ASTM D5080-2017 Standard Test Method for Rapid Determination of Percent Compaction《百分比压缩的快速测量的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D5080 08D5080 17Standard Test Method forRapid Determination of Percent Compaction1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5080; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A

2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method describes the procedure for rapidly determining the percent compaction and the variation from optimummoisturewater co

3、ntent of an in-place soil for use in controlling construction of compacted earth. These values are obtained bydeveloping a three-point compaction curve at the same moisturewater content as the in-place soil without knowing the value ofthe moisturewater content. The soil used for the compaction curve

4、 is normally the same soil removed from the in-place densitytest. For the remainder of this designation, this test method will be referred to as the rapid method.1.2 This test method is normally performed for soils containing more than 15 % fines (minus No. 200 75-m (No. 200) sievesize).1.3 When gra

5、vel-size particles are present in the soil being tested, this test method is limited to a comparison of the minus No.4 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve-size fraction of the in-place density material to a laboratory compaction test of minus No. 4 4.75-mm(No. 4) sieve-size material (MethodAof Test Methods D698).

6、 Subject to the limitations of Practice D4718, this test method is alsoapplicable to comparisons of other sieve-size fractions (for example, Method C of Test Methods D698) or other compactive efforts(for example, Test Methods D1557) if new moisture water content adjustment values are determined (see

7、 6.1 and Appendix X2).1.4 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shallnot be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.1.4.1 The use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm), or the recording of density

8、in pounds of mass per cubicfoot (lbm/ft3) should not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.1.4.2 The sieve designations are identified using the “standard” system in accordance with Specification E11, such as 25-mmand 75-m, followed by the “alternative” system of 1-in. and No. 200, res

9、pectively, in parentheses.1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in PracticeD6026 unless superseded by this standard.1.5.1 For purposes of comparing, a measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured

10、or calculated value(s)shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits.1.5.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected, recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industrystandard. In addition they are representative of the significan

11、t digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do notconsider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the users objectives;it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurat

12、e with these considerations. It isbeyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this

13、standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see See Section 9.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained FluidsD698 Test Met

14、hods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3)D1556 Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by Sand-Cone Method1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsi

15、bility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special and ConstructionControl Tests.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2008Feb. 1, 2017. Published March 2008February 2017. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20002008 asD5080 00.D5080 08. DOI: 10.1520/D5080-08.10.1520/D5080-17.2 For refer

16、encedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide th

17、e user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standa

18、rd as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteri

19、stics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700kN-m/m3)D2167 Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Rubber Balloon MethodD2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by MassD2937 Test Method for Density of Soil in

20、 Place by the Drive-Cylinder MethodD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used inEngineering Design and ConstructionD4718 Practice for Correction of Unit Weight and Water Content for Soils Containing Oversize ParticlesD6026 Pract

21、ice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical DataD6938 Test Methods for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsExcept as follows For definitions

22、of common technical terms in 3.2, all definitions are in accordance withthisstandard, refer to Terminology D653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 added water, zamount of water, expressed as a percentage, percentage of the wet soil mass, which is added to wet soilbefore compact

23、ing a specimen in the rapid method. Ifmethod; if the moisturewater content of the wet soil is decreased, the amountof “added water” is a negative number (for example, 2.0 %).3.2.2 C valueratio, expressed as a percentage, of in-place wet density at field moisturewater content to the wet density of al

24、aboratory compacted specimen prepared at field moisture content. Thewater content; the C value is a comparison of compactiveeffort of field compaction equipment to standard laboratory compactive effort.3.2.3 compaction curve at field moisturewater contentplot showing the relationship between wet den

25、sity at field moisture-water content (converted wet density) and the percent of “added water.”3.2.4 converted wet density, wetcwet density of a compacted specimen after being converted (by correcting for the amountof “added water”) to the wet density at field moisturewater content.3.2.5 D valueratio

26、, expressed as a percentage, of in-place wet density at field moisturewater content to laboratory maximumwet density as determined from a compaction curve developed at field moisturewater content as determined by the rapid method.Themethod; the D value is the rapid method equivalent of percent compa

27、ction.3.2.6 field moisturewater content, wfmoisturewater content of the minus No. 4 4.75-mm (No. 4) fraction of in-place soil.3.2.7 field wet density, wetfwet density as determined from an in-place density test.3.2.8 maximum wet density at field moisturewater content, mwet density defined by the pea

28、k of the laboratory compactioncurve at field moisturewater content.3.2.9 wf woexpression for the difference between the in-place moisturewater content and the optimum moisturewatercontent as determined by the rapid method.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A representative sample of soil is obtained in co

29、njunction with performing Test Method D1556, D2167, D6938, or D2937.Soil specimens are compacted in accordance with Method A of Test Methods D698. At least three specimens are compacted, thefirst at field (in-place) moisturewater content, and each of the remaining at different moisturewater contents

30、. A parabolic curve isassumed as defined by the three compaction points, and the peak point of the curve is determined mathematically. The ratio ofin-place wet density at field moisturewater content to laboratory maximum wet density is determined. An approximation of thedifference between optimum mo

31、isturewater content and field moisturewater content is determined. After the actual fieldmoisturewater content is determined by ovendrying in accordance with Test Methods D2216 (usually the next day), the drydensities, unit weights, and optimum moisturewater content are calculated.5. Significance an

32、d Use5.1 The rapid method is performed to quickly evaluate percent compaction and variation from optimum moisturewater contentof soils used in construction without knowing the value of field moisturewater content at the time of the test.5.1.1 Test results are usually determined within 1 to 2 h from

33、the start of the test.5.1.2 The value of percent compaction obtained using the rapid method will be the same as the percent compaction calculatedusing dry density values.5.1.3 The value of the difference between field moisturewater content and optimum moisturewater content will be approximate,but wi

34、ll be within 60.1 to 0.2 percentage point of the difference calculated once the field moisturewater content is known.D5080 1725.2 Test results may be used to determine if the compacted material meets density and moisture water content control valuesthat are specified as a percentage of a standard ma

35、ximum density and optimum moisturewater content such as determined inMethod A of Test Methods D698. A three-point compaction curve is used in place of the four- or five-point curve required in TestMethods D698.5.3 This test method is based on the assumption that a three-point compaction curve is a p

36、arabola at the section of the curveclose to optimum moisturewater content so that the peak point of the curve can be determined mathematically. This assumptionresults in the major difference between this test method and obtaining the maximum density and optimum moisturewater contentfrom a full five-

37、point compaction curve.5.4 Once the field ovendry moisturewater content has been determined, determined in accordance with Test Methods D2216,the values of dry density, dry unit weight, and optimum moisturewater content can be calculated (see Note 1).5.5 This test method can also be used for foundat

38、ion or borrow area material to compare in-place dry density and unit weightand moisturewater content to laboratory maximum dry density and unit weight and optimum moisturewater content.5.6 This test method has the advantage that the maximum density value can be obtained on the same soil excavated du

39、ring thein-place density test.NOTE 1Since there is no need to immediately determine the moisturewater contents of material from the in-place density test or the laboratorycompaction points, use of rapid moisturewater content determinations such as microwave, direct heat, nuclear, etc., is not needed

40、. However, if desired,the percent compaction and variation from optimum moisturewater content may be determined using dry density values based on rapid moisturewatercontent test methods. Using three compaction points and determining the maximum density mathematically would still apply. However, the

41、rapidmoisturewater content methods may give results that differ from the accepted oven-dried moisturewater content values and will lengthen the time ofperforming this test method.NOTE 2Notwithstanding the statements on precision and bias contained in this test method, the precision of this test The

42、quality of the resultsproduced by this test method is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used.Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of th

43、ese test methods arecautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable testing depends on many factors; Practice D3740provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.6. Interferences6.1 The moisture water content adjustment values were determined

44、based on average density and optimum moisturewatercontent values of a large number of soil samples containing only minus No. 4. 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve-size particles. The soil beingtested should be compared with the information in Appendix X2. For soils having properties significantly different, the

45、moisturewater content adjustment values may not be applicable. If this is the case, new adjustment values must be determined for thespecific soil (see Appendix X2).6.2 For samples significantly dry or wet of their optimum moisturewater content (+6.0 %, 4.0 %), the values wf wo are lessaccurate.7. Ap

46、paratus7.1 Equipment for determining the in-place density as required by this test method used.method.7.2 Equipment for preparing laboratory compaction specimens as required for Method A of Test Methods D698.7.3 Equipment for determining water content as required by this test method.7.4 Graduated Cy

47、linder, 100-mL capacity, graduated to 1 mL.7.4 Mixer, electric, bench, 3-speed, 13-hp, 60-cycle, 115-V motor or other appropriate device for mixing the soil with water.7.5 Electric Fan, or other drying device.7.6 Sieve, a 4.75-mm (No. 4) sieve conforming to the requirements of Specification E11.7.7

48、Miscellaneous EquipmentBrushes, knife, mixing pans, scoop, etc., for mixing or trimming soil specimens; bucket with lidor other suitable container for retaining the test sample.8. Reagents and MaterialsWater8.1 Tapwater that is free of acids, alkalies, and oils and is generally suitable for drinking

49、 should be used for wetting the soilprior to compaction.9. Hazards9.1 Safety HazardsWhile there are no safety hazards specific to this test method, there are safety precautions in the referencedtest designations that are applicable.9.2 Technical HazardsThe test specimens should be prepared and compacted as quickly as possible to minimize moisture loss.If the test is not performed immediately, store the sample in a moisture-proof container to prevent the loss of moisture. Adetermination of the moisturewater content before and after storage is recomm