BS EN 14878-2007 Textiles - Burning behaviour of childrens nightwear - Specification《纺织材料 儿童睡服的燃烧性能 规范》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14878:2007Textiles Burning behaviour of childrens nightwear SpecificationICS 13.220.40; 61.020; 97.190g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g5

2、3g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Incorporating corrigendum January 2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14878:2007, incorporating corrigendum January 2009. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee TCI/66, Apparel and interior textiles,

3、to Panel TCI/66/-/8, Burning behaviour. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. The UK has had national legislation relating to flammability of nightwear in place since 1985. The UK legislation is significantly more demanding than some of th

4、e requirements in this standard and there are no plans to withdraw the legislation. Consequently, the UK has requested an A-deviation. (See Annex C of this standard.) As a result, the requirements for childrens nightwear are complex. The UK legislation The Nightwear (Safety) Regulations 1985 applies

5、 to nightwear as defined in Clause 3 of the Regulations. This states that in the UK, from 1 March 1987, it has been an offence to “supply, offer to supply, agree to supply, expose for supply, or possess for supply” nightwear which does not meet the requirements of the legislation. For certain garmen

6、t types, and ages of intended wearer, the re-quirements of this standard are significantly lower in areas such as flammability performance and labelling than the UK legislation. In other respects, e.g. childrens pyjamas, this standard is more onerous. Where the requirements of the standard exceed th

7、e legislation, the former should be followed in order to claim compliance with the standard. Further guidance is given in Annex C. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Sta

8、ndard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. BS EN 14878:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2009Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments 31 December 2009 Implementation of CEN corri

9、gendum January 2009; table in Annex C replacedISBN 978 0 580 63991 3EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14878May 2007ICS 61.020; 97.190English VersionTextiles - Burning behaviour of childrens nightwear -SpecificationTextiles - Comportement au feu des vtements de nuit desenfants - Spcif

10、icationTextilien - Brennverhalten von Kindernachtwsche -AnforderungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 April 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard

11、 without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other langu

12、age made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,F

13、rance, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR

14、NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14878:2007: EJanuary 2009corrigendum Incorporating EN 14878:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope

15、 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Principle6 5 Toxicology of flame retardant 6 6 Fabric and garment sampling.6 7 Test method7 8 Number of tests7 9 Requirements.7 10 Design features and requirements for pyjamas .8 11 Labelling .9 12 Test report 9 Annex A (normative) Labelling.1

16、0 Annex B (informative) Design guidance11 Annex C (informative) A-deviations.12 Bibliography 14 BS EN 14878:2007EN 14878:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14878:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. Thi

17、s European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2008. This document has been prepared under a mandate gi

18、ven to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. The contents of this standard consider those items of nightwear and nightwear fabrics that could pose a significant risk of injury to children from the hazards presented by the potential to catch fire. Accident statistics

19、 (see Bibliography) indicate the most common sources of ignition to be: a) cooking appliances; b) sitting too close to a fire; c) use of matches; d) use of smoking materials; e) candles used primarily for decoration. Consideration was given to garments and other such items intended for use by babies

20、 under the age of six (6) months. On the basis that babies of this age are not yet mobile, i.e. they are unable to crawl or walk, the risk was considered low. The principle upon which this standard is based is the acceptance that most, but not all, fabrics used in the manufacture of childrens nightw

21、ear will ignite when exposed to a small flame. On this premise therefore, there is no requirement for a specific ignitability test. The specification requires that the parameters of time of flame spread and surface flash are measured using a specified test procedure (EN 1103). The risk of fire may b

22、e diminished in some situations by the use of a suitable flame retardant. However, the application of a flame retardant could be considered to present a health risk. Both points of view were discussed in the feasibility study, prepared under a Mandate (M/263) that preceded the Standardization Mandat

23、e. Following the publication and implementation of this standard in CEN countries, there should be an 18 month transition period from the date of availability, to allow manufacturers to develop and produce garments that conform to the standards. The period is also to allow the supply chain, from man

24、ufacturer to the consumer, to be cleared on non-conforming garments. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

25、 Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 14878:2007EN 14878:2007 (E) 4 Introduction The aim of this European Stan

26、dard is to define a harmonised procedure for the specification of childrens nightwear or fabrics intended for childrens nightwear with regard to their burning behaviour. Within the scope of this specification it is not possible to cover all the potential hazards that may create an unsafe garment; co

27、nversely, indefinable specific hazards in certain styles/design of garment may not present a risk. It is therefore recommended that an individual risk assessment is carried out on any garment in order to ensure that it does not present a hazard to the wearer and can therefore be deemed to be a safe

28、garment. This includes the use of applied flame retardant treatments. Durability of such finishes will require assessment. No European Standard method addressing durability of such treatments has yet been established. BS EN 14878:2007EN 14878:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requi

29、rements for the burning behaviour of childrens nightwear and nightwear fabrics intended for such garments when tested in accordance with EN 1103 but without the washing procedure. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For da

30、ted references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1103, Textiles - Fabrics for apparel - Detailed procedure to determine the burning behaviour 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this d

31、ocument, the terms and definitions given in EN 1103 and the following apply. 3.1 nightwear garments that are either sold as nightwear or intended to be worn as nightwear, e.g. bathrobes, dressing gowns, night shirts, nightdresses and pyjamas 3.1.1 babies nightwear nightwear intended to be worn by ba

32、bies (see 3.3) 3.1.2 childrens nightwear nightwear intended to be worn by children (see 3.4) 3.2 pyjamas either two or several piece nightwear garment comprising trouser, shorts or briefs and top. It may also comprise one-piece pyjama type with top integral to trouser. The trouser may be with or wit

33、hout feet 3.3 babies babies up to six (6) months of age and having a height up to 68 cm 3.4 children young persons over six (6) months and up to the age of fourteen (14) years. Girls having a height between 68 cm and 176 cm and boys between 68 cm and 182 cm 3.5 specimens representative pieces of the

34、 product which are tested together with any lining/substrate or treatment BS EN 14878:2007EN 14878:2007 (E) 6 3.6 multi-layer fabrics fabric produced from a series of separate layers, intimately combined at a stage prior to garment production, e.g. quilted fabrics 3.7 fabric assembly series of fabri

35、cs assembled as they would be at the garment manufacturing stage (excluding threads and trimmings), for the purpose of testing 4 Principle The properties of time of flame spread and surface flash are evaluated by submitting a sample to the application of a specified test method contained in EN 1103.

36、 EN 1103 contains a cleansing procedure which is not applied to any test material covered by this standard as a single wash has been found to have little or no effect on finishes used on nightwear. 5 Toxicology of flame retardant A flame retardant is a substance used to impart improved fire behaviou

37、r to a material. When a flame retardant is applied to a textile to be used in nightwear conforming to this standard, it will be the responsibility of the manufacturer/retailer placing the chemically treated flame retardant nightwear on the European market to ensure the finish being used has been ade

38、quately assessed for risk of toxicity and/or eco toxicity and is considered safe for its intended use by the EU Scientific Committee on Health and Environmental Risks (SCHER). Any flame retardant used to impart a degree of reduction of any of the measured parameters shall be able to provide this red

39、uction during the expected life of the garment. It shall therefore be able to resist the normal washing procedures to which the garment could reasonably be expected to be subjected. 6 Fabric and garment sampling 6.1 Fabrics 6.1.1 At least one sample shall be taken that is representative of the bulk,

40、 of sufficient size to provide the specimens for the test. Three specimens shall be taken in the machine direction and three specimens in the cross direction. 6.1.2 Where multi-layer fabrics or fabric assemblies are tested, they should be tested in the arrangement which is to be used in the garment.

41、 The order of the layers in the test specimen and the face to which the test flame is applied, should be noted in the test report. 6.2 Fabric from garments The specimens can be taken from one or more styles of garments made of the same fabric and finishing route. 6.3 Shortage of material If it is no

42、t possible to obtain a single test specimen of the size required in EN 1103, pieces shall be joined, cut from the same or different garments of the same type, in the same direction, using butt joints held together with five equally spaced staples across the width of the specimen. Overlapping joints

43、shall not be used and no more than three pieces are to be used to form any one specimen. This should be noted in the test report. BS EN 14878:2007EN 14878:2007 (E) 7 6.4 Range testing 6.4.1 Conventional testing allowing the characterization of the sensitivity of the product with regard to the fire b

44、ehaviour taking into account the variation of one or more parameters (i.e. mass per unit area; colour; surface appearance; volumic mass etc) from a reduced number of test specimens determined after evaluation provided that the results obtained on the various samples give the same results. 6.4.2 The

45、range testing can be carried out on a component of the range, representing the most unfavourable cases. For example, when a material exists in several colours, with different surface appearances, the result of the testing can be applied to the range, based on the results of tests carried out on some

46、 appearances and colours, from the complete range provided. 7 Test method The measurement of time of flame spread and surface flash shall be carried out in accordance with EN 1103. All test procedures are to be completed on the garment/fabric as received. All test procedures are to be completed on t

47、he garment/fabric without washing or otherwise cleansing (see Clause 4). 8 Number of tests 8.1 General For a nightwear product (see 3.1) or nightwear fabric to claim a particular class, all the relevant criteria given in Table 1 Class A or B shall be met. 8.2 Flame spread and surface flash 8.2.1 For

48、 the compliance parameters of time of flame spread and surface flash, the selection of the class is based on the results of tests in accordance with EN 1103. 8.2.2 If at least two specimens (out of six) give a result belonging to a lower class, the material shall belong to this lower class. 8.2.3 If

49、 only one specimen (out of six) gives a result belonging to a lower class, three extra specimens shall be tested in the same direction as the one giving the worst result. 8.2.4 If none of the extra three specimens gives a result belonging to the lower class, the material belongs to the original class. 8.2.5 If at least one of the extra three specimens tested gives a result belonging to the lower class, then the material belongs to the lower class. 9 Requirements For the purposes of this standard, the various categories of nightwear fabrics are classified as