ASTM D5179-2016 Standard Test Method for Measuring Adhesion of Organic Coatings in the Laboratory by Direct Tensile Method《采用直接拉伸法测量实验室中有机涂层粘附性的标准试验方法》.pdf

《ASTM D5179-2016 Standard Test Method for Measuring Adhesion of Organic Coatings in the Laboratory by Direct Tensile Method《采用直接拉伸法测量实验室中有机涂层粘附性的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ASTM D5179-2016 Standard Test Method for Measuring Adhesion of Organic Coatings in the Laboratory by Direct Tensile Method《采用直接拉伸法测量实验室中有机涂层粘附性的标准试验方法》.pdf（9页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、Designation: D5179 02 (Reapproved 2008)D5179 16Standard Test Method forMeasuring Adhesion of Organic Coatings to PlasticSubstratesin the Laboratory by Direct TensileTestingMethod1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5179; the number immediately following the designation indicates the

2、 year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This test method covers the laboratory deter

3、mination of organic coating adhesion to plastic substrates by mounting andremoving an aluminuma metal stud from the surface of the coating and measuring the force required to break the coating/substratebond with a tensile tester. This test method may also be applied to substrates other than plastic.

4、1.2 This test method requires that the aluminummetal stud be adhered directly to the surface of a coated, cured panel (Fig. 1).1.3 This test method is used to compare the adhesion of coatings to various plastic or other substrates, thus allowing for aquantitative comparison of various coating/substr

5、ate binations in laboratory conditions.1.4 Other tensile test methods are Test MethodMethods D4541, D7234, D7522, and ISO 4624 (but are not technicallyequivalent).1.5 The values stated in inch-poundSI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions t

6、o SIinch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health pract

7、ices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion TestersD7234 Test Method for Pull-Off Adhesion Strength of Coatings on Concrete Using Portable Pull-Off Ad

8、hesion TestersD7522 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength for FRP Laminate Systems Bonded to Concrete Substrate2.2 Other Standard:ISO 4624 Paints and VarnishesPull-off test for adhesion33. Summary of Test Method3.1 An aluminumA metal stud is bonded directly to a coated cured panel. The adhesive is allow

9、ed to cure for 2 h at roomtemperature. according to manufacturers recommendations.The specimen is then subjected to test on a tensile tester equipped withan upper coupling adapter (Fig. 2), and a restraining device (Fig. 3).3.2 If a coating is to fulfill its function of protecting or decorating a su

10、bstrate, it must adhere to it for the expected service life.Because the substrate and its surface preparation (or lack of it) has a drastic effect on the adhesion of coatings, a method ofevaluation evaluating the adhesion of a coating to different substrates or surface treatments, or of different co

11、atingcoatings to thesame substrate and treatment, is of considerable usefulness in the industry.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties

12、of Applied Paint Films.Current edition approved July 1, 2008April 1, 2016. Published July 2008June 2016. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 asD5179 02.D5179 02 (2008). DOI: 10.1520/D5179-02R08.10.1520/D5179-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website

13、, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http

14、:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users co

15、nsult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocke

16、n, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Significance and Use4.1 The pull-off strength (commonly referred to as adhesion) of a coating is an important performance property that has beenused in specifications. This test method serves as a means for uniformly preparing and testing organic coatings on plasti

17、c or othersubstrates.4 Further information may be found in Appendix X1.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 Tensile Tester, Testercommercially available.A properly calibrated testing machine that can be operated at constant ratesof crosshead motion, and in which the error in the load measuring system shall

18、 not exceed 61 % of the maximum load expectedto be measured.NOTE 1A computer-controlled machine is preferable.5.2 AluminumMetal StudThe shape and dimensions of the stud are shown in Fig. 1. If aluminum studs are used, the surfacefor bonding may require treatment to improve adhesion. Such aluminum tr

19、eatments are commercially available.5.3 Upper Coupling AdaptorThe apparatus is shown in Fig. 2. The adaptor is 3 94 mm 3 34 in. (94 mm) long, 1 in. long,31 mm 1 14 in. (31 mm)in. in diameter at the top, and 1 in. (25 mm)25 mm 1 in. in diameter at the bottom. The hole, indicatedby “B,” is used to att

20、ach the adaptor to the tensile tester load cell. The hole has a 12-in. (13-mm)13-mm 12-in. diameter. Themachined opening indicated by “A,” is to receive the head of the aluminummetal stud.5.4 Restraining DeviceThe apparatus is shown in Fig. 3A and 3 B. The 12-in. (13-mm)13-mm 12-in. diameter hole, m

21、arked“A,” in the 263.5-mm 12-in.2 12(63.5-mm)-in. long, 131-mm. 14-in.1 14(31-mm)-in diameter lower coupling adapter, is usedto mount the device in the tensile tester. The top portion is 4 in. (100 mm)100 mm 4 in. in diameter, 19 mm34 in. (19 mm) in. high, and is fitted with a hole slightly larger t

22、han 19 mm34 in. (19 mm) in. in diameter to allow stud clearance. The bottom screw portion is machined to fit with the top portion and is13 mm12 in. (13 mm) in. thick. Fig. 3C illustrates the final appearance of the test assembly before it is tested.4 Gray, K. N., Buckley, S. E., and Nelson, G. L., “

23、Accessing Measurement Standards for Coating Adhesion to Plastics,” Modern Paint and Coatings Journal , Vol 75,No. 10, October 1985, p. 160.FIG. 1 Direct Tensile ModelFIG. 2 Upper Coupling AdaptorD5179 1625.5 Wooden Applicators, or Cotton Swabs used or other means to clean theexcess adhesive from aro

24、und the aluminummetalstud.5.6 Adhesive, cyanoacrylate adhesivea suitable glue.5. Since cyanoacrylate adhesives lose adhesive bond strength with time, donot use previously opened containers or lots of adhesive known to be old.5.7 Two-KilogramBonding Weight, approximately 2 in. (50 mm) in diameter and

25、 5 in. (130 mm) in height.a weight foundsuitable for consistently establishing the desired adhesive bond line for the chosen adhesive during samples preparation.6. Preparation and Conditioning of Specimen6.1 Sanding ProcedureSand the large face of the stud with 80-gritappropriate sandpaper, making c

26、ertain that the surface isuniformly roughened.When sanding studs, sand straight up and down; rotate stud one quarter of a turn and continue sanding. Makecertain the surface of the stud is flat but rough. While sanding, keep the stud face parallel to the sandpaper. Nonplanar surfacescannot be used in

27、 testing because they lead to nonuniform bonding of the stud to the coated surface. Only flat (planar) studs shouldbe used in testing. Planarity may be assessed by placing a stud on a flat surface and checking to see if the stud wobbles. Carefulpreparation of studs is essential for good adhesive adh

28、esion.6.2 Cleaning ProcedurePlace sanded studs in a large beaker. Pour technical grade acetone over the studs and swirl the beakerto completely wash the studs. Pour out acetone and repeat the cleaning procedure. Soak the stud for at least 15 min, pour out theacetone, and allow the studs to dry.Use a

29、 cleaning and surface treatment method known to be effective for metal studs. Commercialcleansers and metal surface treatments are available in form of liquids or ready-to-use wipes for many commonly used metals,including aluminum. Avoid touching the face of studs after cleaning.6.3 Place washed and

30、 dried studs and beaker in an oven at 120C and allow to heat for 1 h. Remove the beaker and studs fromthe oven and allow to cool. DO NOT TOUCH FACE OF STUDS.6.3 Spread four drops of cyanoacrylate adhesive on the large face of an aluminum stud. Next, quickly press the Prepare theadhesive in accordanc

31、e with the adhesive manufacturers recommendations. Apply the adhesive to the metal stud or the surfaceto be tested, or both, using a method recommended by the adhesive manufacturer. After assuring that the adhesive applicationsurface is completely covered, press the metal stud onto the coated test s

32、ubstrate. Place a 2-kg the appropriate bonding weight onthe stud to ensure good contact between the stud, adhesive, and surface of the coating. Clean the excess adhesive from the edgeof the stud with a wooden applicator. stud. Carefully remove the weight after 2 min.allowing sufficient time for the

33、adhesive toset.NOTE 1Substrate panels may be cut to any size that fits the restraining device.5 Elmers Wonder Bond Plus Super Glue, a cyanoacrylate adhesive sold by Elmers Products, Inc., 180 E. Broad St., Columbus, OH 43215, was found acceptablein the round-robin study upon which this test method i

34、s based. Other Fast-curing adhesives may be used if they provide adequate adhesion between the aluminummetal studand the coating being tested; the results reported in the Precision and Bias Section, however, may not apply. From other work it is noted that some cyanoacrylate tested aslong as they rem

35、ain neutral to the coating. Cyanoacrylate or epoxy adhesives were found to be suitable for some coatings. From other work, it is noted, that some adhesivesmay penetrate certain coatings and soften the coating or the plastic substrate. The same is true for other adhesives. Care in observation of unus

36、ual results is necessary to ensureagainst the possibility of error. This latter is to The error may be suspected if an adhesive gives an unexpectedly low result.Adhesives that yield a brittle adhesive layer shouldnot be used.FIG. 3 Direct Tensile Restraining DeviceD5179 163NOTE 2When the stud is pre

37、ssed, excess adhesive should escape from under the stud. Excess adhesive buildup at the edge of the stud is a major sourceof error if allowed to dry. This excess must be removed from around the stud. The adhesive may be removed using a wooden applicator and an absorbent,creped, low-lint material. So

38、me workers have found cotton swabs also work well when removing the excessive adhesive.NOTE 2Substrate panels may be cut to any size that fits the restraining device in a manner that prevents the substrate from flexing. Be aware thatas the area of the sample increases, the placement of the stub may

39、become more critical in fitting the sample in the device.NOTE 3When the stud is pressed, excess adhesive should escape from under the stud. Excess adhesive buildup at the edge of the stud is a major sourceof error if allowed to cure. This excess must be removed from around the stud. The adhesive may

40、 be removed using a wooden applicator, cotton swabs,or another suitable method.6.4 Allow the sample to cure for 2 h at room temperature Based on the adhesive manufacturers recommendations and theanticipated environmental conditions, allow enough time for the adhesive to cure (see Note 34).NOTE 4The

41、time specified led to the results reported in the Precision and Bias Section. IfA curing time of 2 h at room temperature using Elmers,Wonder Bond Plus, Super Glue6 other than the recommended adhesive is used, the user should be guided by the cure time recommended by the adhesivemanufacturer. A serie

42、s of preliminary tests at several cure times may be necessary in the selection of a time that ensures cure of the adhesive used.ledto the results reported in the Precision and Bias Section.NOTE 5When reusing aluminum studs, the studs must be soaked in acetone to remove the coating and resanded. It h

43、as been found that soaking thestuds in two separate acetone baths thoroughly removes the adhesive and coating. The first acetone bath is used to dissolve the cyanoacrylate Studs shouldbe cleaned from the remains of coating and adhesive, and the second is used to further clean and dissolve any coatin

44、g or adhesive left on the stud. Beforethe studs are used, they should be resanded and cleaned with acetone as specifiedbonding surface prepared as described in 6.1 and 6.2,. 6.3, andSeekadhesive 6.4.manufacturer advice if removal of the adhesive becomes difficult.6.5 ConditioningCondition the coated

45、 substrates for at least 24 h at 23 6 2C (73.5 6 3.5F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity,and and test in the same environment or immediately on removal therefrom, unless otherwise specified by as specified bymanufacturers recommendations or agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.6.6 ScoringScored

46、samples constitute a different test, and this procedure should be clearly reported with the results. If scoringaround the test surface adhered to the metal stud is employed, extreme care is required to prevent micro-cracking in the coating,since such cracks may cause reduced adhesion values. Scoring

47、 is only recommended for thicker film coatings, that is, thicknessesgreater than 500 m 20 mil.7. Procedure7.1 Install the restraining device and upper adaptor in the into a calibrated tensile tester.7.2 Calibrate the tensile tester. Make sure that the chart speed is set at 8 to 20 in./min (20 to 50

48、cm/min). Make sure that theVerify that the crosshead speed is set at 2 in./min1 mm/min(5 cm/min). Make sure that the chart full scale is set at 100 kg.0.04 in./min or such that the test is completed in about 100 s orless.7.3 Place the specimen to be tested in the restraining device (Fig. 3A and 3B).

49、 Pre-position the crosshead and then slowly lowerit so the upper coupling adaptor can be attached to the test specimen. Take care to prevent the crosshead from impacting into thetop of the specimen. Carefully attach the upper coupling adaptor to the stud (Fig. 3C).NOTE 5When testing thin substrates, a piece of plastic may be placed in the restraining device behind the test specimen to prevent the substrate fromflexing when the stud is pulled from it.NOTE 6Make sure that the substrate is not