【考研类试卷】考博英语-162及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-162 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.The precious manuscripts were hopelessly _ by long exposure in the cold, damp cellar.（分数：2.50）A.ruinedB.damagedC.destroyedD.harmed2.the board of the company has decided to _ its operation to include all aspects of the clothing busin

2、ess.（分数：2.50）A.extendB.enlargeC.expandD.amplify3.In the 1930“s, when millions of comic books were _ the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical.（分数：2.50）A.inundatingB.imitatingC.immolatingD.insulating4.One room schools, wi

3、th all subjects being taught to all grades at the same time, simply _ when better transportation permits specialized spaces and specialized teaching.（分数：2.50）A.resolvedB.absolvedC.dissolvedD.solved5.The country“s deficit that year _ to a record 169.8 billion dollars.（分数：2.50）A.soaredB.souredC.soredD

4、.sourced6.Melissa is a computer _ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.（分数：2.50）A.geniusB.virusC.diseaseD.bacteria7.At the meeting, Smith argued _ in favor of the proposal.（分数：2.50）A.severelyB.warmlyC.forcefullyD.heavily8.His attention often _ at lectu

5、res, No wonder he failed the exam.（分数：2.50）A.branchedB.wonderedC.wanderedD.went out9.It“s often a mistake to _ appearance: that poor-looking individual is anything but poor. In fact, he is a millionaire.（分数：2.50）A.go overB.go byC.go againstD.go for10.He doesn“t seem to be able to _ any interest in h

6、is studies.（分数：2.50）A.make upB.work upC.turn upD.use up11.When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them _.（分数：2.50）A.offB.asideC.outD.down12.The wealth of a country should be measured _ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produ

7、ce.（分数：2.50）A.in line withB.in terms ofC.in regard withD.by means of13.He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any _ on what he promises.（分数：2.50）A.faithB.beliefC.creditD.reliance14.My students found the book _; it provided them with an abundance of information on the subject.（分数：2.50）

8、A.enlighteningB.confusingC.distractingD.amusing15.Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _ down the economy.（分数：2.50）A.putB.settleC.dragD.knock16.In this factory the machines are not regulated _ but are jointly controlled by a central computer system.（

9、分数：2.50）A.independentlyB.individuallyC.irrespectivelyD.irregularly17.Every chemical change either results from energy being sued to produce the change, or causes energy to be _ in some form.（分数：2.50）A.given offB.put outC.set offD.used up18.The waste pipe is blocked; try _ it out with hot water, or j

10、ust call the plumper to do it.（分数：2.50）A.blushingB.crushingC.brushingD.flushing19.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who _ turns out to be of high IQ.（分数：2.50）A.eventuallyB.automatically

11、C.decidedlyD.inversely20.She was so _ in her work that she didn“t notice me when I came in the room.（分数：2.50）A.suffocatedB.dippedC.immersedD.submerged21.Bank notes are not usually _ into gold nowadays.（分数：2.50）A.invertedB.revertibleC.convertibleD.diverting22.I _ you that the goods will be delivered

12、next week.（分数：2.50）A.insistB.confirmC.assureD.ensure23.The manager just _ his resignation to the board meeting yesterday and today another one took his place.（分数：2.50）A.sent upB.sent offC.sent outD.sent in24.As a lawyer _ for his good judgment and eloquence, he is often invited to those grand banque

13、ts and meets those distinguished people from all circles.（分数：2.50）A.notoriousB.notableC.nastyD.notified25.The cultures of China and Japan have shared many features, but each has used them according to its national _.（分数：2.50）A.personalityB.temperamentC.interestD.destiny26.Our journey was slow becaus

14、e the train stopped _ at different villages.（分数：2.50）A.graduallyB.continuouslyC.constantlyD.continually27.When he realized the police had spotted him, the man _ the exit as quickly as possible.（分数：2.50）A.made forB.made outC.made up toD.made way28.The annual _ of the department store starts tomorrow.

15、（分数：2.50）A.stockingB.stocktakingC.stockpilingD.stockholding29.Remember to ask for a _ of quality for these goods; otherwise they will not offer any maintenance.（分数：2.50）A.warrantyB.promiseC.certificateD.receipt30.In many countries tobacco and medicine are government _.（分数：2.50）A.controlB.monopolyC.b

16、usinessD.belongings31.It is _ of you to turn down the radio while your sister is still ill in bed.（分数：2.50）A.considerableB.considerateC.concernedD.careful32.Although the accident did very little _ to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time.（分数：2.50）A.demolishmentB.ruinC.dest

17、ructionD.damage33.He offered to _ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.（分数：2.50）A.helpB.showC.lendD.borrow34.If we don“t stop flirting with those deathly nuclear weapons, the Whole globe will be _.（分数：2.50）A.empoweredB.punishedC.pollutedD.annihilated35.One of the important prope

18、rties of a scientific theory is its ability to _ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.（分数：2.50）A.inventB.stimulateC.renovateD.advocate36.When in his rebellious years, that is when he was sixteen or eighteen, Frank Anderson _ going around with a strange set of people and sta

19、ying out very late.（分数：2.50）A.took toB.took upC.took onD.took in37.Despite his occasional fondness for gambling, he is still considered as a good boy _.（分数：2.50）A.as the wholeB.for the wholeC.by the wholeD.on the whole38.We“ve _ sugar. Ask Mrs. Jones to lend us some.（分数：2.50）A.run away withB.run out

20、 ofC.run offD.run down39.I can“t _ him from his brother. They look very much alike.（分数：2.50）A.keepB.separateC.distinguishD.prevent40._ David loves his daughters, he is strict with them.（分数：2.50）A.IfB.AlthoughC.WhenD.For考博英语-162 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.The precious m

21、anuscripts were hopelessly _ by long exposure in the cold, damp cellar.（分数：2.50）A.ruined B.damagedC.destroyedD.harmed解析：解析 在本题中，A 项 ruin意为“毁坏”，B 项 damage意为“损坏”，C 项 destroy意为“摧毁”，D 项 harm意为“损害，伤害”。这四个词意思接近，但用法不同。首先排除 D项，因为 harm的宾语往往是人或人的“感情、名誉、健康、关系”等，而句中的主语是 manuscripts(手稿)，所以不合适。其余三项中只有 A项最合适，为本题的正

22、确答案。2.the board of the company has decided to _ its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.（分数：2.50）A.extendB.enlargeC.expand D.amplify解析：解析 本题也是近义词辨析，四个选项的动词都有“扩大”的意思，但要跟后面的宾语“operation”搭配，只有 C项的 expand适合。所以 C项为本题正确答案。3.In the 1930“s, when millions of comic books were _ the young

23、 with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical.（分数：2.50）A.inundating B.imitatingC.immolatingD.insulating解析：解析 句子大意为：20 世纪 30年代，当成千上万的漫画书用打斗和杀戮淹没了年轻一代时，没有人意识到其实街道上汽车的暴力损害更疯狂一些。A 项 inundate“淹没，泛滥，使充满”；B 项imitate“模仿，仿效，仿制，仿造”；C 项 immolat

24、e“牺牲，献出，献祭”；D 项 insulate“使绝缘，隔离”。所以 A项符合题意。4.One room schools, with all subjects being taught to all grades at the same time, simply _ when better transportation permits specialized spaces and specialized teaching.（分数：2.50）A.resolvedB.absolvedC.dissolved D.solved解析：解析 句子大意为：当较好的交通设施提供了专业的教学空间和专业化教学时

25、，这种只有一间教室，同时教所有年级所有科目的学校就被解散了。A 项 resolve“决心，决定，决心要”；B 项absolve“宣布免除”；C 项 dissolve“解散，使终结”；D 项 solve“解决，解答”；所以 C项符合题意。5.The country“s deficit that year _ to a record 169.8 billion dollars.（分数：2.50）A.soared B.souredC.soredD.sourced解析：解析 句子大意为：那一年，这个国家的赤字突然飙升到 1698亿美元的纪录。A 项 soar“飙升，骤然上升”；B 项 sour“发酵，

26、变酸，厌烦”；C 项 sore“弄伤”；D 项 source“发起，寻求来源”。所以 A项符合题意。6.Melissa is a computer _ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.（分数：2.50）A.geniusB.virus C.diseaseD.bacteria解析：解析 本题空格处讲的是 Melissa是一种电脑病毒。computer virus 的意思是“电脑病毒”；genius的意思是“天才，天赋”；disease 的意思是“疾病”；bact

27、eria 的意思是“细菌”。只有 B项符合题意。7.At the meeting, Smith argued _ in favor of the proposal.（分数：2.50）A.severelyB.warmlyC.forcefully D.heavily解析：解析 本题中四个副词的意思分别是：A 项“严厉地”；B 项“热情地”；C 项“强有力地”；D项“严重地，剧烈地”。根据句子的意思，只有 C项适合，所以 C项为本题正确答案。8.His attention often _ at lectures, No wonder he failed the exam.（分数：2.50）A.bra

28、nchedB.wonderedC.wandered D.went out解析：解析 根据此题中两句话的意思，可得知：他上课时注意力不集中，所以考试没通过。这 4个选项中的动词，能与主语 attention搭配的动词只有 C项(wander 意为“走神”)。所以 C项为正确答案。9.It“s often a mistake to _ appearance: that poor-looking individual is anything but poor. In fact, he is a millionaire.（分数：2.50）A.go overB.go by C.go againstD.g

29、o for解析：解析 本题以 go为中心词的四个短语动词的意思分别为：A 项 go over“浏览，查看”；B 项 go by“经过，根据做出判断”；C 项 go against“反对，对不利”；D 项 go for“去，选择”。根据句子的意思，只有 B项适合，所以 B项为正确答案。10.He doesn“t seem to be able to _ any interest in his studies.（分数：2.50）A.make upB.work up C.turn upD.use up解析：解析 本题有四个以 up结尾的短语动词，意思各不相同。A 项的 make up意为“组成，弥补

30、”；B项的 work up意为“逐渐达到，激发出”；C 项的 turn up意为“出现，开大”；D 项的 use up意为“用光，筋疲力尽”。根据句子的上下文，只有 B项可以与后面的宾语 any interest构成符合逻辑的搭配，所以 B项为本题的正确答案。11.When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them _.（分数：2.50）A.off B.asideC.outD.down解析：解析 lay off 表示“解雇”。B 项 lay aside表示“留出，把留待后用”；C 项 la

31、y out表示“安排，摆开”；D 项 lay down表示“放下；制定”。12.The wealth of a country should be measured _ the health and happiness of its people as well as the material goods it can produce.（分数：2.50）A.in line withB.in terms of C.in regard withD.by means of解析：解析 in terms of 表示“根据，按照”。A 项 in line with表示“跟一致，符合”；C 项in rega

32、rd with不是正确搭配；D 项 by means of表示“依靠，用”。13.He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any _ on what he promises.（分数：2.50）A.faithB.beliefC.creditD.reliance 解析：解析 reliance 表示“信赖，依靠”。place reliance on 是常用搭配。其余 3个词后面都不能接 on。14.My students found the book _; it provided them with an abundance of

33、information on the subject.（分数：2.50）A.enlightening B.confusingC.distractingD.amusing解析：解析 enlightening 表示“使人受启发的”，与后面半句意思相符。B 项 confusing表示“令人迷惑的”；C 项 distracting表示“分散注意力的”；D 项 amusing表示“逗人乐的”。15.Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _ down the econom

34、y.（分数：2.50）A.putB.settleC.drag D.knock解析：解析 drag down 表示“拖垮，拖后腿”。A 项 put down表示“放下；降落”；B 项 settle down表示“定居，平静下来”；D 项 knock down表示“击倒，撞倒”。16.In this factory the machines are not regulated _ but are jointly controlled by a central computer system.（分数：2.50）A.independentlyB.individually C.irrespectivel

35、yD.irregularly解析：解析 individually 表示“单独地”，与后面的 jointly相呼应。A 项 independently表示“独立地”；C 项 irrespectively表示“不顾一切地”；D 项 irregularly表示“不定期地，不规则地”。17.Every chemical change either results from energy being sued to produce the change, or causes energy to be _ in some form.（分数：2.50）A.given off B.put outC.set o

36、ffD.used up解析：解析 given off 表示“释放，放出”。B 项 put out表示“扑灭，生产”；C 项 set off表示“动身，开始”；D 项 used表示“用光，用完”。18.The waste pipe is blocked; try _ it out with hot water, or just call the plumper to do it.（分数：2.50）A.blushingB.crushingC.brushingD.flushing 解析：解析 在四个选项中，A 项 blush的意思是“(因害羞，尴尬等而)脸红”，B 项 crush的意思是“压碎，压坏

37、；碾碎；榨；弄皱”，C 项 brush的意思是“刷；(用毛笔)写；(用画笔)画；擦过，掠过”，D项 flush的意思是“用水冲洗”。根据题意，D 项为正确答案。19.Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who _ turns out to be of high IQ.（分数：2.50）A.eventually B.automatical

38、lyC.decidedlyD.inversely解析：解析 在四个选项中，A 项 eventually的意思是“最后，终于”，B 项 automatically的意思是“自动地”，C 项 decidedly的意思是“确定地，断然地，明确地”，D 项 inversely的意思是“相反地，倒转地”。根据题意，A 项为正确答案。20.She was so _ in her work that she didn“t notice me when I came in the room.（分数：2.50）A.suffocatedB.dippedC.immersed D.submerged解析：解析 在四个

39、选项中，A 项 suffocate的意思是“使窒息；把闷死，扼制，压制阻碍”，B项 dip的意思是“浸，泡”，C 项 immerse的意思是“使埋首于，使深陷于(+in)”，D 项 submerge的意思是“把浸入水中，淹没”。根据题意，C 项为正确答案。21.Bank notes are not usually _ into gold nowadays.（分数：2.50）A.invertedB.revertibleC.convertible D.diverting解析：解析 这道题的四个选项词干和词尾相近，但意义相差很远。它们的词义为：A 项“颠倒的”；B项“可回复的”；C 项“(货币、证券

40、等的)可兑换的”；D 项“有趣的”。这句话是讲一国的中央银行发行的纸币与黄金的关系，因此 C项最适合，是本题的正确答案。22.I _ you that the goods will be delivered next week.（分数：2.50）A.insistB.confirmC.assure D.ensure解析：解析 本题的四个选项为动词，其含义分别为：A 项为“坚持，坚决认为”。该动词后面不能跟人称代词做间接宾语，所以应首先排除。B 项为“确认”，通常也不用人称代词做间接宾语。C 项为“使确信，向保证”，后面可跟人称代词做间接宾语。而且，词义也符合上下文的要求，为本题的正确答案。D 项

41、为“保证”，后面也可跟人称代词做间接宾语，但后面不能同时跟 that引导的宾语从句，所以D项不合适。本题的正确答案是 C项。23.The manager just _ his resignation to the board meeting yesterday and today another one took his place.（分数：2.50）A.sent upB.sent offC.sent outD.sent in 解析：解析 本题的四个选项是由 send为中心词构成的动词短语。A 项的意思是“上升”，B 项意为“邮寄，送别”，C 项为“送货，发函”，D 项为“呈送，提交”。根据句

42、子的意思，D 项为正确答案。24.As a lawyer _ for his good judgment and eloquence, he is often invited to those grand banquets and meets those distinguished people from all circles.（分数：2.50）A.notoriousB.notable C.nastyD.notified解析：解析 四个选项中，A 项 notorious的意思是“恶名昭彰的，声名狼藉的”，B 项 notable的意思是“著名的，显要的”，C 项 nasty的意思是“龌龊的，令

43、人作呕的，使人难受的”，D 项 notify的意思是“通知，告知，报告”。根据题意 B项为正确答案。25.The cultures of China and Japan have shared many features, but each has used them according to its national _.（分数：2.50）A.personalityB.temperament C.interestD.destiny解析：解析 本题的四个名词意思不同。A 项为“(各人的)个性”，B 项为“性格，性情”，C 项为“兴趣，利益”，D 项为“命运”。根据本句的意思，B 项为最佳选择。

44、26.Our journey was slow because the train stopped _ at different villages.（分数：2.50）A.graduallyB.continuouslyC.constantlyD.continually 解析：解析 本题的四个副词中，尽管有三个以 con-开头，但意思都不相同。A 项为“逐渐地”，B 项为“连续不断地，接连地”，C 项为“不断地”，D 项为“一再，老是”。A 项明显不符合题意。B、C、D三项意思似乎很相近，但 B项有“持续不停”的意思，用来描述下雨或咳嗽较适合，用来描述句中的火车停站不适合。C 项则有频率很高、始终

45、如一的意思，也不适合。只有 D项最适合。27.When he realized the police had spotted him, the man _ the exit as quickly as possible.（分数：2.50）A.made for B.made outC.made up toD.made way解析：解析 本题的四个选项是以 make为中心词的短语动词。A 项的意思为“快速走向，朝前进”，B项为“理解，领悟，辨认出”，C 项为“讨好，巴结”的意思，D 项为“让路，腾出地方，前进”。A、D 项似乎都符合题意，但 D项后必须跟介词“to”表示方向才行，所以只有 A项适合

46、。28.The annual _ of the department store starts tomorrow.（分数：2.50）A.stockingB.stocktaking C.stockpilingD.stockholding解析：解析 这道题是测试考生对词形相近而词义不同的四个单词的理解能力。A 项的词义是“备货”，B项的意思是“盘点存货”，C 项意为“储备”，D 项意为“持有股票或证券”。根据这句话上下文的意思，只有 B项适合，所以 B项为本题的正确答案。29.Remember to ask for a _ of quality for these goods; otherwise

47、 they will not offer any maintenance.（分数：2.50）A.warranty B.promiseC.certificateD.receipt解析：解析 这也是一道测试词义的题目。A 项的意思为“(商品或产品的)保单、保证书”，B 项为“许诺”，C 项为“证书”，D 项为“收据，发票”。根据上下文，A 项为正确答案。30.In many countries tobacco and medicine are government _.（分数：2.50）A.controlB.monopoly C.businessD.belongings解析：解析 这道题的四个选项

48、都是名词，其词义分别为：A 项“控制”；B 项“垄断，专卖”；C 项“事务，生意”；D 项“财物，行李”。根据上下文，B 项最适合，是本题的正确答案。31.It is _ of you to turn down the radio while your sister is still ill in bed.（分数：2.50）A.considerableB.considerate C.concernedD.careful解析：解析 四个选项的意思为：A 项 considerable意为“重大的，很多的”；B 项 considerate意为“考虑周到的，体贴的”；C 项 concerned表示“担心的”；D 项 careful表示“小心的”。只有 B项适合，为本题的正确答案。32.Although the accident did very little _ to the car, I still suggest that you drive more