EN ISO 22030-2011 en Soil quality - Biological methods - Chronic toxicity in higher plants《土质 生物方法 高等植物的慢性毒性》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDSoil quality Biological methods Chronic toxicity in higher plantsICS 13.080.30g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN

2、ISO22030:2011National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 22030:2011. It is identical to ISO 22030:2005. It supersedes BS ISO 22030:2005, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/4, Soil quality.A list of organiza

3、tions represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

4、BS EN ISO 22030:2011This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on4 March 2005 BSI 2011Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments 31 August 2011 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 22030:2005 as BS EN ISO 22030:2011ISBN 978 0

5、580 73159 4EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 22030 June 2011 ICS 13.080.30 English Version Soil quality - Biological methods - Chronic toxicity in higher plants (ISO 22030:2005) Qualit du sol - Mthodes biologiques - Toxicit chronique sur les plantes suprieures (ISO 22030:2005)

6、 Bodenbeschaffenheit - Biologische Verfahren - Chronische Toxizitt in hheren Pflanzen (ISO 22030:2005) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 June 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standar

7、d the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English,

8、French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulga

9、ria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR

10、STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 22030:2011: EForeword The text of ISO 22030

11、:2005 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 22030:2011 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Stand

12、ard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of

13、 this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European

14、Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the Un

15、ited Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 22030:2005 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 22030:2011 without any modification. BS EN ISO 22030:2011EN ISO 22030:2011 (E)iiIS:03022 O5002(E) I SO 5002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative reference

16、s . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Principle . 4 5 Materials. 4 5.1 Test plants . 4 5.2 Soil and soil storage . 4 5.2.1 General. 4 5.2.2 Test soil 5 5.2.3 Control soil 5 5.3 Reference substance 6 6 Apparatus. 6 7 Methods 8 7.1 Experimental design . 8 7.2 Pre-test. 8 7.3 Preliminary test (range-findi

17、ng). 8 7.4 Final test. 9 7.5 Preparation of the pots. 9 7.6 Preparation of the seeds 9 7.7 Growth conditions 9 7.8 Start of the test 10 7.9 Handling during the test. 10 7.9.1 Number of plants and thinning out . 10 7.9.2 Watering. 10 7.9.3 Rearrangement of test vessels 10 7.9.4 Pollination 10 7.9.5 R

18、eporting . 11 7.10 Endpoint measurements 11 7.10.1 Seedling emergence . 11 7.10.2 Harvest at day 14. 11 7.10.3 Final harvest 11 7.11 Summary and timetable of the test . 12 8 Validity criteria 13 9 Assessment of the results . 13 9.1 Presentation of measured data . 13 9.2 Statistical analysis 14 9.2.1

19、 Preliminary test . 14 9.2.2 Final test. 14 9.2.3 NOEC (no observed effect concentration) approach 14 9.2.4 ECx(effect concentration) approach. 14 10 Test report 15 Annex A (informative) Testing of chemicals in soil 16 Bibliography . 17 BS EN ISO 22030:2011EN ISO 22030:2011 (E)IS:03022 O5002(E) iv I

20、 SO 5002 All irthgs ersedevrForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body intereste

21、d in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Com

22、mission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the techni

23、cal committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO sh

24、all not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22030 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 4, Biological methods. BS EN ISO 22030:2011EN ISO 22030:2011 (E)IS:03022 O5002(E) I SO 5002 All irthgs ersedevr vIntroduction This Intern

25、ational Standard describes a procedure for evaluating the quality of soils of different origin carrying unknown contaminations. The method, slightly modified, can also be used to measure the toxicity of known chemicals incorporated into soil. The evaluation of the inhibition and chronic toxicity is

26、based on emergence, vegetative growth and reproductive capacity of at least two species of higher plants. This International Standard is based on: a) results of the research project “Development of a chronic bioassay using higher plants”, sponsored by the German Ministry for Education and Research (

27、BMBF), Bonn 3, and b) discussions within the joint project “Ecotoxicological Test Batteries” forming part of the BMBF Joint Research Group “Processes for the Bioremediation of Soil” 10. BS EN ISO 22030:2011EN ISO 22030:2011 (E)blankINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:03022 O5002(E)I SO 5002 All irthgs ersedev

28、r 1Soil quality Biological methods Chronic toxicity in higher plants WARNING Contaminated soils can contain unknown mixtures of toxic, mutagenic or otherwise harmful chemicals or infectious microorganisms. Occupational health risks can arise from dust or evaporated chemicals during handling and incu

29、bation. Furthermore, test plants can absorb chemicals from the soil and safety measures should also be considered when handling these test plants. 1 Scope This International Standard describes a method for determining the inhibition of the growth and reproductive capability of higher plants by soils

30、 under controlled conditions. Two species are recommended: a rapid-cycling variant of turnip rape (Brassica rapa CrGC syn. Rbr) and oat (Avena sativa). The duration of test should be sufficient to include chronic endpoints that demonstrate the reproductive capability of the test plants. By using nat

31、ural test soils, e.g. from contaminated sites or remediated soils, and by comparing the development of the test plants in these soils with reference or standard control soils, the test can be used to assess soil quality, especially the function of the soil as a habitat for plants. Annex A describes

32、modifications allowing use of the chronic plant assay for the testing of chemicals incorporated into soil. By preparing a dilution series of a test substance in standard control soils, the same endpoints can be measured to assess the chronic toxicity of chemicals. This method is not applicable to vo

33、latile substances, i.e. substances for which H (Henrys constant) or the air/water partition coefficient is greater than 1, or for which the vapour pressure exceeds 0,013 3 Pa at 25 C. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. Fo

34、r dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 11268-1:1993, Soil quality Effects of pollutants on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) Part 1: Determination of acute toxicity using artificial s

35、oil substrate ISO 11268-2:1998, Soil quality Effects of pollutants on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) Part 2: Determination of effects on reproduction ISO 11269-2, Soil quality Determination of the effects of pollutants on soil flora Part 2: Effects of chemicals on the emergence and growth of higher pla

36、nts ISO 15176:2002, Soil quality Characterization of excavated soil and other soil materials intended for re-use ISO 15799, Soil quality Guidance on the ecotoxicological characterization of soils and soil materials ASTM D1076:2002, Standard Specification for Rubber-Concentrated, Ammonia Preserved, C

37、reamed, and Centrifuged Natural Latex BS EN ISO 22030:2011EN ISO 22030:2011 (E)IS:03022 O5002(E) 2 I SO 5002 All irthgs ersedevr3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 artificial soil mixture of sand, kaolinite, peat and calcium carbo

38、nate NOTE ISO 11268-1 describes such a soil for toxicity tests using earthworms. Pure quartz sand, mineral wool, vermiculite or other synthetic substrates should not be used. 3.2 biomass total mass of shoots, flowers and seed pods NOTE 1 Biomass is expressed as dry mass per plant or, if needed, as d

39、ry mass per pot. NOTE 2 During the test period, some of the test plants can reach different growth stages and their water content can differ when the plants are harvested. Thus the dry mass better represents the biomass produced during the growth period. 3.3 concentration mass of test substance per

40、amount of soil NOTE Concentration is expressed as a mass fraction, in milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) of dry soil. 3.4 contaminant substance or agent present in the soil as a result of human activity ISO 15176:2002 3.5 control soil uncontaminated substrate, used as a control and as medium for prepar

41、ing dilution series with test soils or chemicals, that allows the growth of healthy plants NOTE Either artificial or natural standard or reference soils can be used, if unhindered growth of the test plants in these soils can be expected. In any case, differences in nutrient levels between a test soi

42、l and a control soil can affect the dose-response pattern. For example, a control soil much richer in nutrients than a test soil can result in a false positive result (i.e. the test soil appears to have a “toxic” effect on the growth of the test plants). If a control soil is poorer in nutrients than

43、 a test soil, hormesis (see 3.9) can be expected at low soil-mixture ratios, or even an inverse dose response relationship, if nutrient supply becomes the main effect. This International Standard does not provide numerical values for the nutrients. 3.6 effect concentration ECxconcentration (mass fra

44、ction) of a test chemical or the percentage (mass fraction) of a test soil at which a given endpoint is inhibited by x % compared to the control NOTE The effect concentration is expressed in milligrams per kilogram. When chemicals are tested, the ECxis expressed as mass of the test substance per dry

45、 mass of soil; when soils are tested, the ECxis expressed as a percentage of test soil dry mass per soil mixture dry mass. 3.7 emergence development of a seedling contained within a seed, ending the latent period NOTE It is expressed as the percentage of seedlings which emerge from test pots as comp

46、ared with the control pots. BS EN ISO 22030:2011EN ISO 22030:2011 (E)IS:03022 O5002(E) I SO 5002 All irthgs ersedevr 33.8 habitat function ability of soils/soil materials to serve as a habitat for microorganisms, plants, soil-living animals and their interactions (biocenosis) ISO 15799 3.9 hormesis

47、improvement of seedling emergence, growth or survival (or other response of the test plants) at low concentrations of chemicals or mixtures of soil that are toxic when applied at higher levels in comparison to the control 13.10 lowest observed effect concentration LOEC lowest tested concentration (m

48、ass fraction) of a test substance in soil at which a statistically significant effect on a given endpoint (p 0,05) compared with the control is observed cf. NOEC (3.11) NOTE Analogously, the term LOEC is used for the lowest tested mixture ratio of a test soil in a reference or a standard control soi

49、l at which a statistically significant effect is observed. The LOEC is expressed as mass of the test substance per mass of dry soil or, in the latter case, as percentage of test-soil dry mass per soil-mixture dry mass. All test concentrations above the LOEC have a harmful effect equal or greater than that observed at the LOEC. If this condition cannot be satisfied, an explanation should be given for how the LOEC and NOEC have been selected. 3.11 no observed effect concentration NOEC test substance concentration (mass frac