2019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习Unit4Globalwarming（含解析）新人教版选修6.doc

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1、1Unit 4 Global warming李仕才【短文语法填空】Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world.Kung fu，1. (especial)，has had a great effect 2. the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that，they may come to China and learn about some other 3. (aspect) of

2、this culture. Other Asian nations have long known about the 4. (great) of ancient Chinese culture.Their own cultures are 5. mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism，something that continues today even as it 6. (challenge) by pop culture. Thi

3、s strength comes from the ideas 7. (give) in the Four Books of Confucianism，which was built upon the ideas of an even 8. (much) ancient period codified(编纂) in the Five Classics.From them，the West learns 9. is uniquely Chinese，for example，feng shui.So far China has taken steps 10. (further) this spre

4、ad of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国文化对世界的影响。1especially 解析：考查副词。尤其是中国功夫，对于那些通过功夫初次了解中国的数百万的人来讲，有着非常大的影响。especially“尤其是” ，用于强调突出的人或者事情。2on 解析：考查介词。have a(n)effect on sb.“对某人有影响”为固定搭配，故填 on。3aspects 解析：考查名词单复数。

5、他们可能会来到中国，学习了解中国文化的一些其他方面。根据空前的“some other”及 aspect作“方面，层面”讲时是可数名词可知，此处应用 aspect的复数形式 aspects。4greatness 解析：考查名词。其他亚洲国家很早以前就知道古代中国文化的博大。根据空前的“the”及空后的“of”可知，此处应填名词 greatness。5a 解析：考查冠词。这些国家自身的文化是本土文化和中国特色(文化)的混合。mix在此作名词，意为“混合，结合” ，是可数名词，且此处表示泛指，故用 a。26is challenged 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据本文的基本时态为一般现在时可知，此

6、处亦用一般现在时；it 在此指代上文中的“Confucianism” ，和 challenge之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填 is challenged。7given 解析：考查过去分词。这种力量来自“四书”中所提供的观念。the ideas与 give之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。8more 解析：考查比较级。 “四书”是依照“五经”的编纂中所体现的更为早期的思想而著成的。根据句意及空前的“even”可知，此处应用比较级形式，故填 more。9what 解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导宾语从句，作learns的宾语，空处在宾语从句中作主语，且此处表示

7、“所的事物” ，故用 what。10to further 解析：考查非谓语动词。目前，中国已经采取措施进一步推广中国文化。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作目的状语，故应用不定式形式。further 在此用作动词，意为“促进，增进” 。(对应学生用书 P148)一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇_quantity_ n量；数量_tend_ vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理_oppose_ vt.反对；反抗_opposed_ adj.反对的；对立的_state_ vt.陈述；说明_statement_ n陈述；说明_range_ n范围；种类_glance_ vi.看一下；扫视 n一瞥stead

8、y adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的_steadily_ adv.平稳地；持续地_tendency_ n倾向；趋势_average_ adj.平均的_circumstance_ n环境；情况_growth_ n增长；生长2常考词汇3advocate vt._拥护；提倡；主张_casual adj._随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的_consume vt._消费；消耗_consumer n_消费者_phenomenon n_现象_phenomena pl._现象_consequence n_结果；后果；影响_consequently adv._因此，所以_existence n_生存；存在_exist

9、vi._存在_contribution n_贡献_contribute v_贡献；撰稿_用所给单词的适当形式填空1The national park has a large collection of wildlife，_ranging_ (range) from butterflies to elephants.(2017北京卷)2As a result，humans developed a range of character types that still _exists_ (exist) today.(2016北京卷)3It can be quite an eye opener to

10、 see the range of classical apples still in _existence_ (exist)，such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.(2016全国卷)4His comprehensive surveys have provided the most explicit _statements_ (state) of how，and on what basis，data are collected.(2016江苏卷)5The college years are supposed to be a time for i

11、mportant _growth_ (grow) in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity.(2016北京卷)6Who made a great _contribution_ (contribute) to the civil rights movement in the US？(2016全国卷)7The common cold is a good example：women，on average，get _fewer_ (few) colds than men.(2016四川卷)8Some think that a wom

12、ans body cells have a _tendency_ (tend) to age more slowly than a mans.(2016四川卷)“环境，情况”名词家族circumstance 环境；情况environment 环境，周围状况，自然环境4surroundings (周围的)环境/事物condition 状况，情况situation 形势，情况后缀ation 必备名词集锦presentation 显示，演出continuation 连续，继续reformation 改革，革新declination 倾斜，衰微explanation 解释inspiration 鼓舞，

13、激励invitation 邀请modernization 现代化organization 组织preparation 准备“re”为前缀的高频词速记refresh vt.使恢复；使振作replace vt.替换；取代；更换；把放回原处resist vt.抗拒；抵抗；抵御；忍住 vi.抵抗；抵制；抗拒restore vt.恢复；使复原；使复位return v返回；(使)恢复；送还 n返回；归还；回报与“电”有关的单词荟萃electrical adj.电的；与电有关的electricity n电；电流electric adj.电的；电动的electronic adj.电子的electrics n电

14、路electrician n电工；电学家【完形填空】I worried about my personal image and how I could be remembered during my boyhood.In the fifth grade，there seemed to be only one _1_ to be cool.In the sixth grade，suddenly，there were two choices：be cool，or be invisible._2_ ，one day，when a teacher had us fill out a questionn

15、aire with _3_ questions，I found the _4_ option.Assuming(假定)the teacher would read our answers privately，I felt it was 5_5_ to share my privacy.To my _6_ ，she collected and redistributed(重新分发)them to us.We were asked to _7_ the name and our three favorite answers to the whole class.My answers went to

16、 the meanest boy in class.The first question was“Whats your favorite movie？” My answer was Beauty and the Beast.A laugh erupted and my cheeks _8_.The next was“Where would you like to travel？” My answer was _9_ special “Wherever a book takes me.”The _10_ this time had an explosive quality.I could _11

17、_ remember what happened next；all that I had in mind was the laughter.But something amazing happened.A(n) _12_ came， “Guys，cut it out.”The room went _13_ .Its Michelle Siever，a popular and cool girl.Then she _14_ ， “Why are you laughing? What is the point of _15_ if we just laugh at others？”I cant r

18、emember the teacher or other kids names，but I remember Michelles.When she _16_ for me that day，she _17_ me we actually have three choices if we want to be remembered.Be cool，and you might be remembered _18_.Stay invisible，and you wont be remembered at all.But if you stand up _19_ someone when he or

19、she _20_ you most，then you will be remembered as their hero for the rest of their life.1A.tool BchoiceCchance Dpurpose2A.However BIn additionCTherefore DIn fact3A.personal BfunnyCvarious Dstrange4A.wrong BformerCthird Dlatter5A.terrible BsafeCnervous Dinteresting6A.surprise BanxietyCdelight Dexpecta

20、tion7A.repeat BrememberCcompare Dread8A.ached BpaledCchanged Dburned69A.even BstillCnever Dalways10A.laughter BquestionCair Dclass11A.nearly BexactlyChardly Dsurely12A.request BmessageCorder Dvoice13A.crazy BsilentCangry Dempty14A.announced BsmiledCadded Dstopped15A.talking BchattingCarguing Dsharin

21、g16A.talked about Bcalmed downCleft behind Dspoke up17A.reminded BpromisedCshowed Dpersuaded18A.for a while BfinallyCagain and again Dhopefully19A.before BwithCfor Dby20A.misses BneedsCvalues Dloves【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在老师组织的全班问卷调查活动中， “我”的回答引起全班同学哄堂大笑，这时一个女生站起来帮助“我”走出困境。同时， “我”明白了一个道理：在别人需要你的时候站出来会被别人永远记

22、住。【核心词汇】image n印象，形象 invisible adj.无形的，看不见的 fill out填写 cut out 阻挡，删除，住口1B 根据空后一句中的“In the sixth grade, suddenly, there were two choices”可知，此处表示，在五年级，似乎只有唯一的选择(choice)来让别人记住自己装酷。2A 根据下文内容可知，老师让同学们填调查问卷这件事使“我”改变了原先的看法，故前后为转折关系，所以选 A。73A 根据下文中的“share my privacy”可推知，此处表示老师要求回答的是我们的私人(personal)问题。所以选 A。4

23、C 根据上文内容可知，到六年级， “我”突然认为被别人记住有两个选择，但是通过老师让同学们填调查问卷这件事， “我”发现了第三种选择。所以选 C。5B 根据上文内容可知，假如老师私下阅读我们的回答， “我”就感觉分享的隐私是安全的(safe)。所以选 B。6A 根据上下文可知，老师没有私下阅读我们的回答而是重新分发，让同学之间互读，这种做法让“我”感到吃惊。所以选 A。7D 参见上题解析。8D 根据空前的“A laugh erupted”及常识可知， “我”对第一个问题的回答引起了同学们的大笑，由此可知， “我”当时面颊发烫(burned)。选项 D符合语境。9B 根据下文中的“this ti

24、me had an explosive quality”可知， “我”对第二个问题的回答仍然(still)是特别的，因此这一次笑声(laughter)更加强烈。still“仍然，还是” ，符合语境。10A 参见上题解析。11C 根据空后的“all that I had in mind was the laughter”可知，此处指“我”几乎不能(hardly)记得后面发生了什么，所以选 C。12D 根据下文中的“Guys, cut it out”可知，Michelle Siever 的声音(voice)传来，所以选 D。13B 根据上下文可知，这个声音使整个房间安静(silent)了下来。14

25、C 根据空后的两个问句可知，Michelle Siever 继续在说，即补充道(added)。15D 根据全文的内容，尤其是老师要求我们填调查问卷然后交换并在全班朗读这一活动过程可知，这是同学们之间的一次交流分享(share)活动。所以选 D。16D 根据上文内容可知， “我”对两个问题的回答引起全班的大笑，这时 Michelle Siever的话使全班安静下来，据此可推断她在替“我”辩护。所以选 D。 speak up(for sb./sth.)“(尤指为)说好话，辩护” 。17C 她替“我”辩护这件事向“我”展示(showed)了如果想要被人们记住，我们有三种选择。所以选 C。18A 通过

26、这件事， “我”知道装酷只能被别人记住一时(for a while)。所以选 A。19C 根据上文内容可知， “我”之所以能够摆脱困境是因为 Michelle Siever为“我”辩护。所以“我”总结出想要被别人记住的第三种选择是：当人们需要(needs)你时，你站出来为(for)他们说话，这样你就会被他们当做英雄一样被铭记一生。所以选 C。20B 参见上题解析。8二重点短语识记思考运用1动词介词come _about_ 发生；造成subscribe _to_ 同意；赞成；订购go _up_ 上升；增长；升起keep _on_ 继续2其他形式quantities _of_ 大量的result

27、_in_ 导致be opposed _to_ 反对even _if_ 即使_on_ the whole 大体上；基本上on behalf _of_ 代表一方；作为的代言人put up _with_ 忍受；容忍so long _as_ 只要_and_ so on 等等用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1The earlier death of Russians may _result in_ a shrinking population, which would damage its economic future.(2017江苏卷)2Now，_on behalf of_ my schoolmates

28、，I wish you a safe return.I also hope that there will be more events of this kind in the future.(2016天津卷)3People are learning how to organize _huge quantities of_ information so that they are able to access it at a later date.(2015安徽卷)4 “I will not _put up with_ your bad behaviour any longer.”said t

29、he girl angrily.5If we _keep on_ our way for another hour，we should reach the village.6We want to know how it _came about_ that humans speak so many different languages.“动词about”必备短语一览argue about 争论bring about 带来care about 在意9complain about 报怨come about 发生；造成hear about 听说know about 了解talk about 谈论th

30、ink about 考虑worry about 担心“动词短语with”必备短语荟萃end up with 以结束do away with 废除get on(along) with 和相处deal with 处理，应付go on with 继续catch up with 赶上keep up with 跟上put up with 忍受“代替”的表达法take the place oftake ones placereplace sb./sth.in place of三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句 学句型 练仿写1.There is no doubt that the earth is

31、 becoming warmer.毫无疑问，地球正在变暖There is no doubt that.“毫无疑问” ，that 引导同位语从句。毫无疑问，你们提供的交换生活动非常有意义。_There is no doubt that_ the exchanging student program offered by you is very meaningful.2.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on w

32、arming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的even if/though“即使；尽管” ，引导让步状语从句。尽管我们都尽最大的努力去说服 Dean，但是他依然拒绝参加这场比赛。Dean still refused to join in the game，_even if/though we all did our best to persuade him_.10含量，在未来几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。3.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you a

33、re using itif not，turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！so/as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。只要我们不失去信心，继续努力，我们一定能克服困难，实现目标。_So/As long as we dont lose heart_ and keep on trying，we are sure to get over difficulties，and achieve our aims.【七选五】A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden tha

34、t seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 1 . But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening proces

35、s. 2 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 3 .However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. On

36、e of them comes from our earliest years. Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. 4 how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to

37、build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 5 . Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you garden11B. Find a good place for your own gardenC. Its our experienc

38、e of the garden that mattersD. Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，

39、美丽的花园能给我们带来美好的视觉享受，文章中给出了两个自己建设花园的具体建议。1.F 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据文章首句及下文的But it doesnt happen by accident可知，这里是在讲你是否曾去过一个花园但是它不是偶然发生的。故 F项You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too符合语境。3.E 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的Some people may think.和Others are concerned about.可知此处表达的是人们种植花园的不同原因，而 E项

40、中的Still others may simply enjoy.与上下文衔接自然，故选 E项。4.C 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的.but thats not whats important和下文中的how being in those gardens made us feel可知此处讲的应是什么是重要的，故 C项符合语境。5.G 【解析】考查上下文的衔接。上文的the gardens of your youth以及下文的your childhood memories与 G项中的those gardens和the strongest memory you have相呼应，故选 G项。12