ASTM D2944-1971(2008) Standard Test Method of Sampling Processed Peat Materials《泥炭加工材料的抽样标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 2944 71 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Test Method ofSampling Processed Peat Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2944; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers procedures for obtainingsamples for use in the determination of moisture, ash, andorganic matter; volume; p

3、H; volume weights, water-holdingcapacity, and air capacity of water-saturated peat materials;total nitrogen; particle size range; and sand content of pro-cessed peat materials.21.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsi

4、bility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Significance and Use2.1 This test method provides a uniform procedure forobtaining relatively homogeneous samples when obtainedfrom a m

5、ultiplicity of sources.3. Apparatus3.1 Slotted Tube, single or double, or slotted tube and rod,all with pointed ends and a minimum 1-in. (25-mm) diameter.The Pennsylvania State Forage Sampler is a satisfactory coresampler.4. Procedure4.1 Take a representative sample from the lot or shipment asfollow

6、s:4.1.1 Packaged or Baled PeatsLay the bag or balehorizontally and remove the core diagonally from end to end.Determine the number of cores as follows: from lots of 1 to 10bags, sample all bags; from lots of 11 or more, sample 10 bags.Take 1 core from each bag sampled except for lots of 1 to 4bags,

7、take enough diagonal cores from each bag to total at least5 cores.4.1.2 Bulk SamplesDraw at least 10 cores from differentregions.4.1.3 Small Containers (10 lb (4.5 kg) or less)Take theentire package. Working rapidly to prevent moisture losses,reduce the composite sample to not less than 500 g by wei

8、ghtor 2 L by volume by mixing on a clean oilcloth or paper andquartering. Place sample in an airtight container.4.2 Sampling by random “grab” procedure is necessary ifthe particle size range is to be determined or if representativesample cannot be taken with a core sampler.5. Precision and Bias5.1 P

9、recisionDue to the nature of the soil or rock mate-rials tested by this test method it is either not feasible or toocostly at this time to produce multiple specimens which haveuniform physical properties. Any variation observed in the datais just as likely to be due to specimen variation as to opera

10、toror laboratory testing variation. Subcommittee D18.18 wel-comes proposals that would allow for development of a validprecision statement.5.2 BiasThere is no accepted reference value for this testmethod, therefore, bias cannot be determined.6. Keywords6.1 peat; samples; sampling1This test method is

11、 under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.22 on Soil as a Mediumfor Plant Growth.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008. Published February 2008. Originallyapproved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 2944 71 (19

12、98).2Standards for the sampling of undisturbed peats in situ are presently beingprepared by ASTM Committee D18.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent

13、 rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at

14、 any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comment

15、s will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted b

16、y ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2944 71 (2008)2