【考研类试卷】在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编8及答案解析.doc

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1、在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编 8 及答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Researchers have shown that noise can adversely affect human in both physiological and psychological ways. Hearing losses in particular occupations such as shipbuilding and construction work are well-known. In fact, h

2、owever, we all find hearing more difficult as we age. Young ears can distinguish a wide range of sounds from low to very high frequencies, while older ears lose the ability to distinguish high-pitched sounds. A comparison of people living in some industrialized and non-industrialized areas suggests

3、that this hearing loss may not necessarily accompany old age. Furthermore, a closer inspection of other data reveals economic effects. For instance, an increased turnover in property has been observed in noisy areas near airports. Job performance can be adversely affected by loud noise, especially i

4、f accuracy and mental effort are involved. The use of outdoor areas for conversation is not possible for an estimated 5 to 10 million people who live or work in urban areas. When interference with television or speech or sleep is included, as many as 22 to 24 million people can be said to have lost

5、part of the use of their homes and grounds because of noise. Thus noise pollution is a serious environmental concern. The indifferent attitude toward noise should be overcome; considerable efforts should be made to alert people to the grave effects that may stem from an excessively noisy environment

6、.（分数：10.00）(1).We can learn from this passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.young people are sensitive to high-pitched soundsB.young people distinguish low frequency noise better than old peopleC.high frequency noise can cause hearing loss in old peopleD.people in industrialized areas will suffer hearing loss wh

7、en they are old(2).According to the passage, noise affects human beings_.（分数：2.00）A.physiologically, psychologically and economicallyB.physiologically and psychologicallyC.physiologically and economicallyD.psychologically and economically(3).It can be inferred from the passage that loud noise has gr

8、eater effects on people who work_.（分数：2.00）A.in ship-yardsB.in officesC.at airportsD.on work sites(4).Which is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Different occupations have different effects on people“s hearing ability.B.People working in noisy environment are more likely to develop hearin

9、g problems.C.Noise can affect people“s daily lives.D.Urban people live in smaller homes because of noise.(5).The last paragraph implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.People are generally concerned about noise pollutionB.many people haven“t yet realized the adverse effects of noise pollutionC.People are making ef

10、forts to overcome the noise problemD.People are alert to excessively noisy environmentFor any Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the world“s greatest dramatist. Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of William Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge,

11、 however slight, of the work of the greatest writer. All of us use words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare“s writings that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking people. Most of the time we are probably unaware of the source of the words we use, rather like the old la

12、dy who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well-known proverbs and quotations. Shakespeare, more perhaps than any other writer, makes full use of the great resources of the English language. Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal use of English

13、. Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand. There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it. Such study is well worth the effort(it is not, of course, recomme

14、nded to beginners)even though some aspects of English usage, and the meaning of many words, have changed since Shakespeare“s day.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.English people are sure who is the world“s greatest dramatist.B.English people

15、never discuss any issue concerning the world“s greatest dramatist.C.English people have never discussed who is the world“s greatest dramatist.D.English people do not care who is the world“s greatest writer.(2).Every Englishman knows_.（分数：2.00）A.Shakespeare, but all with limited knowledgeB.more or le

16、ss about ShakespeareC.all Shakespeare“s writingsD.only the name of the greatest English writer(3).According to the author of this passage, _.（分数：2.00）A.we use all the words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare“s writingsB.Shakespeare“s writings have become the property of those who are learning

17、to speak EnglishC.it is likely that people often do not know the origin of the words they useD.all the words that English-speaking people use are taken from Shakespeare“s writings(4).What does the word “proverb“ mean?（分数：2.00）A.Complaints.B.Shakespeare“s plays.C.Familiar sayings.D.Well-known phrases

18、.(5).Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English?（分数：2.00）A.English words have changed a lot since Shakespeare“s times.B.Beginners may have difficulty learning some aspects of English usage.C.English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeare“s ti

19、mes.D.By doing so one can be fully aware of the richness of the English language.Today our knowledge of food and what it does for our bodies are far more advanced than that of the old times. Now we know about vitamins and how each kind of vitamin helps in the growth of a particular part of our body.

20、 There are on the market all kinds of vitamins which one can take to make up for one“s lack of certain important things, which are needed for good health. Of course, if we eat well and properly, the food that we eat will take care of our body and so there is no need to take any kinds of vitamins unl

21、ess our doctor tells us that our bodies are short of something, which can be supplied by them. Generally speaking, everything we eat does some good to our body. But if we eat too much of one kind of food and pay too little attention to others, we may have too much of one kind and not enough of other

22、s. Then we may be in trouble. We are often told that we must eat some meat at each meal in order to get the necessary proteins. That is only partly true, for proteins are not found only in meat. We can also get them from some vegetables. The best advice about what to eat is that we should eat all ki

23、nds of food but never too much of any.（分数：10.00）(1).One may take certain vitamins when_.（分数：2.00）A.one wants to encourage the growth of a particular part of the bodyB.one eats all kinds of foodC.one“s health is harmed by the lack of certain things which can be supplied by vitaminsD.one eats well and

24、 properly(2).The main idea of the second paragraph is that_.（分数：2.00）A.our health will be harmed if we eat everythingB.all kinds of food should be eaten to keep good balanceC.we should eat all kinds of food but not too littleD.we should eat more of some kinds of food than others(3).Proteins are foun

25、d_.（分数：2.00）A.only in meatB.in all kinds of foodC.more in vegetables than in meatD.in some vegetables as well as in meat(4).Which of the following statements is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.All kinds of food are good to our health no matter how much we eat.B.Meat is the best food of all.C.Too much of any kinds o

26、f food is bad to one“s health.D.Vitamins are more useful than natural food.(5).The main topic of this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.food and healthB.vitamins and proteinsC.meat, vegetables and proteinsD.food and vitamins在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编 8 答案解析(总分：30.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Resea

27、rchers have shown that noise can adversely affect human in both physiological and psychological ways. Hearing losses in particular occupations such as shipbuilding and construction work are well-known. In fact, however, we all find hearing more difficult as we age. Young ears can distinguish a wide

28、range of sounds from low to very high frequencies, while older ears lose the ability to distinguish high-pitched sounds. A comparison of people living in some industrialized and non-industrialized areas suggests that this hearing loss may not necessarily accompany old age. Furthermore, a closer insp

29、ection of other data reveals economic effects. For instance, an increased turnover in property has been observed in noisy areas near airports. Job performance can be adversely affected by loud noise, especially if accuracy and mental effort are involved. The use of outdoor areas for conversation is

30、not possible for an estimated 5 to 10 million people who live or work in urban areas. When interference with television or speech or sleep is included, as many as 22 to 24 million people can be said to have lost part of the use of their homes and grounds because of noise. Thus noise pollution is a s

31、erious environmental concern. The indifferent attitude toward noise should be overcome; considerable efforts should be made to alert people to the grave effects that may stem from an excessively noisy environment.（分数：10.00）(1).We can learn from this passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.young people are sensitiv

32、e to high-pitched sounds B.young people distinguish low frequency noise better than old peopleC.high frequency noise can cause hearing loss in old peopleD.people in industrialized areas will suffer hearing loss when they are old解析：解析：这是一道细节题，可定位在本文第 1 段“Young ears can distinguish a widerange of soun

33、ds from low to very high frequencies，while older ears lose the ability to distinguish highpitched sounds”说明年轻人比老年人更能分辨高频声音，选项 A 是其同义表达。选项 B“年轻人比老年人更能分辨低频声音”，与原文不符。第一段的最后一句说，比较生活在工业发达地区和工业不发达地区的人，发现听力损失不一定和年龄的增长有关。它暗示，只有住在工业区的人们听力才会逐渐受到损害。选项 C“低频噪声会让老年人听力衰退”和原文主旨不符。选项 D“住在工业不发达地区的人年老后会听力衰退”与原文意思不符。(2

34、).According to the passage, noise affects human beings_.（分数：2.00）A.physiologically, psychologically and economically B.physiologically and psychologicallyC.physiologically and economicallyD.psychologically and economically解析：解析：题干问的是噪声在哪些方面对人类产生影响，本文第一段就说了噪声在生理和心理上给人带来不利影响。第二段开头又提到了噪声在经济上还会给人带来不利影响。

35、因此，影响是三方面的，选项 A为正确答案。(3).It can be inferred from the passage that loud noise has greater effects on people who work_.（分数：2.00）A.in ship-yards B.in officesC.at airportsD.on work sites解析：解析：这是一道推断题，问的是噪声对哪些人产生更大的影响。文中第一段提到了一些特定的行业，诸如造船厂和建筑工地工作的人会有听力损失，因此显然答案为 A，在造船厂工作的人受噪声危害很大。(4).Which is NOT true ac

36、cording to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Different occupations have different effects on people“s hearing ability.B.People working in noisy environment are more likely to develop hearing problems.C.Noise can affect people“s daily lives. D.Urban people live in smaller homes because of noise.解析：解析：这是一道判断题，要注

37、意题干中的 NOT。选项 A“不同职业对人的听力有不同的影响”，符合文意。选项 B“在嘈杂环境中工作的人听力更有可能出问题”，这也符合第一段结尾的大意。选项C“噪声能影响人们的日常生活”，文章并未提及。选项 D 可以由第二段结尾两句话推断得出。(5).The last paragraph implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.People are generally concerned about noise pollutionB.many people haven“t yet realized the adverse effects of noise pollution C.Pe

38、ople are making efforts to overcome the noise problemD.People are alert to excessively noisy environment解析：解析：这也是一道推断题。通过最后一段“The indifferent attitude toward noiseshould be overcome”可以推断出有许多人现在还没有意识到噪声污染的危害，选项 B 是正确答案。“considerable efforts should be made”中 should 一词告诉我们这些努力还没有做，因此可排除选项 C 和选项 D。For a

39、ny Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the world“s greatest dramatist. Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of William Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of the greatest writer. All of us use words, phrases and quota

40、tions from Shakespeare“s writings that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking people. Most of the time we are probably unaware of the source of the words we use, rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well-kno

41、wn proverbs and quotations. Shakespeare, more perhaps than any other writer, makes full use of the great resources of the English language. Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal use of English. Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand. There is probably no better way

42、 for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it. Such study is well worth the effort(it is not, of course, recommended to beginners)even though some aspects of English usage, and the meaning of many words,

43、 have changed since Shakespeare“s day.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.English people are sure who is the world“s greatest dramatist. B.English people never discuss any issue concerning the world“s greatest dramatist.C.English people have ne

44、ver discussed who is the world“s greatest dramatist.D.English people do not care who is the world“s greatest writer.解析：解析：这是一道是非判断题。根据四个选项很显然可以定位在第一段。第一段的前两句就告诉我们，每个英国人都认为莎士比亚是世界上最伟大的剧作家，选项 A 是其同义表达，因此是正确答案。选项 B 意为“英国人从不谈论有关最伟大剧作家的问题”，选项 C 和 B 意思相同，选项 D 意为“英国人从不关心谁是世界上最伟大的剧作家”。(2).Every Englishman k

45、nows_.（分数：2.00）A.Shakespeare, but all with limited knowledgeB.more or less about Shakespeare C.all Shakespeare“s writingsD.only the name of the greatest English writer解析：解析：这是一道事实细节题。可定位在第一段的第三句话“Every Englishman has some knowledge，however slight，of the work of the greatest writer”从中，我们可知每个英国人都或多或少对

46、莎翁有些了解，因此选 B。选项 A“所有人对莎翁了解有限”和选项 C“知道莎翁的所有作品”都说得太绝对。(3).According to the author of this passage, _.（分数：2.00）A.we use all the words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare“s writingsB.Shakespeare“s writings have become the property of those who are learning to speak EnglishC.it is likely that people

47、 often do not know the origin of the words they use D.all the words that English-speaking people use are taken from Shakespeare“s writings解析：解析：这是一道主旨题。选项 A 和选项 D 都出现了“all”一词，说得太绝对，可以同时排除。选项 B“莎翁的作品已经成为那些英语学习者的财富”，而文章最后一句话则说明对于英语初学者，不推荐研读莎翁的作品，因此不选。(4).What does the word “proverb“ mean?（分数：2.00）A.Co

48、mplaints.B.Shakespeare“s plays.C.Familiar sayings. D.Well-known phrases.解析：解析：这是一道词语释义题。“proverb”一词出现在原文第一段最后一句话，根据上下文，“proverb”连普通老妇人都知道，并且很出名，那么只有选项 C“熟悉的谚语”正确。(5).Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English?（分数：2.00）A.English words have changed a lot since Sha

49、kespeare“s times.B.Beginners may have difficulty learning some aspects of English usage.C.English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeare“s times.D.By doing so one can be fully aware of the richness of the English language. 解析：解析：这是一道细节题。本文最后一段的第一句话表明对于一个外国人来说，研读莎翁对英语丰富多彩的使用方法是欣赏英语丰富性和多样性最好的方法，因此选项 D 是正确答案。选项 C 与原文内容不符。Today our knowledge of food and what it does for our bodies are far more advanced than that of the old times. Now we know about vitamins and how each kind of vitamin