职称英语理工类A级-64及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 A 级-64 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Alice trusts you, only you can persuade her to give up the foolish idea.（分数：1.00）A.suggestB.attractC.temptD.convince2.Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone.（分数：1.00）A.moderateB.

2、equalC.greatD.immediate3.Her specialty is heart surgery.（分数：1.00）A.regionB.siteC.fieldD.platform4.Can you make a sentence to bring out the meaning of the phrase?（分数：1.00）A.show offB.turn outC.set forthD.take in5.The car was completely written off and the driver seriously injured.（分数：1.00）A.brokenB.s

3、crappedC.cutD.breached6.In his two-hour-long lecture he made an exhaustive analysis of the issue.（分数：1.00）A.extremely thoroughB.long and boringC.superficialD.unconvincing7.The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and accused him of speeding.（分数：1.00）A.chargedB.warnedC.blamedD.deprived8.Aft

4、er the president made an official announcement, she expressed her personal opinion.（分数：1.00）A.specialB.individualC.singleD.alone9.Alice laid her baby on the sofa tenderly and wrapped it with a blanket.（分数：1.00）A.silentlyB.softlyC.friendlyD.comfortably10.The news will horrify everyone.（分数：1.00）A.attr

5、actB.terrifyC.temptD.excite11.The use of the chemical may present a certain hazard to the laboratory workers.（分数：1.00）A.protectionB.indicationC.immunityD.danger12.He was not admitted to the club because he wasn“t a member.（分数：1.00）A.allowedB.acknowledgedC.permittedD.approved13.Canada will prohibit s

6、moking in all offices later this year.（分数：1.00）A.banB.removeC.eliminateD.expel14.Customers often defer payment for as long as possible.（分数：1.00）A.makeB.demandC.postponeD.obtain15.He was elevated to the post of prime minister.（分数：1.00）A.pulledB.promotedC.liftedD.treated二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Ret

7、irement Brings Most a Big Health BoostThe self-reported health of the newly retired improves so much that most feel eight years younger, a new European study suggests. This happy news was true of almost everyone except a small minorityonly 2 percent who had experienced “ideal“ conditions in their wo

8、rking life, anyway. “The results really say three things: that work puts an extra burden on the health of older workers, that the effects of this extra burden are largely relieved by retirement and, finally, that both the extra burden and the relief are larger when working conditions are poor,“ said

9、 Hugo Westerlund, lead author of a study published online Nov. 9 in the Lancet . “This indicates that there is a need to provide opportunities for older workers to decrease the demands in their work out of concern for their health and well-being.“ But of course, added Westerlund, who is head of epid

10、emiology at the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University in Sweden, “not all older workers suffer from poor perceived health. Many are indeed remarkably healthy and fit for work. But sooner or later, everyone has to slow down because of old age catching up.“ Last week, the same group of res

11、earchers reported that workers slept better after retirement than before. “Sleep improves at retirement, which suggests that sleeping could be a mediator between work and perception of poor health,“ Westerlund said. This study looked at what the same 15,000 French workers, most of them men, had to s

12、ay about their own health up to seven years pre-retirement and up to seven years post-retirement. As participants got closer to retirement age, their perception of their own health declined, but went up again during the first year of retirement. Those who reported are being in poorer health declined

13、 from 19.2 percent in the year prior to retirement to 14.3 percent by the end of the first year after retiring. According to the researchers, that means post-retirement levels of poor health fell to levels last seen eight years previously. The changes were seen in both men and women, across differen

14、t occupations, and last-edthrough the first seven years of not punching the clock. Workers who felt worse before retirement and had lower working conditions reported greater improvements as soon as they retired, the team found.（分数：7.00）(1).Most of the newly retired feel younger and healthier than be

15、fore.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).Older workers are generally as fit for work as younger workers.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).Older workers usually get on very well with younger workers.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).Europe is aging faster than most other parts o

16、f the globe.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).The study analyzed the participants“ perception of their own health in a certain period.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).The participants came from various countries in Europe.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).The findings of the

17、 study apply to conditions all over the world.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Memory Test1. “I am going to give you five techniques that will enable you to remember anything you need to know at school,“ promised lecturer Ian Robinson to a hundred schoolchildren

18、. He slapped his hand down on the table. “When I“ve finished in two hours“ time, your work will be far more effective and productive. Anyone not interested, leave now.“ The entire room sat still. 2. Robinson calls himself the Mind Magician(魔术师). He specializes in doing magic tricks that look totally

19、 impossible, and then he reveals that they involve nothing more mysterious than good old-fashioned trickery(骗术). “I have always been interested in tricks involving memory-being able to reel off(一口气说出) the order of cards in a pack, that sort of thing,“ he explains. 3. Robinson was already lecturing t

20、o schools on his magic techniques when it struck him that students might find memory techniques even more valuable. “It wasn“t a difficult area to move into, as the stuffs all there in books.“ So he summarized everything to make a two-hour lecture about five techniques. 4. “You want to learn a list

21、of a hundred things? A thousand? No problem,“ says Robinson. The scandal is that every child is not taught the techniques from the beginning of their school life. The schoolchildren who were watching him thought it was brilliant. “I wish I“d been told this earlier,“ commented Mark, after Robinson ha

22、d shown them how to construct “mental journeys“. 5. Essentially, you visualize(想象) a walk down a street, or a trip round a room, and pick the points where you will put the things you want to remember-the lamppost, the fruit bowl. Then in each location you put a visual representation of your list-phr

23、asal verbs, historical dates, whatever-making them as strange as possible. It is that simple, and it works. 6. The reaction of schools has been uniformly enthusiastic. “The pupils benefited enormously from Ian“s presentation,“ says Dr. Johnston, head of the school where Robinson was speaking, “Ideal

24、ly we should run a regular class in memory techniques so pupils can pick it up gradually. “（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Good results B. An ancient skill C. Gaining attention D. Memory tricks E. A lecture on memory techniques F. Ways to improve memory（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph

25、4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).The memory techniques used are no more complex than the old 1. A. books B. lecture C. tricks D. facts E. memory F. list（分数：1.00）(6).Robinson taught children to use “mental journeys“ to improve 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Robinson told the pupils that all the memory techn

26、iques could be found in 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The schoolchildren got a lot from the magician“s 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Genetic TestingIt is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdomor at least confirm that he“s the k

27、id“s dad. All he needs to do is shell out $30 for paternity testing kit (PTK) at his local drugstore and another $120 to get the results. More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer

28、 of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests directly to the public, ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500. Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological r

29、elatives and is also the latest rage among passionate genealogistsand supports businesses that offer to search for a family“s geographic roots. Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with w

30、hom to compare DNA. But some observers are skeptical. “There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,“ says Troy Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestorsnumbering in the hundreds just a few centur

31、ies back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father“s line or mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just

32、three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents. Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don“t rel

33、y on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not

34、 subject to peer review or outside evaluation.（分数：15.00）(1).In paragraphs 1 and 2, the text shows PTK“s _.（分数：3.00）A.easy availabilityB.flexibility in pricingC.successful promotionD.popularity with households(2).PTK is used to _.（分数：3.00）A.locate one“s birth placeB.promote genetic researchC.identify

35、 parent-child kinshipD.choose children for adoption(3).Skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to _.（分数：3.00）A.trace distant ancestorsB.rebuilds reliable bloodlinesC.fully use genetic informationD.achieve the claimed accuracy(4).In the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic tes

36、ting faces is _.（分数：3.00）A.disorganized data collectionB.overlapping database buildingC.estimated relationships can“t be patentedD.relying on data collected systematically(5).An appropriate title for the text is most likely to be _.（分数：3.00）A.Fors and againsts of DNA testingB.DNA testing and its pro

37、blemsC.DNA testing outside the labD.Lies behind DNA testing六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Education and InfluenceThe most thoroughly studied in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, now

38、here else in colonial America was “so much importance attached to intellectual pursuits“. According to many books and articles, New England“s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life. To take this approach to th

39、e New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans“ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the churchimportant subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European

40、culture, adjusting to New World circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity. The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the nine

41、ty or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old Wo

42、rld audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness. We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, their thinking often had a

43、traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hopeall came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told

44、 his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.“ One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in Puritan churches. Mea

45、nwhile, many settlers had slighter religious commitments than Dane“s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New World for religion. “Our main end was to catch fish.“（分数：15.00）(1).The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New Engl

46、and _.（分数：3.00）A.Puritan tradition dominated political lifeB.intellectual interests were encouragedC.politics benefited much from intellectual endeavorsD.intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment(2).It is suggested in paragraph 2 that New Englanders _.（分数：3.00）A.experienced a comparatively

47、 peaceful early historyB.brought with them the culture of the Old WorldC.paid little attention to southern intellectual lifeD.were obsessed with religious innovations(3).The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay _.（分数：3.00）A.were famous in the New World for their writingsB.gaine

48、d increasing importance in religious affairsC.abandoned high positions before coming to the New WorldD.created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England(4).The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often _.（分数：3.00）A.influenced by superstitionsB.troubled with religi

49、ous beliefsC.puzzled by church sermonsD.frustrated with family earnings(5).The text suggests that early settlers in New England _.（分数：3.00）A.were mostly engaged in political activitiesB.were motivated by an illusory prospectC.came from different backgroundsD.left few formal records for later reference七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Internet Technology Influence on Information IndustryWild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War and later laid the roots for the C