ITU-T L 1325-2016 Green ICT solutions for telecom network facilities (Study Group 5).pdf

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1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T L.1325 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (12/2016) SERIES L: ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF OUTSIDE

2、PLANT Green ICT solutions for telecom network facilities Recommendation ITU-T L.1325 ITU-T L-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS ENVIRONMENT AND ICTS, CLIMATE CHANGE, E-WASTE, ENERGY EFFICIENCY; CONSTRUCTION, INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION OF CABLES AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF OUTSIDE PLANT OPTICAL FIBRE CABLES Cable str

3、ucture and characteristics L.100L.124 Cable evaluation L.125L.149 Guidance and installation technique L.150L.199 OPTICAL INFRASTRUCTURES Infrastructure including node element (except cables) L.200L.249 General aspects and network design L.250L.299 MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION Optical fibre cable mainte

4、nance L.300L.329 Infrastructure maintenance L.330L.349 Operation support and infrastructure management L.350L.379 Disaster management L.380L.399 PASSIVE OPTICAL DEVICES L.400L.429 MARINIZED TERRESTRIAL CABLES L.430L.449 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU

5、-T L.1325 (12/2016) i Recommendation ITU-T L.1325 Green ICT solutions for telecom network facilities Summary Recommendation ITU-T L.1325 has been developed to introduce highly-efficient infrastructure solutions, including highly-efficient power solutions, renewable energy solutions, air conditioning

6、 energy-saving solutions and free and economical cooling solutions. Not every solution mentioned in this Recommendation is fit for everywhere. When operators choose the solution, it should be selected according to local situations. With the development of information and communication technologies,

7、and especially high power-density equipment, the energy consumption of communication industry is increasing. Therefore, we must pay attention to energy conservation, and protection of the environment. This Recommendation specifies Green ICT solutions for telecom network facilities. History Edition R

8、ecommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T L.1325 2016-12-14 5 11.1002/1000/13146 Keywords Energy efficiency, green solutions, ICT, telecom network. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field of your web browser, followed by the Recommendatio

9、ns unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T L.1325 (12/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telec

10、ommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization A

11、ssembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology

12、which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance wit

13、h this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory

14、language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of th

15、is Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the dat

16、e of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult

17、 the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T L.1325 (12/2016) iii Table of Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitio

18、ns 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 2 6 General requirements of green solutions 2 7 High efficiency power-feeding solutions 2 7.1 High-frequency switching rectifier sleeping mode solution 2 7.2 HVDC power feedin

19、g solution . 3 7.3 Hybrid power feeding solution with up to 400 VDC and AC power feeding system 3 7.4 Parallel active power filter solution 4 7.5 High temperature lead acid battery solution . 4 8 Renewable energy power supply solutions . 4 8.1 Solar power solution . 4 8.2 Wind power solution 5 8.3 F

20、uel cell power solution . 5 9 Air conditioning power-saving solutions 6 9.1 Refrigerant pump power-saving solutions 6 9.2 Adaptive control of air conditioning power-saving solution 6 9.3 Central air conditioning inverter solution . 7 10 Free and economical cooling solutions . 7 10.1 Outdoor fresh ai

21、r cooling solution 7 10.2 Heat exchange cooling solution 7 10.3 Heat pipe solution . 7 10.4 Wet film solution 8 10.5 Cooling tower free-cooling solution . 8 Bibliography. 10 Rec. ITU-T L.1325 (12/2016) 1 Recommendation ITU-T L.1325 Green ICT solutions for telecom network facilities 1 Scope This Reco

22、mmendation specifies Green ICT solutions for telecom network facilities and aims to increase the energy efficiency of the whole telecom network and to reduce carbon emissions. ICT infrastructure can be defined as a repository for the telecom equipment, management system, power system and cooling sys

23、tem. It is designed for maximum energy efficiency and minimum environmental impact. The construction and operation of telecom network infrastructures includes advanced technologies and strategies. This Recommendation provides a set of rules to be referred to when undertaking improvement of existing

24、telecom network infrastructure, or when planning, designing or constructing new ones. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions

25、 indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid IT

26、U-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a standalone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T L.1200 Recommendation ITU-T L.1200 (2012), Direct current power feeding interface up to 400 V at the input to telecommu

27、nication and ICT equipment. ITU-T L.1201 Recommendation ITU-T L.1201 (2014), Architecture of power feeding systems of up to 400 VDC. ITU-T L.1204 Recommendation ITU-T L.1204 (2016), Extended architecture of power feeding systems of up to 400 VDC. ITU-T L.1300 Recommendation ITU-T L.1300 (2014), Best

28、 practices for green data centres. ITU-T L.1310 Recommendation ITU-T L.1310 (2014), Energy efficiency metrics and measurement methods for telecommunication equipment. ITU-T L.1320 Recommendation ITU-T L.1320 (2014), Energy efficiency metrics and measurement for power and cooling equipment for teleco

29、mmunications and data centres. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 energy b-ISO 16818: Capacity for doing work; having several forms that may be transformed from one to another, such as thermal (heat), mechanical (work), ele

30、ctrical or chemical, and is expressed in Joules. For the purpose of this Recommendation, energy will be expressed in Watt-hours (Wh) or kilowatt-hours (kWh). 3.1.2 power b-ISO 16818: Rate at which energy is transmitted. 2 Rec. ITU-T L.1325 (12/2016) 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Reco

31、mmendation defines the following terms: 3.2.1 infrastructure: Equipment that supports the ICT equipment, e.g., power delivery components and cooling system components. 3.2.2 ICT equipment: Information and Communication Technology equipment (e.g., computing, storage, and network equipment) used in da

32、ta centre. 3.2.3 power feeding system: Power source to which ICT equipment and facilities are intended to be connected, such as uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and backup generator, etc. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: AC Alternating

33、 Current APF Active Power Filter DC Direct Current DG Diesel Generator HVDC High Voltage Direct Current PV Photovoltaic UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply 5 Conventions None. 6 General requirements of green solutions Telecommunication safety and equipment life cycle are the two basic requirements in t

34、elecommunications systems. Therefore, any energy-saving activities should not affect the safety and life-cycle of the telecommunication equipment and its environment. The applications of high efficiency solutions such as: high voltage direct current (HVDC), and high-efficiency air conditioning are e

35、ncouraged. Renewable energy systems such as: solar, wind turbine or fuel-cell are recommended if renewable energy resources are available, so as to reduce carbon emissions. The application of free and economical cooling methods such as outdoor air cooling, heat exchangers and heat pipes are encourag

36、ed. 7 High efficiency power-feeding solutions 7.1 High-frequency switching rectifier sleeping mode solution The high-frequency switching rectifier sleeping mode solution controls the number of active rectifiers in a power supply system by monitoring the load current to make the power supply system o

37、perate in the region around the maximum efficiency point. This technology is suitable for modularized power supply systems with redundancy. Reliability and safety of a power supply system should not be decreased while this function is enabled. Rec. ITU-T L.1325 (12/2016) 3 If the power module, contr

38、oller or grid fails or if an equalization charge of battery is started, the system must stop this function. The sleeping function will be recovered when the system is restored and system is operating in floating charging mode. The detailed information on principle and energy saving characteristics c

39、an be found in b-Liu Yiheng. 7.2 HVDC power feeding solution HVDC power feeding systems for telecommunication systems have an output voltage of up to 400 VDC. For the definition of this system refer to ITU-T L.1200. This solution can be used in telecom centres and data centres. Typical architectures

40、 are shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3 according to ITU-T L.1201. Figure 1 A power feeding system with backup solution including up to 400 VDC power feeding Figure 2 Dual AC supply system configuration for dual PSU ICT equipment 7.3 Hybrid power feeding solution with up to 400 VDC and AC power feeding s

41、ystem In this solution, priority is given to the use of the AC grid, which reduces the energy conversion section, and contributes to improving the system efficiency. There are two kinds of operational modes, one is the AC grid priority connected to the load and the other is when the AC grid and the

42、UPS are working together. The system structure is shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 AC grid + HVDC power supply structure 4 Rec. ITU-T L.1325 (12/2016) 7.4 Parallel active power filter solution Harmonic current elimination is a solution that can cancel high order harmonics in the power grid by active or p

43、assive technologies. Power quality can be improved and prevents users from disadvantages of excess harmonics. The active power filter (APF) is more complicated and expensive than the passive power filter. However, it shows better control performance, smaller size, adaptive tracking and compensation

44、of different harmonic components. There are different types of APFs, therefore it is recommended that the parallel type of APF is used. For harmonics which come from UPS and HVDC systems, closed-loop, three-phase three-wire can be selected for both local and distributed elimination. For the harmonic

45、s which come from switched-mode power supplies and air conditioners, closed-loop, three-phase four-wire can be selected for both local and distributed elimination. For concentrated harmonics elimination on the low-voltage side of distribution transformer, closed-loop, three-phase four-wire is recomm

46、ended. Before this solution is applied, space for the active power filter should be reserved. 7.5 High temperature lead acid battery solution High temperature lead acid battery technology improves upon the traditional shell structure, material, paste formula, separator and electrolyte etc. It can ad

47、apt to a wider temperature range and long-term work below 35C. This solution can improve the service life when working temperatures are high. This kind of battery is recommended if the temperature is normally in the range of 20C to 35C, and the permitted temperature range is between 20C and +65C. Mo

48、re detailed information can be found in b-Dong Hong. 8 Renewable energy power supply solutions This clause includes solar power solution, wind power solution and hydrogen fuel cell power supply solution. 8.1 Solar power solution The structure of solar system solution applied to a telecommunication s

49、ystem is shown in Figures 4 and 5. It needs batteries as energy storage devices and is mainly used in places not connected to the grid. It is widely distributed in these areas. It is highly reliable and easy to maintain. Figure 4 Off-grid solar power system Rec. ITU-T L.1325 (12/2016) 5 The solar power system sometimes works together with a diesel generator (DG). The system structure is shown in Figure 5, which depicts a standby DG (or mains) powerline. When the photovoltaic (PV) panel arrays generate insufficient po