[外语类试卷]GRE（VERBAL）模拟试卷28及答案与解析.doc

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1、GRE（ VERBAL）模拟试卷 28及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Directions: Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five lettered or sets of words. Choose the word or set of words for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a wh

2、ole. 1 In the newly discovered gene, the change of a single unit of DNA converts the worm from a solitary forager into_diner. （ A） an intrepid （ B） a voracious （ C） a gregarious （ D） a nomadic （ E） a rapacious 2 Anthropologists noted that the two_ethnic groups_the same saints, worshipped in the same

3、 churches, and respected a past of shared values, despite their differences. （ A） salutary praised （ B） alienated rejected （ C） dominant isolated （ D） stentorian delineated （ E） coexistent venerated 3 It was a new era, one that was witnessing breathtaking transformations in traditional ways of life

4、and that demanded_transformations in the institutions and techniques of government. （ A） commensurate （ B） antediluvian （ C） peremptory （ D） fordable （ E） contemptible 4 Despite the_, Alzheimers researchers are still_about the prospects for immunization, though most agree that more results are neede

5、d from humans for us to truly understand immunizations effects. （ A） advances thrilled （ B） obstacles uncertain （ C） setback optimistic （ D） publicity divided （ E） pessimism unconvinced 5 True, he had diplomatic immunity as the assistant agricultural officer at the consulate, but the publicity and_o

6、f an arrest and interrogation, not to mention expulsion from the country, would hardly profit him. （ A） frolic （ B） diminishment （ C） festering （ D） comportment （ E） uproar 6 _by the surreality of history and the changes unleashed by the 60s, many writers in that era became_, withdrawing, turtlelike

7、, inside their own homes and heads. （ A） Repelled baroque （ B） Disregarded rococo （ C） Fascinated inconspicuous （ D） Intoxicated legant （ E） Flummoxed unobtrusive 7 Whoever said the_life is not worth living apparently never intended to go into book publishing, where there is almost no research and w

8、here much of the conventional wisdom is_of folklore, myth and wishful thinking. （ A） suffering a reproach （ B） illiterate a farra go （ C） inauspicious a rejection （ D） unassuming an example （ E） unexamined a pastiche SECTION 2 Directions: In each of the following questions, a related pair of words o

9、r phrases is followed by five lettered pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in the original pair. 8 ADDENDUM : DOCUMENT: （ A） duplication : original （ B） postscript : letter （ C） correspondence : epistolary （ D） canon : apoc

10、rypha （ E） epigraph : preface 9 CAVIL : CRITICIZE: （ A） chafe : scrub （ B） entice : lure （ C） mandate : require （ D） inundate : deluge （ E） assume : suppose 10 DEHYDRATE: WATER: （ A） infiltrate : insecurity （ B） wither : vitality （ C） ossify : strength （ D） desecrate : piety （ E） contaminate : viabi

11、lity 11 BREVITY : EPIGRAM: （ A） pith : epitaph （ B） wit : ode （ C） paucity: diatribe （ D） fame : aphorism （ E） distortion : caricature 12 WARNING : ADMONITORY : （ A） decision : ambiguous （ B） alibi : exculpatory （ C） deformity : congenital （ D） stratagem : antagonistic （ E） analysis : holistic 13 IN

12、SURGENT : REBEL : （ A） architect : renovate （ B） fallacy : distract （ C） quartermaster : maintain （ D） private : marshal （ E） provocateur : agitate 14 CISTERN : LIQUIDS : （ A） cantilever : crowbar （ B） stalagmite: grotto （ C） landfill : refuse （ D） armory : countermeasures （ E） breviary : wildlife 1

13、5 CONDENSATION : APHORISM : （ A） subversion: assertion （ B） invention: neologism （ C） exaggeration : caricature （ D） truncation : heuristics （ E） extradition : legislation 16 EARMARK : FUNDS : （ A） identify : culprit （ B） export : product （ C） schedule : time （ D） embezzle : bursar （ E） adjourn : me

14、eting SECTION 3 Directions: Each passage in this group is followed by questions based on its content. After reading a passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following a passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in the passage. 16 Scientists have long speculate

15、d as to the extent that inbreeding contributes to the decline and eventual extinction of large assimilated populations, most agreeing that in natural populations the impact of inbreeding depression on Line population survival is insignificant in comparison to that of demographic and (5) environmenta

16、l variables. While there is ample evidence of fitness reduction due to inbreeding depression in captivity, no field studies on natural populations have been conducted to test the proposed effect on extinction. However, Saccheri recently found in his study of a large metapopulation of the Glanville .

17、fritillary butterfly that extinction risk increased significantly (10) with decreasing heterozygosity, an indication of inbreeding, even after accounting for the effects of the relevant ecological factors. Rate of maturation, larval survival, adult longevity and egg-hatching rate were found to be ad

18、versely affected by inbreeding, and appear to be the fitness components underlying the relationship between inbreeding and extinction. One wonders, nevertheless, (15) how applicable these results would be to the increasing number of species with small isolated populations due to habitat loss and fra

19、gmentation. 17 Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? （ A） A common viewpoint is presented, its insufficiency is pointed out and a solution is suggested but qualified. （ B） A thesis is presented, and a scientific study is cited in support, then criticized. （ C） A ques

20、tion is articulated, two possible solutions are offered, then one is decided upon. （ D） A scientific study is explained, its results questioned, and a new thesis is formed. （ E） A thesis is articulated, then a scientific study is explained which leads to a new thesis. 18 If the phenomenon “extinctio

21、n risk increased significantly with decreasing heterozygosity“ (lines 9-10) agrees with the proposed effect on extinction, the passage assumes （ A） heterozygosity is an indicator of increasing inbreeding depression in assimilated metapopulations （ B） heterozygosity is unrelated to the degree of inbr

22、eeding depression in assimilated metapopulations （ C） heterozygosity is an indicator of decreasing inbreeding depression in isolated metapopulations （ D） heterozygosity is an indicator of increasing inbreeding depression in isolated metapopulations （ E） heterozygosity is an indicator of decreasing i

23、nbreeding depression in assimilated metapopulations 19 The authors attitude toward Saccheris study can be best described as one of （ A） qualified approval （ B） tempered suspicion （ C） mild disdain （ D） enthusiasm and optimism （ E） neutrality and disinterest 20 According to the passage, inbreeding af

24、fects all of the following aspects of Glanville fritillary butterfly biology EXCEPT （ A） Habitat loss （ B） Incubation success （ C） Physical being of larvae （ D） Life span of adults （ E） Rate of maturation 20 Society is generally amenable to subsidizing sciences expensive machinery, which at some poi

25、nt will provide civilization with another advance on the scale of relativity theory, but such heedless optimism can mislead one Line into the notion that the aim of science is to find the “meaning“ of the world. (5) That there must be a meaning seems certain, for otherwise there could be no such a t

26、hing as progress, but we must also acknowledge that as science keeps uncovering more and more secrets, it progresses in the way that computations in the infinitesimal calculus keep approaching nearer and nearer to infinity without ever getting there, and we must not assume that progress should seek

27、a (10) final end to the quest for knowledge. The amateur scientist Goethe, though vehemently and mistakenly opposed to Newtons mechanistic model of reality, demonstrated the dangers of his co/leagues positivist approach, for though his science was bad science, his scientific writings are not bad phi

28、losophy. Goethe demanded that science should (15) always hold to the human scale, opposing the use of the microscope on the grounds that what cannot be seen with the naked eye should not be seen, that what is hidden from us is hidden for a purpose. In this, Goethe was a scandal among scientists, who

29、se first, firm, and necessary principle is that if something can be done, it should he, and his furious denial of Newton was more than (20) merely the bloodshot jealousy of one great mind drawing a bead on another. Goethes theory of light is wrong insofar as the science of optics is concerned, yet i

30、n the expression of his theory Goethe achieves a pitch of poetic intensity that is as persuasive, in its way, as anything Newton did: there is, Goethe suggested, a world beyond the current state of science. (25) At the end of the 19th century, before Einstein, professors were steering students away

31、from physics because they believed little was left undiscovered about the nature of physical reality. As we approach the end of the 20th century, we are still guilty of hubris: probably a Unified Field Theory will be achieved, and will seem for a time, perhaps even as long as the period between (30)

32、 Newtons Principia and Einsteins first paper on the theory of relativity, to explain everything; but then a Heisenberg or a Gdel will come forward and unravel the entire structure. Einstein correctly remarked more than once how strange and suspicious it is that reality, as we know it, keeps proving

33、itself amenable to the rules of man-made science. Our thought extends only as far as (35) our capacity to express it, and thus what we consider reality is only that stratum of the world that we have the faculties to comprehend. There is a truth that scientists not blinded by hubris, or a cramped ima

34、gination, have always acknowledged: that there is no end to the venture. 21 The author discusses Goethes theories in the second paragraph primarily to do which of the following? （ A） suggest that the purpose of science is not simply to make discoveries but to influence the way humans regard the worl

35、d （ B） illustrate the dangers of rejecting a mechanistic view of the world （ C） investigate the predictive efficacy of a scientific methodology that eschews certain types of experiments （ D） provide an argument for why scientists should not be amateurs （ E） demonstrate how easily a variation in scie

36、ntific methodology can arouse controversy among scientists 22 According to the passage, the work of scientists is similar to that of equations in infinitesimal calculus because scientists （ A） work to explain concepts that are abstract in nature, not unlike infinity （ B） recognize that meaning is no

37、t the only benefit of scientific endeavor （ C） are unable to explain their work in any more concrete terms than mathematicians express theirs （ D） can discover a series of more and more precise truths, but can never achieve absolute accuracy （ E） are intrinsically more interested in formulas and the

38、ories than the predictions that can be made by them 23 It can be inferred from the passage that Goethes scientific contemporaries made which of the following assumptions? （ A） The most accurate view of the universe is that of the mechanistic model. （ B） Science should avail itself of all possible me

39、thods of discerning the truth. （ C） The tangible results of scientific inquiry are more important than its philosophical assumptions. （ D） Poetic intensity is relatively unimportant in the expression of a scientific theory. （ E） Scientific theories should go far beyond the “human scale“, where possi

40、ble. 24 The author suggests that the appearance of a Unified Field Theory is which of the following? （ A） The theory is likely to be developed eventually, but then subsequently supplanted but more attractive models. （ B） The theory, given its advanced nature, is likely to be even more significant to

41、 scientists than Newtons Principia was in its time. （ C） The appearace of the theory will most likely underscore the hubris of scientists in attempting to describe nature. （ D） The theory is certain to appear, and will serve undermine the pedagogical errors made by nineteenth-century professors. （ E

42、） The appearance of the theory is likely to unravel the existing structure of physics, discrediting the fields most fundamental assumptions. 25 The authors regards the notion of the possible emergence of “a Heisenberg or a Gdel“ with （ A） rue （ B） acquiescence （ C） optimism （ D） suspicion （ E） indig

43、nation 26 It can be inferred from the passage that realitys tendency to conform to the man- made rules of science is suspicious because （ A） it suggests that scientists have disregarded certain facts to maintain the consistency of their theories （ B） it demonstrates that imagination plays a more sig

44、nificant role than reason in scientific investigation （ C） it shows that sciences discover only what the human faculties apprehend, not everything that exists （ D） it demonstrates that the man-made rules of science are overly general, and do not make specific enough claims （ E） it bespeaks the scien

45、ces historical tendency to contradict itself 27 The author implies that scientists who regard the notion of a final state of truth without skepticism are . More arrogant or unimaginative than scientists who see science as a perpetual process . Visionaries who, though not necessarily correct, maintai

46、n an optimistic view of the future . A very significant majority of the scientific community （ A） only （ B） only （ C） and only （ D） and only （ E） , , and SECTION 4 Directions: Each question below consists of a word printed in capital letters followed by five lettered words or phrases. Choose the let

47、tered word or phrase that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the word in capital letters. Since some of the questions require you to distinguish fine shades of meaning, be sure to consider all the choices before deciding which one is best. 28 ADULATION: （ A） camouflage （ B） defense （ C） purificat

48、ion （ D） cessation （ E） vituperation 29 ENDEMIC: （ A） apparent （ B） curable （ C） superficial （ D） alien （ E） intermittent 30 REDOUBTABLE: （ A） mediocre （ B） permanent （ C） lucid （ D） unavoidable （ E） predictable 31 TAINTED: （ A） obvious （ B） numb （ C） accessible （ D） wholesome （ E） shrilling 32 CARD

49、INAL: （ A） indefinable （ B） diminutive （ C） understated （ D） inconsequential （ E） intangible 33 ESTRANGEMENT: （ A） ongoing discussion （ B） disguise （ C） commotion （ D） reconciliation （ E） solace 34 QUANDARY: （ A） concealed hostility （ B） certitude （ C） weak resistance （ D） slight panic （ E） senseless rage 35 SUBSTANTIATION: （ A） denunciation （ B） illusion （ C） opposition （ D） disproof （ E） dispute 36 IMPUDENT: （ A） thou