ASTM D4506-2008 Standard Test Method for Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using Radial Jacking Test《通过径向升高试验测定现场岩体物质变形模数的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D4506-2008 Standard Test Method for Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using Radial Jacking Test《通过径向升高试验测定现场岩体物质变形模数的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D4506-2008 Standard Test Method for Determining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock Mass Using Radial Jacking Test《通过径向升高试验测定现场岩体物质变形模数的标准试验方法》.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 4506 08Standard Test Method forDetermining In Situ Modulus of Deformation of Rock MassUsing Radial Jacking Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4506; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisi
2、on, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method is used to determine the in situmodulus of deformation of rock mass by subjecting a
3、testchamber of circular cross section to uniformly distributedradial loading; the consequent rock displacements are mea-sured, from which elastic or deformation moduli may becalculated. The anisotropic deformability of the rock can alsobe measured and information on time-dependent deformationmay be
4、obtained.1.2 This test method is based upon the procedures devel-oped by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation featuring longextensometers (1).2An alternative procedure is also availableand is based on a reference bar (2).1.3 Application of the test results is beyond the scope of thistest method, but may b
5、e an integral part of some testingprograms.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to addr
6、ess all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 653 Terminol
7、ogy Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD 4403 Practice for Extensometers Used in Rock3. Terminology3.1 Definitions: See Terminology D 653 fo
8、r general defini-tions.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 deformationthe change in the diameter of the exca-vation in rock (test chamber).4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A circular test chamber is excavated and a uniformlydistributed pressure is applied to the chamber surfaces bym
9、eans of flat jacks positioned on a reaction frame. Rockdeformation is measured by extensometers placed in boreholesperpendicular to the chamber surfaces. Pressure is measuredwith a standard hydraulic transducer. During the test, thepressure is cycled incrementally and deformation is read ateach incr
10、ement. The modulus is then calculated. To determinetime-dependent behavior, the pressure is held constant anddeformation is observed over time.5. Significance and Use5.1 Using this test method, a volume of rock large enough totake into account the influence of discontinuities on theproperties of the
11、 rock mass is loaded. The test should be usedwhen values are required which represent the true rock massproperties more closely than can be obtained through lessexpensive uniaxial jacking tests or other procedures.NOTE 1The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competenc
12、e of the personnel performing it, and thesuitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet thecriteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competentand objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard arecautioned that compliance with Practice D
13、 3740 does not in itself assure1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approvedin 1985. Last previous edition appr
14、oved in 2006 as D 4506 02 (2006).2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references appended tothis standard.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information
15、, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.reliable results. Reliable results depend on many fac
16、tors; Practice D 3740provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.6. Apparatus6.1 Chamber Excavation EquipmentThis includes drillingand “smooth wall” blasting equipment or mechanical excava-tion equipment capable of producing typically a 9-ft (3-m)diameter tunnel with a length about three ti
17、mes that dimension.6.2 Concreting EquipmentConcreting materials andequipment for lining the tunnel, together with strips of weakjointing materials for segmenting the lining.6.3 Reaction FrameThe reaction frame shall be com-prised of steel rings of sufficient strength and rigidity to resistthe force
18、applied by flat jacks, as depicted in Fig. 1. For loadapplication by flat jacks, the frame must be provided withsmooth surfaces; hardwood planks are usually inserted be-tween the flat jacks and the metal rings.6.4 Loading Equipment, to apply a uniformly distributedradial pressure to the inner face o
19、f the concrete lining,including:6.4.1 Hydraulic Pump, with all necessary hoses, connectors,and fluid, capable of applying the required pressure and ofholding this pressure constant to within 5 % over a period of atleast 24 h.6.4.2 Flat Jacks, used for load application (Fig. 1), of apracticable width
20、 and of a length equal at least to the diameterof the tunnel (9 ft (3 m). The jacks should be designed to loadthe maximum of the full circumference of the lining withsufficient separation to allow displacement measurements, andshould have a bursting pressure and travel consistent with theanticipated
21、 loads and displacements. Stainless steel flat jacks ineffective contact with 90 % of the area are recommended, withthe maximum pressure capacity twice the design pressure.1. Measuring profile. 2. Distance equal to the length of active loading. 3. Control extensometer. 4. Pressure gauge. 5. Referenc
22、e beam. 6. Hydraulic pump. 7. Flat jack.8. Hardwood lagging. 9. Shotcrete. 10. Excavation diameter. 11. Measuring diameter. 12. Extensometer drillholes. 13. Dial gauge extensometer. 14. Steel rod. 15.Expansion wedges. 16. Excavation radius. 18. Inscribed Circle. 19. Rockbolt anchor. 20. Steel ring.F
23、IG. 1 Radial Jacking TestD45060826.5 Load Measuring EquipmentLoad measuring equip-ment shall consist of one or more hydraulic pressure gages ortransducers of suitable range, capable of measuring the appliedpressure with an accuracy better than 62 %. Measurements areusually made by means of mechanica
24、l gages. Particular care isrequired to guarantee the reliability of electric transducers andrecording equipment, when used.6.6 Displacement Measuring EquipmentDisplacementmeasuring equipment to monitor rock movements radial to thetunnel must have a precision better than 0.01 mm. Multiple-position (s
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