizer di

13、stributors, Pesticides, Safety, Sprayer 0 Foreword 0.1 ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009, Agricultural machinery Safety Part 6: Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors, is an adoption with deviations of the identically titled ISO standard ISO 4254-6:2009, Agricultural machinery Safety Part 6: Sprayers an

14、d liquid fertilizer distributors. Deviations noted in the following Foreword sections pertain to those provisions where harmonization could not be achieved between ASABE and the International Standard. 0.2 ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009 is to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirem

15、ents and their verification for the design and construction of mounted, semi-mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers for use with pesticide products and liquid fertilizer application, designed for use by one operator only. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe w

16、orking practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. This part of ISO 4254 is not applicable to: pedestrian-controlled sprayers; knapsack sprayers; aerial sprayers; handheld spraying devices (e.g. spray guns). When requirements of this part of ISO 4254 are different from t

17、hose which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the requirements of this part of ISO 4254 take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according the provisions of this part of ISO 4254. This part of ISO 4254, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all t

18、he significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4), excepting the hazards arising from: automatically actuated height adjustment systems; e

19、lectrostatic phenomena; ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009 AUG2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 2 electromagnetic compatibility; the environment, other than noise; inhalation of spraying chemical products due to a lack of effective methods to maintain breathing air quali

20、ty inside the cab; roll-over and tip-over of self-propelled machines with a ride-on driver; vibration (except the declaration); dust emission; burns; moving parts for power transmission except strength requirements for guards and barriers; safety and reliability of control systems; travelling functi

21、on of self-propelled machines. NOTE: ISO 14982 specifies test methods and acceptance criteria for evaluating the electromagnetic compatibility of all kind of mobile agricultural machinery. This part of ISO 4254 is not applicable to sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors which are manufactured b

22、efore the date of publication of this document by ISO. 0.3 Six normative references are listed in ISO 4254-6:2009. These references have been reviewed and accepted as part of the adoption with deviations of the ISO document in ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009. 0.4 This standard has been approved as an Ameri

23、can National standard by ANSI (American National Standards Institute). 0.5 This standard deviates from ISO 4254-6:2009 as follows: 0.5.1 Replace section 5.3.2.1 with “A safety sign(s) shall be provided to inform of possible overhead power line contact on agricultural equipment that exceeds 4.3 m (14

24、 ft) in height during any mode of operation, transport, or preparation for transport.” 0.5.2 In Table 2, Additional means of verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures given in this part of ISO 4254, for section 5.3.2.1 change “height of 4 m.” to “height of 4.3 m” Add: Safety sig

25、n to provide warning of overhead power lines for equipment 4.3 m. 0.5.3 In section 5.9 remove “manual” from the header and paragraph. Revised wording: “Each machine shall be equipped at the drivers position with a spraying stop control device to safely stop the flow (e.g. by means of two valves plac

26、ed in series). When the spraying stop control has been actuated, the volume dripping from each nozzle shall be minimized.” 0.5.4 In section 7.2.3 remove “maximum pump pressure” and “nominal frequency of rotation”. 0.5.5 In section 7.2.3 add “model number”. Text of ISO 4254-6:2009, Agricultural machi

27、nery Safety Part 6: Sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors, follows. ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009 AUG2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 3 1 Scope This part of ISO 4254, to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verificatio

28、n for the design and construction of mounted, semi-mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers for use with pesticide products and liquid fertilizer application, designed for use by one operator only. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (includin

29、g residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. This part of ISO 4254 is not applicable to: pedestrian-controlled sprayers; knapsack sprayers; aerial sprayers; handheld spraying devices (e.g. spray guns). When requirements of this part of ISO 4254 are different from those which are stated in I

30、SO 4254-1, the requirements of this part of ISO 4254 take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according the provisions of this part of ISO 4254. This part of ISO 4254, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with all the significant hazards, ha

31、zardous situations and events relevant to sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4), excepting the hazards arising from: automatically actuated height adjustment systems; electrostatic phenomena; el

32、ectromagnetic compatibility; the environment, other than noise; inhalation of spraying chemical products due to a lack of effective methods to maintain breathing air quality inside the cab; roll-over and tip-over of self-propelled machines with a ride-on driver; vibration (except the declaration); d

33、ust emission; burns; moving parts for power transmission except strength requirements for guards and barriers; safety and reliability of control systems; travelling function of self-propelled machines. NOTE: ISO 14982 specifies test methods and acceptance criteria for evaluating the electromagnetic

34、compatibility of all kind of mobile agricultural machinery. This part of ISO 4254 is not applicable to sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by ISO. ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009 AUG2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultura

35、l and Biological Engineers 4 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applie

36、s. ISO 4254-1:2008, Agricultural machinery Safety Part 1: General requirements ISO 5353:1995, Earth-moving machinery, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Seat index point ISO 5681:1992, Equipment for crop protection Vocabulary ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts,

37、 general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs 3

38、 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5681 and ISO 12100-1, and the following apply. 3.1 sprayer appliance for application of pesticide products and liquid fertilizer 3.2 aerial sprayer sprayer designed to be mounted to a plane or helicopter

39、 4 List of significant hazards Table 1 gives the significant hazard(s), the significant hazardous situation(s) and hazardous event(s) covered by this part of ISO 4254 that have been identified by risk assessment as being significant for this type of machine, and which require specific action by the

40、designer or manufacturer to eliminate or to reduce the risk. Attention is drawn to the necessity to verify that the safety requirements specified in this part of ISO 4254 apply to each significant hazard presented by a given machine and to validate that the risk assessment is complete. ANSI/ASABE AD

41、4254-6:2009 AUG2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 5 Table 1 List of significant hazards associated with sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors No.aHazard, hazardous situation or hazardous event Origin Clause/subclause of ISO 4254-1:2008 Clause/subclause of

42、this part of ISO 4254 A.1 Mechanical hazards A.1.1 Crushing hazard Folding or unfolding of the boom, calibration, insufficient clearance zone when hitching, failure of control system 4.7, 4.14.5, 5.1.3.3, 5.2 5.1, 5.3, 5.3.3, 5.11, 7.1 A.1.2 Shearing hazard Folding or unfolding of the boom, calibrat

43、ion, failure of control system 4.4, 4.8, 5.1.4 5.1, 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 7.1 A.1.3 Cutting or severing hazard Folding or unfolding of the boom, calibration 4.1, 4.14.5, 6.4 5.1, 5.3.2 A.1.4 Entanglement hazard Drawing-in by the fan, power take-off drive shaft 4.1, 4.14.5, 5.1.4, 5.2 5.1, 5.7 A.1.6 Impact h

44、azard Movement of the boom when it is folded in transport position, insufficient clearance zone when hitching 4.1, 4.14.3, 5.1.4, 5.2 5.1, 5.3.2, 5.11 A.1.9 High pressure fluid ejection hazard Rupture of pressurized components (e.g. hoses) 4.10.2 5.6, 5.8 A.2 Electrical hazards A.2.2 Contact of pers

45、ons with live parts (direct contact) or with parts which have become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) Contact of the boom with overhead power line 5.3.2, 7.1, 7.2 A.4 Hazards generated by noise 4.2, 8.1.q), Annex B 5.13 A.5 Hazards generated by materials and substances A.5.1 Hazards r

46、esulting from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts Contact with chemical products (when spraying with self-propelled machines with front booms, filling or draining the spray tank, handling) 4.10, 4.12, 5.4, 5.6, 8.1 5.1, 5.3.1, 5.4, , 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.12 A.6 H

47、azards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design A.6.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive efforts High actuating forces for adjusting the height of the boom, inadequate location of the filling hole of the spray tank, insufficient clearance zone when hitching 4.4.3, 4.4.5, 4.5.1,

48、4.5.1.2.3, 4.14.3, 5.2 5.3.3, 5.4.1, 5.11 A.6.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy Inadequate location of the filling hole of the spray tank, insufficient clearance zone when hitching 4.5.2.3, 4.6.1, 4.6.3, 5.1.1, 5.1.4, 5.1.5, 5.4.1, 5.11 A.6.7 Inadequate design, location or i

49、dentification of manual controls Inadequate location of the filling hole of the spray tank, contact of the boom 4.4, 4.6, 5.1.1, 6.1 5.3.2, 5.3.3, 5.9 ANSI/ASABE AD4254-6:2009 AUG2013 Copyright American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers 6 Table 1 (continued) No.aHazard, hazardous situation or hazardous event Origin Clause/subclause of ISO 4254-1:2008 Clause/subclause of this part of ISO 4254 A.8 Unexpected start-up A.8.2 Rest