大学四级-174及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-174 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay according to the following instructions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Dama* square dance culture has generated some con

2、troversy recently. On the one hand, Dama square dance reflects social progress and the increasingly colorful life of senior citizens. On the other hand, many citizens who live near the square are disturbed by the noise of Dama square dance. What“s your opinion of Dama square dance? What“s your sugge

3、stion toward the problem? （分数：106.00）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：3，分数：49.00)Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item. （分数：14.00）A.Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebels.B.An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.C.The killing of more than 70 Ug

4、andans in Kampala.D.Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda“s capital.A.On Christmas Eve.B.Just before midnight.C.During a security check.D.In the small hours of the morning.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item. （分数：14.00）A.It is likely to close many of its stores.B.It is kn

5、own for the quality of its goods.C.It remains competitive in the recession.D.It will expand its online retail business.A.Expand its business beyond groceries.B.Fire 25,000 of its current employees.C.Cut its DVD publishing business.D.Sell the business for one pound.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on t

6、he following news item. （分数：21.00）A.All taxis began to use meters.B.All taxis got air conditioning.C.Advertisements were allowed on taxis.D.Old taxis were replaced with new cabs.A.A low interest loan scheme.B.Environmentalists“ protests.C.Taxi passengers“ complaints.D.Permission for car advertising.

7、A.There are no more irregular practices.B.All new cabs provide air-conditioning.C.New cabs are all equipped with meters.D.New legislation protects consumer rights.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Conversation One(总题数：1，分数：28.00)Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.0

8、0）A.She is hard-working.B.She has to catch an early bus.C.She is busy in the morning.D.She gets up late in the morning.A.It“s better than evening exercise.B.It helps him work more efficiently.C.Young people do not need to take exercise.D.Morning exercise is generally informative.A.He has to go to pa

9、rties in the evening.B.He has to prepare dinner for the family.C.The air is not fresh in the evening.D.He can“t afford the time.A.Go home.B.Go to his office.C.Go to the bus stop.D.Send his son to school.六、Conversation One(总题数：1，分数：28.00)Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

10、heard. （分数：28.00）A.Colorado.B.Arizona.C.The Nile River.D.The Museum of Natural History.A.Archaeological.B.Biological.C.Meteorological.D.SociologicalA.In a cave.B.In a river.C.In a tree.D.In a boat.A.Solve a mystery.B.See the canyon.C.Find some driftwood.D.Take some photographs.七、Section C(总题数：0，分数：0

11、.00)八、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：43.20)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：43.20）A.The head of the Alumni Office.B.A doctor.C.A professor of business administration.D.A student from last year“s program.A.Medical interns.B.Undergraduate students.C.Local business executives.

12、D.Alumni sponsors.A.They give money to sponsor the program.B.They write letters of recommendation.C.They provide job opportunities.D.They work for the Alumni Office.九、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：57.60)Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：57.60）A.To give background informatio

13、n about Santa Catalina Island.B.To tell the audience about new books on Santa Catalina.C.To introduce a training film on baseball.D.To tell people about the music from the 1930s and 1940s.A.A bandleader.B.A wealthy businessman.C.An early settler of Santa Catalina.D.A baseball player from Chicago.A.T

14、o set up an exclusive resort.B.To build a marina.C.To establish a summer retreat for musicians.D.To start a training camp for a baseball team.A.Traditional Portuguese music.B.Opera.C.Big-band music.D.Music composed by Wrigley.十、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：43.20)Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage

15、 you have just heard. （分数：43.20）A.Recalling something from one“s memory.B.The preparatory method in exams.C.Conscience.D.Man“s mind.A.From the ones they are familiar with to the difficult ones.B.From the short ones to the long ones.C.From the complicated ones to the easy ones.D.From the ones they ar

16、e confident of to the more difficult ones.A.When you can“t recall something instantly, you should try your best to do it.B.When you can“t recall something instantly, you“d better have an operation on your mind.C.The subconscious activities may go to work to dig up a dim memory.D.Forcing yourself to

17、recall may loosen your memory.十一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.00)Worried about what people are saying about you? Concerns about gossip could influence behavior, including generosity, researchers said. “As it turns out, the act of gossip can indeed be quite powerful,“ sai

18、d Jared Piazza of Queen“s University in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Piazza and Jesse M. Beringa studied the 1 of 72 college students who were asked to distribute tokens (代金券) with a monetary value between themselves and someone else. Half of the group were 2 told their decision would be discussed wit

19、h a third party. “Participants who were told that the receiver would be communicating their economic decision with the third party were 3 more generous in their allocations of the tokens than participants who were not 4 to believe that their decisions would be discussed,“ Piazza and Beringa said in

20、the study published in the journal Human Behavior . They added that the most 5 strategy from an economic standpoint would have been for a student to 6 all 10 tokens to him or herself, but the threat of gossip seemed to have 7 their decision. Although gender did not play a major role in the study, me

21、n were slightly more 8 than women. “Allocations of males were, on average, slightly greater than allocations of females, although there were almost twice as many female participants,“ the researchers 9 . A previous study showed that gossip is more powerful than truth, suggesting people believe what

22、they hear through the grapevine even if they have evidence to the 10 . A. added B. beneficial C. swayed D. fabricated E. reactions F. made G. still H. significantly I. allocate J. thought K. contrary L. also M. generous N. led O. economical（分数：35.00）十三、Section B(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Addicted, Really?A. Me

23、ntal-health specialists disagree over whether to classify compulsive online behaviour as addictionand how to treat it. Craig Smallwood, a disabled American war veteran, spent more than 20,000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called “Lineage II“. When NCsoft, the South Korean

24、 firm behind the game, accused him of breaking the game“s roles and banned him, he was plunged into depression, severe paranoia (偏执) and hallucinations (幻想). He spent three weeks in hospital. After that, he sued NCsoft for fraud and negligence (过失), demanding over $9m in damages and claiming that th

25、e company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become “addicted“ to the game. B. But does it make sense to talk of addiction to online activity? Mental-health specialists say three online behaviors can become problematic for many people: video games, pornography (色情作品

26、) and messaging via e-mail and social networks. But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called “Internet addiction“or how to treat it. C. Some mental-health specialists wanted “Internet addiction“ to be included in the fifth version of psychiatry“s bible, the “Diagnostic

27、and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders“, known as DSM-V, which is currently being overhauled (全面修订). The American Medical Association endorsed (赞成) the idea in 2007, only to backtrack (放弃) days later. The American Journal of Psychiatry called Internet addiction a “common disorder“ and supported

28、its recognition. Last year the DSM-V drafting group made its decision: Internet addiction would not be included as a “behavioral addiction“only gambling made the cutbut it said further study was necessary. D. Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet. Back in 2000, Joseph W

29、alther, a communications professor at Michigan State University, co-wrote an article in which he suggested, tongue in cheek, that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were “addicted“ to academia (学术活动). He argued that other factors, such as depres

30、sion, are the real problem. He stands by that view today. “No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that Internet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue,“ he says. “Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction, rather than looking for underlying clinical

31、issues, is definitely unwise.“ E. Others disagree. “That would be wrong,“ says Kimberly Young, a researcher and therapist who has worked on Internet addiction since 1994. She insists that the Internet, with its powerfully immersive environments, creates new problems that people must learn to navigat

32、e (应对). Otherwise, the changing lifestyle will affect the development of the society. F. No one disputes that online habits can turn toxic. Take South Korea, where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student plays video games for 23 hours each week. In 2007 the government estimat

33、ed that around 210,000 children needed treatment for Internet addiction. In 2010 newspapers around the globe carried the story of a South Korean couple who fed their infant daughter so little that she starved to death. Instead of caring for the child, the couple spent most nights at an Internet caf,

34、 sinking hours into a role-playing game in which they raised, fed and cared for a virtual daughter. And several South Korean men have died from exhaustion after marathon, multi-day gaming sessions. G. The South Korean government has since asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew (宵禁) for child

35、ren, to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 a.m. At the same time, it has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an “Internet rescue camp“ for serious cases. H. But compulsive behaviour is not limited to gamers. E-mail or web-use behaviours can also show signs

36、 of addiction. Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters. A deluge (泛滥) of self-help books, most recently “Alone Together“ by Sherry Turkle, a social scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

37、, offer advice on how to unplug (去除障碍). I. Pornography is hardly new, either, but the Internet makes accessing it much easier than ever before. When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband, whether it is a game world, an e-mail inbox or pornographic material, it is harder to resist. Ne

38、w services lead to new complaints. When online auction sites first became popular, talk of “eBay addiction“ soon followed. Dr. Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebookor even to “Farm Ville“, a game playable only within Facebook. J. Treatment centres have popped up around the

39、 world with the popularity of online games. In 2006 Amsterdam“s Smith it only tightens it. Students find the preparatory method helpful in the examinations. They read over the questions before trying to answer any of them. Then they answer first the ones of which they are most confident. Meanwhile,

40、deeper mental activities in the subconscious mind are taking place; work is being done on the more difficult questions. By the time the easier questions are answered, answers to the more difficult ones will usually begin to come into consciousness. It is often just a question of waiting for recall t

41、o come to the memory. What“s the passage about? 解析 1四项均为名词或名词性短语。 2三项含有与人的意识有关的词汇(recalling，memory，conscience，mind)。 结论：本题可能考查短文的主旨，其内容与意识有关。 不少人都有过这样的经历：当你想叫出某人的名字时，却突然想不起来了。本篇短文以此为引子，介绍了唤醒记忆的方法，并以学生在考试时答题的过程为例进行具体讲解，可见短文主要论述的是如何唤醒记忆。故选 A。A.From the ones they are familiar with to the difficult ones

42、.B.From the short ones to the long ones.C.From the complicated ones to the easy ones.D.From the ones they are confident of to the more difficult ones. 解析：听力原文 According to the passage, what kind of order do students usually follow when they answer questions in exams? 解析 1四项均为 from.to.结构。 2四项均提及 ones

43、，其中两项包含一对反义词(short/long，complicated/easy)。 结论：本题可能考查做某事的先后顺序，需注意辨别 ones指代何物。 题干问学生在考试答题时往往依照怎样的顺序。短文后半部分提到，学生总是先做那些自己最有把握的题目，等这些比较简单的题目答完了，那些较难题目的答案也就想起来了。可见学生答题的顺序是由易到难，故选 D。A 项中的 familiar表述不够准确，可排除。A.When you can“t recall something instantly, you should try your best to do it.B.When you can“t reca

44、ll something instantly, you“d better have an operation on your mind.C.The subconscious activities may go to work to dig up a dim memory. D.Forcing yourself to recall may loosen your memory.解析：听力原文 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? 解析 1四项均为成分完整的句子，其中两项以 when开头。 2三项含有第二人称代词(you，

45、yourself)。 3四项均含有与记忆、回忆相关的词汇(recall，mind，subconscious，memory)。 结论：结合以上三点以及选项的结构来看，本题可能考查说法正误，需结合原文信息一一进行辨别。 短文中间部分提到，最初试图进行回忆的努力使意识准备好开始运转，但是，是潜意识活动负责去挖掘模糊的记忆。强迫自己去回忆几乎从来都不会奏效，因为这样做非但不会使你的意识放松，而且会使其更紧张。故选 C。十一、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.00)Worried about what people are

46、 saying about you? Concerns about gossip could influence behavior, including generosity, researchers said. “As it turns out, the act of gossip can indeed be quite powerful,“ said Jared Piazza of Queen“s University in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Piazza and Jesse M. Beringa studied the 1 of 72 college

47、students who were asked to distribute tokens (代金券) with a monetary value between themselves and someone else. Half of the group were 2 told their decision would be discussed with a third party. “Participants who were told that the receiver would be communicating their economic decision with the thir

48、d party were 3 more generous in their allocations of the tokens than participants who were not 4 to believe that their decisions would be discussed,“ Piazza and Beringa said in the study published in the journal Human Behavior . They added that the most 5 strategy from an economic standpoint would h

49、ave been for a student to 6 all 10 tokens to him or herself, but the threat of gossip seemed to have 7 their decision. Although gender did not play a major role in the study, men were slightly more 8 than women. “Allocations of males were, on average, slightly greater than allocations of females, although there were almost twice as many female participants,“ the researchers 9 . A previous study showed that gossip is more powerful than truth, suggesting people believe what t