ASTM D4506-2002(2006) Standard Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using a Radial Jacking Test《通过径向升高试验测定现场岩石物质变形模数的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D4506-2002(2006) Standard Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using a Radial Jacking Test《通过径向升高试验测定现场岩石物质变形模数的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D4506-2002(2006) Standard Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using a Radial Jacking Test《通过径向升高试验测定现场岩石物质变形模数的标准试验方法》.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 4506 02 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Method forDetermining the In Situ Modulus of Deformation of RockMass Using a Radial Jacking Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4506; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption o
2、r, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method is used to determine the in situmodulus of deformation of r
3、ock mass by subjecting a testchamber of circular cross section to uniformly distributedradial loading; the consequent rock displacements are mea-sured, from which elastic or deformation moduli may becalculated. The anisotropic deformability of the rock can alsobe measured and information on time-dep
4、endent deformationmay be obtained.1.2 This test method is based upon the procedures devel-oped by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation featuring longextensometers (1)2. An alternative procedure is also availableand is based on a reference bar (2).1.3 Application of the test results is beyond the scope of
5、thistest method, but may be an integral part of some testingprograms.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this stand
6、ard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in th
7、e Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rockas Used in Engineering Design and ConstructionD 4403 Practice for Extensometers Used in Rock3. Terminology3.1 Definitions: See Terminology D 653 for general defini-tions.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 deformationthe change in the
8、diameter of the exca-vation in rock (test chamber).4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A circular test chamber is excavated and a uniformlydistributed pressure is applied to the chamber surfaces bymeans of flat jacks positioned on a reaction frame. Rockdeformation is measured by extensometers placed in bor
9、eholesperpendicular to the chamber surfaces. Pressure is measuredwith a standard hydraulic transducer. During the test, thepressure is cycled incrementally and deformation is read ateach increment. The modulus is then calculated. To determinetime-dependent behavior, the pressure is held constant and
10、deformation is observed over time.5. Significance and Use5.1 Using this test method, a volume of rock large enough totake into account the influence of discontinuities on theproperties of the rock mass is loaded. The test should be usedwhen values are required which represent the true rock massprope
11、rties more closely than can be obtained through lessexpensive uniaxial jacking tests or other procedures.NOTE 1The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and thesuitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet
12、 thecriteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competentand objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard arecautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assurereliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D 3740prov
13、ides a means of evaluating some of those factors.6. Apparatus6.1 Chamber Excavation EquipmentThis includes drillingand “smooth wall” blasting equipment or mechanical excava-tion equipment capable of producing typically a 9-ft (3-m)diameter tunnel with a length about three times that dimension.1This
14、test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4506 02.2The boldfac
15、e numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended tothis standard.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary pag
16、e onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.2 Concreting EquipmentConcreting materials andequipment for lining the tunnel, together with str
17、ips of weakjointing materials for segmenting the lining.6.3 Reaction FrameThe reaction frame shall be com-prised of steel rings of sufficient strength and rigidity to resistthe force applied by flat jacks, as depicted in Fig. 1. For loadapplication by flat jacks, the frame must be provided withsmoot
18、h surfaces; hardwood planks are usually inserted be-tween the flat jacks and the metal rings.6.4 Loading Equipment, to apply a uniformly distributedradial pressure to the inner face of the concrete lining,including:6.4.1 Hydraulic Pump, with all necessary hoses, connectors,and fluid, capable of appl
19、ying the required pressure and ofholding this pressure constant to within 5 % over a period of atleast 24 h.6.4.2 Flat Jacks, used for load application (Fig. 1), of apracticable width and of a length equal at least to the diameterof the tunnel (9 ft (3m). The jacks should be designed to loadthe maxi
20、mum of the full circumference of the lining withsufficient separation to allow displacement measurements, andshould have a bursting pressure and travel consistent with theanticipated loads and displacements. Stainless steel flat jacks ineffective contact with 90 % of the area are recommended, withth
21、e maximum pressure capacity twice the design pressure.6.5 Load Measuring EquipmentLoad measuring equip-ment shall consist of one or more hydraulic pressure gages ortransducers of suitable range, capable of measuring the appliedpressure with an accuracy better than 62 %. Measurements areusually made
22、by means of mechanical gages. Particular care isrequired to guarantee the reliability of electric transducers andrecording equipment, when used.6.6 Displacement Measuring Equipment Displacementmeasuring equipment to monitor rock movements radial to thetunnel must have a precision better than 0.01 mm
23、. Multiple-position (six anchor points) extensometers in accordance withPractice D 4403 should be used. The directions of measure-ment should be normal to the axis of the tunnel. Measurements1. Measuring profile. 2. Distance equal to the length of active loading. 3. Control extensometer. 4. Pressure
24、 gage. 5. Reference beam. 6. Hydraulic pump. 7. Flat jack.8. Hardwood lagging. 9. Shotcrete. 10. Excavation diameter. 11. Measuring diameter. 12. Extensometer drillholes. 13. Dial gage extensometer. 14. Steel rod. 15. Expansionwedges. 16. Excavation radius. 18. Inscribed Circle. 19. Rockbolt anchor.
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
10000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- ASTMD450620022006STANDARDTESTMETHODFORDETERMININGTHEINSITUMODULUSOFDEFORMATIONOFROCKMASSUSINGARADIALJACKINGTEST

链接地址:http://www.mydoc123.com/p-517242.html