[外语类试卷]大学英语六级模拟试卷612及答案与解析.doc
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1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 612及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Invitation. You should write at least 150 words according to the outlines given below in Chinese: 1此次晚会的目的 2参加晚会的人员及晚会时间和地点 3希望老师能来参加 A Letter of Invitation 二、 Part II Reading Compreh
2、ension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark: Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the st
3、atement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Social Networking A large but long-in-the-tooth technology company hoping to become a bigger force in online advertising buys a small start-up in a sector that everybody agr
4、ees is the next big thing. A decade ago, this was Microsoft buying Hotmail-the firm that established web-based e-mail as a must-have service for internet users, and promised to drive up page views, and thus advertising inventory, on the software giants websites. This month it was AOL, a struggling w
5、eb portal (入口网站 ) that is part of Time Warner, an old-media giant, buying Bebo, a small but up-and-coming online social network, for $ 850m. Both deals, in their respective decades, illustrate a great paradox of the internet in that the premise underlying them is precisely half right and half wrong.
6、 The correct half is that a next big thing-web-mall then, social networking now-can indeed quickly become something that consumers expect from their favorite web portal. The non sequitur(推论,结论 ) is to assume that the new service will be a revenue-generating business in its own right. Web-mall has ce
7、rtainly not become a business. Admittedly, Google, Microsoft, Yahoo!, AOL and other providers of web-mall accounts do place advertisements on their web-mail offerings, but this is small beer. They offer e-mail-and volumes of free archival (档案的 ) storage unimaginable a decade ago-because the service,
8、 including its associated address book, calendar, and other features, is cheap to deliver and keeps consumers engaged with their brands and websites, making users more likely to visit affiliated pages where advertising is more effective. Social networking appears to be similar in this regard. The bi
9、g internet and media companies have bid up the implicit valuations of MySpace, Facebook and others. But that does not mean there is a working revenue model. Sergey Brin, Googles co-founder, recently admitted that Googles “social networking inventory as a whole“ was proving problematic and that the “
10、monetization work we were doing there didnt pan out as well as we had hoped“. Google has a contractual agreement with News Corp to place advertisements on its network, MySpace, and also owns its own network, Orkut. Clearly, Google is not making money from either. Facebook, now allied to Microsoft, h
11、as fared worse. Its grand attempt to redefine the advertising industry by pioneering a new approach to social marketing, called Beacon, failed completely. Facebooks idea was to inform a users friends whenever he bought something at certain online retailers, by running a small announcement inside the
12、 friends “news feeds“. In theory, this was to become a new recommendation economy, an algorithmic (算术的 ) form of word of mouth. In practice, users rebelled and privacy watchdogs cried foul. Mark Zuckerberg, Facebooks founder, admitted in December that “we simply did a bad job with this release“ and
13、apologized. So it is entirely conceivable that social networking, like web-mail, will never make oodles of money. That, however, in no way detracts from its enormous utility. Social networking has made explicit the connections between people, so that a thriving ecosystem of small programs can exploi
14、t this “social graph“ to enable friends to interact via games, greetings, video clips and so on. But should users really have to visit a specific website to do this sort of thing? “We will look back to 2008 and think that we had to go to a destination like Facebook or LinkedIn to be social,“ says Ch
15、arlene IA at Forrester Research, a consultancy. Future social networks, she thinks, “will be anywhere and everywhere we need and want them to be“. No more logging on to Facebook just to see the “news feed“ of updates from your friends; instead it will come straight to your e-mail inbox, RSS reader o
16、r instant messenger. No need to upload photos to Facebook to show them to friends, since those with privacy permissions in your electronic address book can automatically get them. The problem with todays social networks is that they are often closed to the outside web. The big networks have decided
17、to be “open toward independent programmers, to encourage them to write fun new software for them. But they are reluctant to become equally open towards their users, because the networks lofty valuations depend on maximizing their page views-so they maintain a tight grip on their users information, t
18、o ensure that they keep coming back. As a result, avid internet users often maintain separate accounts on several social networks, instant-messaging services, photo-sharing and blogging sites, and usually cannot even send simple messages from one to the other. They must invite the same friends to ea
19、ch service separately. It is a drag. Historically, online media tend to start this way. The early services, such as CompuServe, Prodigy or AOL, began as “walled gardens“ before they opened up to become websites. The early e-mail services could send messages only within their own walls (rather as Fac
20、ebooks messaging does today). Instant-messaging, too, started closed, but is gradually opening up. In social networking, this evolution is just beginning. Parts of the industry are collaborating in a “data portability workgroup“ to let people move their friend lists and other information around the
21、web. Others are pushing Open ID, a plan to create a single, federated sign-on system that people can use across many sites. The opening of social networks may now accelerate thanks to that older next big thing, webmail. As a technology, mall has come to seem rather old-fashioned. But Google, Yahoo!,
22、 Microsoft and other firms are now discovering that they may already have the ideal infrastructure (基础设施 ) for social networking in the form of the address books, in-boxes and calendars of their users. “E-mail in the wider sense is the most important social network,“ says David Ascher, who manages T
23、hunder-bird, a cutting-edge open-source e-mail application, for the Mozilla Foundation, which also oversees the popular Firefox web browser. That is because the extended in-box contains invaluable and dynamically updated information about human connections. On Facebook, a social graph notoriously de
24、teriorates after the initial thrill of finding old friends from school wears off. By contrast, an e-mail account has access to the entire address book and can infer information from the frequency and intensity of contact as it occurs. Joe gets e-malls from Jack and Jane, but opens only Janes; Joe ha
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