ECA EIA-359-A-1985 Standard Colors for Color Identification and Coding.pdf

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1、ANSI/EIA-359-A-1684 dated 21 November 1984 with Addendum No. 1 dated 10 May 1988 was adopted on 10 January 1989 and is approved for use by the Department o Defense (DoD). The Electronic Industries Association (EIA) prepared the document. Copies of this document are stocked by the DoD Single Stock Po

2、int, Naval Publications and Forms Center, 5801 Tabor Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19120, for issue to DoD activities only. All other requestors must obtain documents from: Electronic Industries Association 2001 Eye Street - ._ Washington, DC 20006 - - =-. Title of Document: ETA Standard Colors for Color

3、 Identification and Coding Date of Specific Issue Adopted: 21 November 1984 Title of Addendum No. 1: Special Colors Date of Addendum Adopted: Releasing Non-Government Standards Body: 10 May 1988 Electronic Industries Association Custodians: Army - ER Navy - EC Air Force - 85 Military Coordinating Ac

4、tivity: . *- Army - ER . (Project? 59GP-0078) 9 AMSC N/A FSG 59GP DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; A_ dictributiqn is unlimited. - y_y- *- .- , - -A-p - 1 THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PASES. - _- = _- _ - - I_ .- - I c I l ANSI/EIA- 359-A-1984 APPROVED NOVEMBER 21, 1984 EIA STANDARD

5、EIA STANDARD COLORS FOR COLOR IDENTIFICATION AND CODING EI A-359-A (Revision of RS-359) January, 1985 Engineering Deportment ELECTRONIC INDUSTRW ASSOCIATION i .- e EIA 359-A 85 m 2595532 0053468 b .I “ ._. 2. ? NOTICE EIA . Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public inte

6、rest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement. of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for his particular need. Existence of such Standards and Pub- li

7、cations shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of EIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications, nor shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by those other than EIA members, whether the sta

8、ndard is to be used either domestically or internationally. Recommended Standards and publications are adopted by EIA without regard to whether or not their adoption may involve patents on articles, materials, or processes. By such action, EIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor d

9、oes it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Recom- mended Standard or Publication. 1 _ This EIA Recommended Standard is considered to have international stand- ardization implications, but the IEC activity has not progressed to the point where a valid comparison between the EIA Rec

10、ommended Standard and the IEC Recommendation can be made. Published by ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION Engineering Department 2001 Eye Street, N.W. Washington, D. C. 20006 Copyright 1985 ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION . All rights reserved PRICE: $9.00 Printed in U.S.A. -7 s 4 EIA 357-A 5 W 259

11、5512 00537b7 8 APPLICATION NOTE FOR EIA-359-A As noted in Section 4 of EIA-359-A compliance with this Standard may be accomplished through using Visual Reference Standards, or through the use of color measuring instruments (spectrophotometers, colorimeters). If the user of this Standard does not hav

12、e, or does not wish to use color measuring instruments, Visual Reference Standards (designed to be used with EIA-359-A) are available from the Electronic Industries Association. These Visual Reference Standards consist of color tolerance charts for the ten standard colors. Each chart is made up usin

13、g 9 to 13 color chips of slightly differing color with an indication of a Centroid color and a circle indicating the Component Limits of color deviations. This method of presenta- tion allows visual matching of a test color with the Visual Reference Standard color chart and an accurate subjective ju

14、dgment can be made concerning whether or not the test color falls within the color tolerances expressed in EIA-359-A. Additionally, the Visual Reference Standards include large color panels of the Centroid colors for the ten colors. A complete set of Visual Reference Standards is bound in a three-ri

15、ng loose-leaf binder and is published by the Electronic Industries Association, Standard Sales Office. t Regarding the referencing of EIA-359 in Department of Defense Standards, ANSI/EIA RS-359 is called out in MIL-STD-1285, Marking of Electrical and Electronic Parts. Section 4.5.2 of this document

16、indicates that color codes for part indentification marking shall conform within the Component Limits (formerly “preferred limits“) of the Centroid colors specified in ANSI/EIA RS-359. Also it should be noted that MIL-STD-104, Limits for Electrical Insulation Color, indicates (a) that Class I colors

17、 shall be colors defined by EIA Standard RS-359, and (b) that Class I colors are applicable to all insulation materials which will accept bright, highly saturated (high chroma) pigments, and (c) that, in general, plastic insulation intended for use where exposure to direct sunlight is infrequent can

18、 be furnished with Class I colors. p“ -. (- i i EIA 357-A 85 W 2575532 0053770 EIA STANDARD COLORS FOR COLOR IDENTIFICATION AND CODING TABLE OF CONTENTS Background . 1 1.0 General 1 2.0 Scope 1 3.0 Definitions. Symbols and Abbreviations . 2 3.1 Munsell System . 2 3.1.1 Hue 3 3.1.1.1 Munsell Hue . 3

19、3.1.2 Value; . 3 3.1.2.1 Munsell Value . 4 3.1.3 Chroma . 4 3.1.3.1 Munsell Chroma 5 3.2 Color Tolerance Notations 5 3.2.1 Centroid 5 3.2.2 Preferred Limits . 5 3.2.3 Extended Limits 5 3.3 Numerical Significance and Abbreviations for Standard Colors 6 4.0 Methods of Measurement and Test Procedures .

20、 6 4.1 Instrumental . 6 4.2 Visual . 7 . 4.2.1 Color Vision and Aptitude Testing 7 -4.2.2 Light Sources 7 4.2.3 Illuminating and Viewing Conditions 7 4.2.4 Visual Reference Standards . 8 5.0 Standard Colors and Limits . 8 References . 10 5.1 Table of Limits . Munsell Notation . 11 5.2 Standard-Color

21、 Chips Defined in Munsell Notation . 12 Notation 12 Notation . 12 5.2.1 Component Limit Chips Defined in Munsell 5.2.2 Wire and Cable Limit Chips Defined in Munsell 5.3 Standard Color Chips Defined in CIE Data . 13 5.3.1 Component Limit Chips Defined in CIE Data 13 5.3.2 Wire and Cable Limit Chips D

22、efined in CIE Data . 14 ) Y 1 . ii . 4 . t b EIA 357-A 85.- 2595532 0053971 h m EIA-359-A Page 1 EIA STANDARD COLORS FOR COLOR Co - . IDENTIFICATION AND CODING (From .EIA Standard RS-359 and Standards Proposal No. 1643-A, formulated under the cognizance of the EIA Committee on Colors and Numbers. )

23、BACKGROUND This Standard supersedes EIA Standard RS-359 , “EIA Standard Colors for Color Identification and Coding,“ with associated standard color swatches. EIA RS-359 replaced several earlier standards (e.g. , GEN- 101-A) used for electronic components and for wire and cable insulation. All colors

24、 in the prior issue of this standard are included within the color ranges mandated by this revision, now identified as EIA-359-A. 1.0 GENERAL This is a color coding standard. It defines the color ranges used to identify electronic components, equipment, and wire and cable insulation, and establishes

25、 a standard color-number relationship. Materials to be color coded are separated into two categories, and nominal colors and tolerance ranges are established for each. Both categories have the same nominal colors, but the tolerance ranges are different, so that the tighter tolerances fall wholly wit

26、hin the more liberal tolerance ranges. Tests for conformance may be instrumental or visual. . For instrumental testing, categories of test instruments are specified. For visual testing, specialized color charts are Specified, and these are available as an adjunct to the standard. 2.0 SCOPE The color

27、s defined in this standard are intended to be applied to the marking of electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, and wires in a manner described in the EIA Standards for these components. In addition, the use of these colors is recommended for identification of terminals and circuit func

28、tions, and any other application where the relation of color to numbers or functions is felt necessary. The object is to reduce errors or misunderstandings which may result from improper selection or interpretation of colors. EIA 357-A 5 I 2595532 0053972 W , S EIA- 359-A Page 2 3.0 DEFINITIONS, SYM

29、BOLS, AND ABBREVIATIONS . ) The color specificatins for this standard are in terms of visual color tlttributes of Hue, Value, and Chroma of The Munsell System . The Munsell System provides a simple alternative to the more precise and more complex method of color 3pecification based on spectrophotome

30、try and the CIE System. Chromaticity coordinates in the CIE system of Y, x and y are included in this standard for the specified colors for those who may wish to. determine conformance to this standard by instrumental measurements. 3.1 Munsell System The Munsell System and its notation is based upon

31、 the dimensions of a surface-color-perception solid, In this solid, the central vertical axis represents the grays, extending from black at the bottom to white at the top. The lightness of a color perceived as chromatic (nongray) determines the gray to which it is equivalent, and is represented in t

32、he color splid by distance above the base plane. (See Figure 1.) WHITE It - BLUE YELLOW BLACK FIGURE 1 DIMENSIONS OF THE SURFACE-COLOR-PERCEPTION SOLID i EIA 357-A 5 0 2575532 0053773 T - EIA-359-A Page 3 Hue is represented by the angular position about this axis; saturation is represented by perpen

33、dicular distance from the axis. If the observer has normal color vision, is adapted to daylight, and views the specimens illuminated by average daylight on a middle gray to white background, the Munsell Hue, Value and Chroma of the specimen correlate well with the observers percep- tion of hue, .lig

34、htness and saturation. The Munsell Color Notation consists of a system of let- ters or numbers, or both, by which the color of any opaque object may be specified with respect to Munsell Hue, H, Munsell Value, V, and Munsell Chroma Cy written in the form H V/C (e.g., 2.5R 4/12, the Centroid color for

35、 red). 3.1.1 Eue - the attribute of color perception by means of which an object is judged to be red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple or intermediate between some adjacent pair of these. RED FIGURE 2 HUE SYMBOLS AND THEIR RELATION TO ONE ANOTHER EIA-359-A Page 4 EIA 357-A 5 B 2575512 0053774 I W

36、 3.1.1.1 Hunsell Eue - the attribute of an object, in Munsell terms, which correlates with the perceived hue of the object. A letter-number system is used to designate the hue. Where this standard specifies that hue may vary from one hue to another, it refers to a segment of the color chart, Figure

37、2, going in a clockwise direction from the first to the second hue mentioned. Color chips illustrating any single color use the symbols H-, H-, Centroid, H+, Hft to designate clockwise traverse around Figure 2 in the successive steps named. A breakdown into 100 hues is indicated by the outer circle

38、of markings. Each hue family is divided into four parts. Further subdivisions are made on a decimal basis as required. 3.1.2 Value . (Also referred to as lightness or reflectance) - the attribute of color perception by means of which an object is judged to reflect more or less light than another obj

39、ect. 3.1.2.1 nunsell Value - the daylight reflectance of a specimen expressed on a scale extending from O for ideal black to 10 for ideal white by steps of approximately equal visual importance. Value notations are written V/. Achromatic or neutral colors are designated N followed by the value notat

40、ions thus: N 5.0/. The order of in- creasing value, from dark to light, indicated by the successive symbols V -, V-, Centroid, V-F, Vi+. 3.1.3 Chroma (Saturation) - the attribute of color perception that expresses the degree- of departure from the gray of the same lightness. All ideal neutral achrom

41、atic grays have zero saturation. I. . . .- . . - - . - - EIA 357-A 5 m 2575532 0053775 3 m EIA- 359-A Page 5 3.1.3.1 Elunsel1 Chroma - the departure of a color from a gray having the same Munsell Value, expressed on a scale extending from zero, by steps of approximately equal visual impor- tance, to

42、 about 20 for the stron- gest colored specimens producible. Chroma notations are written: /C, thus Chroma 5 is written: /5. The order of increasing Chroma, from gray to vivid, is indicated by the successive symbols C-, C-, Cen- troid, C+, Cff. 3.2 Color Tolerance Notations 3.2.1 Centroid - the desir

43、ed standard for each color around which Component and Wire the exact reverse of these conditions can be used. When viewing narrow stripes or small dots of color, a hand magnifier can be used to increase the size of the color area. Glossy specimens shall be oriented so that the gloss is not reflected

44、 in the eye. I -. . ._. _-I- EIA 357-A 85 0 2575532 0053778 7 - EIA- 359-A Page 8 4.2.4 Visual Reference Standards These standards consist of a collection of color tolerance . charts, one for each of the ten colors specified. Each chart displays the Centroid color and a number of limit colors around

45、 it, these limits differing from the Centroid in terms of the Munsell color attributes defined in 3.1. The color to be evaluated shall be compared successively to the Centroid and to each limit color to determine if it falls within the acceptable color region. The visual reference standards show, in

46、 the case of certain colors, two different limits for one or more attributes. The Component Limit is immediately adjacent to the Centroid. The Wire and Cable Limit, if different from the Component Limit, is one step removed in the same direction. 5.0 STANDARD COLORS AND LIMITS This section defines t

47、he standards for each c lor in terms of Munsell notation and in terms of CIE data. Table 5.1 is included in this standard to provide a ready reference to the evaluated and is not intended to define any specific color chip. Limits stated for each HUE shown in this table refer to a segment of the hue

48、circle, Figure 2. Limits are specified going in the clockwise direction ttFROM the hue shown in the first column “TO“ the hue in the second column for either the Component Limits or the Wire and Cable Limits, as appropriate. Limits of VALUE and CHROMA refer simply to the permissible range in magnitu

49、de of these two attributes. When an evaluation of a color is expressed in terms of Munsell Notation, compliance for each color attribute is satisfied if it is within the appropriate limits shown in Table 5.1. To meet the requirements of this standard, the color being evaluated shall be within the Component Limits or within the Wire and Cable Limits of the color region, as specified. specification limits for each of the three color attributes t. .J When instrumentational evaluation of a color has been expressed in terms of C