EN 13298-2003 en Railway applications Suspension components Helical suspension springs steel《轨道交通 悬挂零部件 螺旋钢制悬挂弹簧》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13298:2003 Railway applications - buspension components - Helical suspension springs, steel The European Standard EN 13298:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICs 21.160; 45.060.01 British Standards NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW B

2、S EN 13298:2003 Amd. No. ISBN O 580 41460 4 National foreword Date Comments This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13298:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee RAE/3, Railway rolling stock material, to Subcommittee RAE/3/-/4,

3、Suspension components, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible internationaUEuropean committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European develo

4、pments and promulgate them in the UK. - - - A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalog

5、ue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its corre

6、ct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the of the Standards Policy and Stratew Committee on Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title pag

7、e, pages 2 to 46, an inside back cover and a back cover. 21 March 2003 The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication O BSI 21 March 2003 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13298 March 2003 ICs 21.1

8、60; 45.060.01 English version Railway applications - Suspension components - Helical suspension springs, steel Applications ferroviaires - Elments de suspension - Ressorts de compression hlicodaux, en acier Bahnanwendungen - Federungselemente - Schrauben- Druckfedern aus Stahl This European Standard

9、 was approved by CEN on 29 November 2002 CEN members are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such

10、 national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and

11、 notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia,

12、 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels O 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN na

13、tional Members. Ref. No. EN 13298:2003 E EN 13298:2003 (E) Contents page Foreword 4 1 2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 4 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 9 10 Scope 5 Normative references 5 Terms. symbols. units and their abbreviations 6 Terms 6 Symbols. uni

14、ts and their abbreviations . 7 Definition of the geometrical characteristics 9 Classification of the product 10 Requirements . 10 Service conditions . 10 Functional requirements . 10 Essential requirements . 16 Product specification 17 Technical specification . 17 Design characteristics . 18 Materia

15、l 19 Mechanical characteristics of the spring 20 Surface protection . 21 Test methods 21 General 21 Axial force-deflection testing 21 Transverse stiffness test . 22 Test of free transverse deflection 24 Test of geometrical characteristics . 24 Test of general and essential requirements 25 Mechanical

16、 requirements 26 Surface protection . 26 Quality of the product 27 General 27 Product qualification procedures and samples 27 Final acceptance requirements 29 Non conformity . 30 Marking . 31 Packaging . 31 Control and monitoring of production quality 28 Annex A (normative) Helical cylindrical compr

17、ession springs with constant inclination. formed from cylindrical steel bars and featuring formed and ground ends 32 A.l Object 32 A.2 Inner and outer diameters . 32 A.3 Ends of the spring . 33 A.4 Contact line . 33 AS Geometrical tolerances . 33 A.6 Distance between the coils . 35 Annex B (normativ

18、e) Materials for hot formed and treated helical suspension springs 38 B.l General 38 B.2 2 Material for helical suspension springs. steel 38 EN 13298:2003 (E) Annex C (normative) Repeatability of prestressing by means of shot peening 39 C.l Object 39 C.2 Check of the intensity 39 C.3 Check of the co

19、vering . 42 Annex D (normative) Examination for inclusions . 43 D.l Object 43 D.2 Test methods 43 Annex E (normative) Magnetic detection of surface imperfections of helical springs formed from cylindrical steel bars . 45 E.l Object 45 E.2 Methods 45 E.3 Special precautions . 45 Bibliography 46 3 EN

20、13298:2003 (E) Foreword This document (EN 13298:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway Applications“ the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsem

21、ent, at the latest by September 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2003. In this European Standard the annexes A to E are normative. The preparation of this European Standard started in early 1992 with the aim to integrate the existing documents su

22、ch as UIC 822 (International Union of Railways) and internal documents of various railway companies into a concise standard. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgi

23、um, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 4 EN 13298:2003 (E) 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to helical steel suspension

24、 springs used in the suspension of rail vehicles. It deals specially with cylindrical compression springs made from round section steel bars of constant diameter and with constant inclination of coiling. It deals also with helical springs with different shapes (e.g. conical and/or inclination of coi

25、ling not constant and/or steel bar with other cross sections, etc.). This standard gives guidance for: - design; - specification of technical and quality requirements; - the approval procedure and quality assurance of production methods; - the examinations and tests to be carried out; - the delivery

26、 conditions. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendment

27、s to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 473, Non-destructive testing - Qualification and certifica

28、tion of NDT personnel - General principles. EN 10002-1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part I: Method of test at ambient temperature. EN 10045-1, Metallic materials - Charpy impact test - Part I: Test methods. EN 10083-1, Quenched and tempered steels - Part I: Technical delivery conditions o

29、f special steels. EN 10228-1, Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part I: Magnetic particle inspection. prEN 10089: 1998, Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs - Technical delivery conditions. EN IS0 2162-1 :1996, Technical product documentation - Springs - Part I: Simplified r

30、epresentation (IS0 2162- I: 1993). EN IS0 2162-2:1996, Technical product documentation - Springs - Part 2: Presentation of data for cylindrical helical compression springs (IS0 2 162-2: 1996). EN IS0 21 62-3, Technical product documentation - Springs - Part: 3 Vocabulary (IS0 2162-3:1996). EN IS0 42

31、88, Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture (IS0 4288: 1996). EN IS0 10289, Methods for corrosion testing of metallic and other inorganic coatings on metallic substrates - Rating of test specimens and manu

32、factured articles subjected to corrosion tests (IS0 10289: 1999). 5 EN 13298:2003 (E) EN IS0 14284, Steel and iron - Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition (IS0 14284: 1996). IS0 4967: 1998, Steel - Determination of content of non-metallic inclusions - Micr

33、ographic method using standard diagrams. IS0 9227, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests. ISO/TR 1 O1 08, Steel - Conversion of hardness values to tensile strength values. IS0 10209-1, Technical product documentation - Vocabulary - Part I: Terms relating to technical drawings:

34、 general and types of drawings (IS0 10209-1: 1992). EURONORM 103, Iron and steel - Macrographic determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size of steels. EURONORM 1 04, Determination of the decarburization depth of unalloyed and low-alloy structural steels. UIC 51 5-4, Passenger rolling stoc

35、k - Trailer bogies - Running gear - Bogie frame structure strength test). DIN 50 602: 1985, Metallographic examination; microscopic examination of special steels using standard diagrams to assess the content of non-metallic inclusions.2 NF A 04-106:1984, Iron and steel - Methods of determination of

36、content of non metallic inclusions in wrought steel - Part II: Micrographic method using standard dia gram.) SS 11 11 16: 1987, Steel - Method for assessment of the content of non-metallic inclusions - Microscopic method - Jernkontorets inclusion chart II for the assessment of non-metallic inclusion

37、.) 3 Terms, symbols, units and their abbreviations 3.1 Terms For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN IS0 2162-3 and the following apply. 3.1 .I spring term ”helical suspension spring, steel” refers to the finished product. For simplification purposes, in the

38、 text of the present standard, the term ”spring” is used for all types of helical compression springs, made from steel, independent of their category 3.1.2 transverse deflection (bowing) natural transverse movement of the axis of the spring under an axial force, while the top and the bottom surface

39、of the spring remain parallel and the spring is free to move laterally. The transverse force Oc is the force required to move the spring back to the initial centred position ) Can be obtained from: UIC Direction Gnrale, 16 rue Jean Rey, F-75015 Paris. Can be purchased from: Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggr

40、afenstr. 6, 10772 D-Berlin. Can be purchased from: Association francaise de normalisation (AFNOR), 11, av. Francis de Pressens, F-93571 Aint- Can be purchased from: SIS-Standardiseringen i Sverige, box 64 55, S-I 1 3 82 Stockholm. 3, Denis La Plaine CEDEX. 4, 6 EN 13298:2003 (E) 3.1.3 clearance fact

41、or clearance between the active coils with reference to the wire diameter on a cylindrical helical spring with constant inclination, made with circular wire and featuring closed and ground ends 3.1.4 decarburization loss of carbon on the metal surface during the hot forming of the spring 3.1.5 space

42、 requirements volume occupied by the spring under its various operational conditions 3.1.6 creep loss of the spring length under a defined static or dynamic force in a defined time 3.1.7 contact line line located between each end coil and the adjacent active coil of the cylindrical helical spring wi

43、th constant inclination, made with circular wire and featuring closed and ground ends (form D according to IS0 2162-2), in the loaded condition 3.1.8 active coil complete spiral turn of the wire with constant diameter, which remains without contact with adjacent coils within the entire working envel

44、ope of the spring 3.2 Symbols, units and their abbreviations The majority of the symbols, used in this standard and described in Table 1, are in accordance with EN IS0 2162-2. 7 EN 13298:2003 (E) Table 1 - Symbols and their definition Symbol IUnit Description I Elongation at rupture Allowable deviat

45、ion of axial stiffness Diameter of the steel bar I Mean diameter of the winding (average coiling diameter) I Outer spring diameter Inner spring diameter Clearance between the active coils Axial static force, applied on the spring, with: Minimum operational force FA IN FB IN Maximum operational force

46、 Fcth IN Theoretical force, corresponding to the solid length of spring Defined test loads for determination of bowing (transverse displacement) Force at minimum allowable length FM IN FU IN Lower test force for determination of stiffness K, (or flexibility) FV IN Upper test force for determination

47、of stiffness K, (or flexibility) Earth acceleration (gravity) Shear modulus (default value is G = 79 O00 MPa) 2 I m/s G I MPa Lo Imm Free length of spring Length of the spring when subjected to an axial force 5, Length of the spring when subjected to the axial force FA Length of the spring when subj

48、ected to the axial force F, Solid length of spring Minimum allowable length of spring Lc I mm LM I mm Length of the spring when subjected to an axial force Fu Length of the spring when subjected to an axial force F, Number of active coils LV I mm n I- Total number of coils I IN Qi Transverse static

49、force, applied to the spring to produce a translation of (transverse displacement of the two supporting surfaces) Translation (transverse displacement of the two supporting surfaces Maximum possible transverse displacement (to bump stops) 8 EN 13298:2003 (E) Table 1 (continued) I Yield limit at 0,2% 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 - - - - - - 26 27 - MPa MPa N/m m rn R Ultimate strength (tensile strength) I KS Axial stiffness I I/Ks m m/N I Axial flexibility N/m m I Transverse stiffness I/Kf Transverse flexibility Axial displacement of the spring between two axial loads 5 Coe