中考英语专题复习专题十七完形填空第5讲完形填空Thepowerofstory.docx

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1、1专题十七 完形填空第 5 讲 The Power of Story1. 掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。2. 掌握完形填空的解题技巧，并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。3. 通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，灵活应对各种完形填空题。知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”，在英语学习的过程中，语料的积累至关重要。对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理，能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你掌握了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。具体使用中可以删去词义词性部

2、分，给小例句提示。并标记出学生的实际掌握情况（优良差）】单词 词性及词义 示例 备注 掌握情况power n.1)影响力 2)权力 3)力量v. 驱动The Power of StoryThe car is powered by engine.相关词：powerfuldisappear v.消失；不见 my dog Gracie disappeared six years ago.相关词：appear“dis-”表否定的前缀believe v.相信；认为 I really learned what I 相关词：belief教 学目标名 师点拨2believe.search v.搜查 We se

3、arched the neighborhood for hourslost adj.1)迷路的 2)丢失的3)茫然无措的I felt so lost after my dog is lost.patiently adv.耐心的 相关词：patient; patienceendlessly adv.无止境地；不断地 Search endlessly 相关词：endlessfaith n.信任；信心；信仰 I told her losing Gracie was like losing faith in everything.相关词：faithfuladventure n.冒险imagine v.

4、想象 She imagined walking into a forest and enjoying the fresh air.相关词：imaginationwait v.等待support v./n.1)支持 2)养活 3)支撑He has a big family to support.相关词：supportermoved adj.感动的 相关词：movingreasonable adj.合理的；公道的 相关词：reasonunreasonableorder n. 1)次序 2)命令 3)订单v.1)命令 2)订购,点菜The officer ordered them to fire.r

5、emind v.提醒；使想起 He reminded her of Santa Claus.suggest v.1)建议 2)表明;暗示 I suggest that we go out to eat.All the evidence suggests that he stole the money.相关词：suggestion; advice; advise; lasting adj.持久的 lasting friendships 相关词：lastput up 1)张贴 2)搭建 3)提高 We put up advertisements.look up 1)+sb 拜访 2)+sth 查阅

6、3)+to sb 尊敬I looked it up in the dictionary.build up 1)创建 2)增强set up 1)建起 2)安装好 3)开办make up 1)构成 2)编造 3)铺床 4)弥补give up 放弃deal with 处理；解决 相关词：do with; hold on to 抓紧hold sth. together使保持团结 Its what holds our life together.3二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。可以根据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译。】1. When my dog Gracie disappe

7、ared six years ago, I really learned what I believe.结构分析：_本句含有 when 引导的时间状语从句，表示“当时候”和 what 引导的宾语从句。句子翻译：_当我的小狗 Gracie 六年前失踪后，我真正学到我所相信的。仿句练习：读书的时候，你最好记录下你认为对你有帮助的内容。 When you read a book, youd better write down what you think is helpful to you._2. by dark, we returned home, exhausted (精疲力竭).结构分析：_本

8、句含有“形容词 exhausted”做主语补语的结构，表明主语的状态。句子翻译：_天黑时，我们精疲力竭地回家了。仿句练习：天黑时，我们又累又饿地回到家里。By dark, we returned home, tired and hungry._3. If I knew she had found a better home, I would be _ (33) yet relieved (放心的).结构分析：_本句含有 if 引导的条件状语从句，表示如果；本句中的“yet”表示转折，意为“但是”。句子翻译：_如果我知道她有了一个好去处，我会_但是会放心些。仿句练习：如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有

9、一个更美好的世界。If we pay much attention to the earth, well have a better world._ _4. As one writer said, all (that)we have is stories. Its what holds our life together.结构分析：_本句含有 1.“as 引导的非限制性定语从句”意为“正如”；2. 省略 that 的定语从句“(that)we have”修饰 all；3. what 引导的表语从句。句子翻译：_正如一位作家所说，我们所拥有的一切都是故事。它使我们的生活凝聚到一起。仿句练习：众所

10、周知，那些做普通简单工作的人也在为社会的发展做贡献。As we all know, those who do simple and ordinary jobs are also making a contribution to the development of the society._5. Why not imagine now that she was off on an adventure exploring her wolf side?结构分析：_本句含有 1.“why not”结构，表示“为什么不呢？”；2. t hat 引导的宾语从句句子翻译：_为什么不想象现在她正在冒险探索她

11、狼的那一面呢？仿句练习：为什么不加入我们呢？Why not join us?4_方法篇“方法得当, 事半功倍。”只有语料的积累，没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于完形填空解题方法的梳理，能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你掌握了多少？一、完形填空解题步骤第一步 通读全文，把握脉络 跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词，如 but 出现后就说明句子强调的重点是 but 后面的内容；再如代词 it 指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词。找到关键词可以帮助我们

12、掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。第二步 瞻前顾后，上下求索 联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的上下文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在下一部分详细描述】第三步 再读文章，核查答案 代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。二、完形填空解题策略方法 方法一：词汇复现法解释 “词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如 protect 和 protection)、同义词/近义词(如 road和 trail)、反义词(如 wrong 和 correct)、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如

13、adult 是 my father 的上义词；coat 是 clothes 的下义词)等重复出现在语篇之中。例题 例 1：He is very kind and friendly to others. Because of his _, he is quite popular with the people around him. A. ability B. honesty C. relationship D. kindness【分析：通过上文“He is very kind and friendly to others”，由“kind”可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎。故选 D。】例 2：

14、The old man tends to forget things from time to time. In other words, he is more and more _. A. forgetful B. unforgettable C. easy-going D. hard-working【分析：通过上文“The old man tends to forget things from time to time”，由“forget”可知他越来越“健忘”。故选 A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“难忘的”。）】方法 方法二：上下文推理法解释 “上下文推理法

15、”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清 楚所要表达的含义。5例题 例：When we talked, I discovered（发现）some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _17_ than that in China. We usually have forty minutes in each class.17.

16、A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later【分析：通过上文“each class lasts fifty minutes in the US”和下文“We usually have forty minutes in each class.”可知美国每节课是 50 分钟，中国每节课是 40 分钟，根据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选 B。】方法 方法三：逻辑推理法解释 “逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如 and 表并列，but 和

17、however 表转折，so 表因果，first of all、then 和 finally 表顺序等）。例题 例 1：My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera very much, but he cant sing 6 .6. A. badly B. easily C. well D. excitedly【分析：通过上文“My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera”和连词“but”，可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好”，故选 C。】方法 方法四：文化背景常识法解

18、释 “文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。例题 例：There are many kinds of animals in the world. Elephants are the 1 animals that live on land. Only some kinds of whales (鲸鱼) are bigg

19、er than elephants, but they live in the 2 . 1. A. biggest B. smallest C. smaller D. bigger2. A. river B. lake C. sea D. forest【分析：第 1 题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选 A. biggest。第 2 题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选 C. sea。】方法 方法五：固定搭配法解释 完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题 例 1：When two people are

20、 in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention 13 what he or she is speaking 13. A. for B. of C. with D. to【分析：考查固定短语“pay attention to 注意”，故选 D。】例 2：but we were relaxed when we were lying on the beach. We 1

21、0 some photos there. 10. A. got B. brought C. bought D. took【分析：考查固定短语“take photos 拍照”，故选 D。】6障碍阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解跑偏】（西城二模）The Power of StoryWhen my dog Gracie disappeared six years ago, I really learned what I believe. Gracie escaped from our backyard around 2:00 p.

22、m. We searched the neighborhood for hours but had no _ (31). We put up advertisements, and by dark, we returned home, exhausted (精疲力竭). On the second day, I called my animal doctor, the SPCA, and the animal shelter (收容所). Nothing. I f elt lost. If I knew Gracie had been _ (32), I would have been hea

23、rtbroken. If I knew she was caught somewhere, I would save her. If I knew she had found a better home, I would be _ (33) yet relieved (放心的). But how do I deal with the unknown? Wait patiently? Search endlessly? Give up? The third day, while I was searching in the woods with my friend Rhea, I told he

24、r losing Gracie was like losing faith (信任) in everything. Rhea smiled and said, “You know, maybe Gracies on a great adventure.” It seems _ (34), but I felt better then. Rheas words _ (35) me what, as a writer, I surely have faith in: the power of story. As one writer said, all we have is stories. It

25、s what holds our life together. We call stories science, some stories myth (神话), but imagine hearing for the first time that the world may be round. Such stories only become real when we _ (36) them. And some stories are never supported with scientific facts, but they still seem to hold true. For ex

26、ample, ten years earlier, Id dreamt that I should get a _ (37), and by that evening, Gracie came into my life. When people would ask what kind of dog she was, I would say Muppet wolf terrier (小猎狗 ). It was something I _ (38) because I believed Gracie was half dog, half wolf. So why not imagine now t

27、hat she was off on an adventure exploring her wolf side? The fourth day started with me finding a _ (39) on the sidewalk, Id always thought of 语篇精讲7finding money as a good sign. And I was sure Gracie would come home on the fifth day. I guess it was another story to hold on to. On Day Five, I was at

28、a friends house when her phone rang. I knew immediately it was news about Gracie. And I was right. When I finally saw her in my hallway, I cried. “My wolf days are _ (40).” Gracie seemed to say. “Im back to being a dog”. Or so is the story I choose to believe. 文章大意为（只给出关键词即可）_参考关键词：the power of stor

29、y; dog; disappear; have faith in; story; better参考答案： when his dog disappeared six years ago, the writer realized the power of story.【注：程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】语篇练习话题 体裁 词数 建议用时 实际用时 正确率 难度人生感悟类 记叙文 446 12-15 分钟 _/10（西城二模）The Power of StoryWhen my dog Gracie disappeared six years ago, I really learned wh

30、at I believe. Gracie escaped from our backyard around 2:00 p.m. We searched the neighborhood for hours but had no _ (31). We put up advertisements, and by dark, we returned home, exhausted (精疲力竭). On the second day, I called my animal doctor, the SPCA, and the animal shelter (收容所). Nothing. I felt l

31、ost. If I knew Gracie had been _ (32), I would have been heartbroken. If I knew she was caught somewhere, I would save her. If I knew she had found a better home, I would be _ (33) yet relieved (放心的). But how do I deal with the unknown? Wait patiently? Search endlessly? Give up? The third day, while

32、 I was searching in the woods with my friend Rhea, I told her losing Gracie was like losing faith (信任) in everything. Rhea smiled and said, “You know, maybe Gracies on a great adventure.” It seems _ (34), but I felt better then. Rheas words _ (35) me what, as a writer, I surely have faith in: the po

33、wer of story. As one writer said, all we have is stories. Its what holds our life together. We call stories science, some stories myth (神话), but imagine hearing for the first time that the world 8may be round. Such stories only become real when we _ (36) them. And some stories are never supported wi

34、th scientific facts, but they still seem to hold true. For example, ten years earlier, Id dreamt that I should get a _ (37), and by that evening, Gracie came into my life. When people would ask what kind of dog she was, I would say Muppet wolf terrier (小猎狗 ). It was something I _ (38) because I beli

35、eved Gracie was half dog, half wolf. So why not imagine now that she was off on an adventure exploring her wolf side? The fourth day started with me finding a _ (39) on the sidewalk, Id always thought of finding money as a good sign. And I was sure Gracie would come home on the fifth day. I guess it

36、 was another story to hold on to. On Day Five, I was at a friends house when her phone rang. I knew immediately it was news about Gracie. And I was right. When I finally saw her in my hallway, I cried. “My wolf days are _ (40).” Gracie seemed to say. “Im back to being a dog”. Or so is the story I ch

37、oose to believe. 31. A. luck B. reason C. good D. problem 32. A. kept B. sold C. stolen D. killed 33. A. mad B. worried C. sad D. moved 34. A. right B. strange C. reasonable D. real 35. A. ordered B. warned C. reminded D. suggested 36. A. hear B. know C. believe D. read 37. A. dog B. prize C. story

38、D. hous e 38. A. looked up B. built up C. set up D. made up 39. A. card B. coin C. phone D. book 40. A. lasting B. exciting C. short D. over 语篇精讲：参考答案：3135ADCBC 3640 CADBD 文章大意：本文作者通过讲述六年前他丢失他的小狗的经历以及心路历程，阐述了故事的力量。答案解析：31. 通过上文“We searched the neighborhood for hours ”和转折连词“but”，可推断出他们找了很久但是没找到，have

39、no luck 没有好运气，这里指没有找到小狗，故选 A。32. 通过下文“I would have been heartbroken.”可知作者会心碎，因此可以推断出前后存在因果关系，上文的意思应该是指如果它被杀了，故选 D。33. 通过上文“If I knew she had found a better home”和下文“yet relieved (放心的)”，及结合生活常识，可知比起遭遇不幸，小狗有个好去处是一件让人放心但是仍然会因为它的离开而难过。故选 C。34. 通过转折连词“but”可知前后存在转折关系，下文表达“我感觉好多了”，上文的意思应该与其相对，只有 B 符合语境，故选

40、B。35. 通过下文作者回忆起以前的事情可知，这些都是听了朋友的话后想起来的，故选 C。36. 通过前文“I surely have faith in: the power of story.”可知作者相信故事的力量，因此可以推断出9这里指的是“那些故事会变成真的，当我们相信它们的时候。”，故选 C。37. 通过下文“Gracie came into my life. When people would ask what kind of dog she was,”可推断出作者梦见他有了一只狗。故选 A。38. 通过下文“because I believed Gracie was half do

41、g, half wolf.”可知“因为我相信它一半是狗，一半是狼”，可推断出那是作者编造的，故选 D。39. 通过下文“Id always thought of finding money as a good si gn.”可知作者是发现了钱，故选 B. coin。40. 通过前文“ I believed Gracie was half dog, half wolf.”和下文“Im back to being a dog”，可推断出它作为狼的日子结束了。精讲笔记【学生在教师的指导下，回顾本讲中积累的完形填空的知识和方法】语篇中积累的词汇【至少掌握 10 个】单词 词性及词义 单词的运用（鼓励学

42、生用所学词汇造句）realize语篇中的学到的方法【根据具体教学情况归纳总结】【至少掌握 2 个】方法一：词汇复现法 如：本篇文章中的 39. (coin )方法二：上下文推理法方法三：逻辑推理法方法四：文化背景常识法方法五：固定搭配法基础过关一、词汇/短语翻译单词 词性、词义 备注1 power n.1)影响力 2)权力 3)力量v. _ 提示：The car is powered by engine.2 _ v.消失；不见3 _ v.相信；认为能力提升104 _ v.搜查5 lost adj.1)迷路的 2)丢失的 3) _翻译：I felt so lost after my dog is

43、 lost.6 _ adv.耐心的7 endlessly _8 _ n.信任；信心；信仰9 _ n.冒险10 _ v.想象 翻译：她想象着走进一片森林，呼吸新鲜的空气。11 _ v.等待12 support v./n.1) _2) _3)支撑翻译：He has a big family to support.13 reasonable _14 _ n. 1)次序 2)命令15 _ v.提醒；使想起16 suggest v.1)建议 2) _ 翻译：All the evidence suggests that he stole the money. 17 lasting _18 _ v.警告19

44、 put up _ 提示：We put up advertisements.20 look up 1)+sb_ 2)+sth_ 3)+to sb _提示：I looked it up in the dictionary.21 build up _ 提示:You need more exercise to build you up.22 set up _ 提示：They set up a working party to look into the issue.23 make up _ 提示：It was something I made up because I believed Gracie was half dog, half wolf.24 give up _ 提示：Well never give up until