ASTM D2650-2004 Standard Test Method for Chemical Composition of Gases By Mass Spectrometry《质谱法测定气体化学组成的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 2650 04An American National StandardStandard Test Method forChemical Composition of Gases By Mass Spectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2650; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the quantitative analysis ofgases containing specific combinations of the fol
3、lowing com-ponents: hydrogen; hydrocarbons with up to six carbon atomsper molecule; carbon monoxide; carbon dioxide; mercaptanswith one or two carbon atoms per molecule; hydrogen sulfide;and air (nitrogen, oxygen, and argon). This test method cannotbe used for the determination of constituents prese
4、nt inamounts less than 0.1 mole %. Dimethylbutanes are assumedabsent unless specifically sought.NOTE 1Although experimental procedures described herein are uni-form, calculation procedures vary with application. The following influ-ences guide the selection of a particular calculation: qualitative m
5、ixturecomposition; minimum error due to components presumed absent; mini-mum cross interference between known components; maximum sensitiv-ity to known components; low frequency and complexity of calibration;and type of computing machinery.Because of these influences, a tabulation of calculation pro
6、ceduresrecommended for stated applications is presented in Section 12 (Table 1).NOTE 2This test method was developed on Consolidated Electrody-namics Corporation Type 103 Mass Spectrometers. Users of otherinstruments may have to modify operating parameters and the calibrationprocedure.1.2 This stand
7、ard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 AS
8、TM Standards:2D 1137 Method for Analysis of Natural Gases and RelatedTypes of Gaseous Mixtures by the Mass Spectrometer3D 1145 Test Method for Sampling Natural Gas3D 1247 Method of Sampling Manufactured Gas3D 1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)Gases (Manual Method)D 1302 Method for A
9、nalysis of Carbureted Water Gas bythe Mass Spectrometer33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 base peak of a compoundthe peak used as 100 % incomputing the cracking pattern coefficient.3.1.2 cracked gaseshydrocarbon gases that contain unsat-urates.3.1.3 cracking pattern coeffcientthe ratio of a peak a
10、t anym/e relative to its parent peak (or in some cases its base peak).3.1.4 GLCa gas-liquid chromatographic column that iscapable of separating the isomers of butenes, pentenes, hex-anes, and hexenes.3.1.5 IRinfrared equipment capable of analyzing gasesfor the butene isomers.3.1.6 mass number or m/e
11、 value of an ionthe quotient ofthe mass of that ion (given in atomic mass units) and itspositive charge (number of electrons lost during ionization).3.1.7 parent peak of a compoundthe peak at which them/e is equal to the sum of the atomic mass values for thatcompound. This peak is sometimes used as
12、100 % in comput-ing the cracking pattern coefficients.3.1.8 partial pressurethe pressure of any component inthe inlet system before opening the expansion bottle to leak.3.1.9 sensitivitythe height of any peak in the spectrum ofthe pure compound divided by the pressure prevailing in theinlet system o
13、f the mass spectrometer immediately beforeopening the expansion bottle to leak.3.1.10 straight-run gaseshydrocarbon gases that do notcontain unsaturates.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The molecular species which make up a gaseous mix-ture are dissociated and ionized by electron bombardment. Thepositiv
14、e ions of the different masses thus formed are acceler-ated in an electrostatic field and separated in a magnetic field.The abundance of each mass present is recorded. The mixturespectrum obtained is resolved into individual constituents by1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committe
15、e D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 265099.2For referenced ASTM standards, visi
16、t the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM Inte
17、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.TABLE 1 Calculation Procedures for Mass Spectrometer Gas AnalysisNOTECoding of calculation procedures is as follows:O = Order peaks are used in the calculation expressed serially from 1 to n, n being the t
18、otal number of components.P=m/e of peak used and prefix, M, if monoisotopic.M = Method of computationU = Unicomponent Peak MethodMa= Simultaneous equations where “a” identifies the particular set of equations if more than one is used.C = Chemically removed.Residual = m/e of peak suitable as an indep
19、endent check on the method.SerialNo. 123456Name or ApplicationD 1137ANatural GasD 1302BCarburetedWater GasH2-C6ReformerGasC3,C4iC4Component O P M O P M OCPCMOPMOCPCMOPMHydrogen . . . 6 2 M 16 2 U 17 2 M 0 . . . . .Methane 15 16 U 71516 M 15 16 U 16 16 M 0 . . . . .Ethylene 13 27 M2 12 27 M 13 26 U 1
20、5 26 M 0 . . . . .Ethane 12 30 M2 8 30 M 12 30 U 13 30 M 0 . . . . .Propene 10 42 M2 11 42 M 8 42 M2 12 42 M 6 42 M . . MPropane 9 29 M2 9 29 M 3 44 M1 14 29 M 9 29 M 3 29 MButadiene . . . 9 . . 3 . . 10 54 M 9 . M . . MButene-1 8 56 M2 5 56 U 9 41 M2 8 56 M 8 41 M . . MButene-2 8 56 M2 5 56 U 10 55
21、 M2 8 56 M 4 56 M . . MIsobutene 8 56 M2 5 56 U 11 56 M2 8 56 M 5 39 M . . MIsobutane 7 43 M2 5 . . 4 M43 M1 11 43 M 7 43 M 2 43 Mn-Butane 6 58 M2 4 58 U 5 58 M1 6 58 M 2 58 M 1 58 MPentenes . . . 3 70 U 2 70 U 9 55 M 3 70 M . . MIsopentane . . . 3 . . 6 M57 M1 7 57 M 1 72 M . . .n-Pentane 4 72 M2 2
22、 72 U 7 72 M2 5 72 M . . . . . .Benzene . . . 2 . . 7 . . 4 78 M . . . . . .Hexanes . . . 2 . . 7 . . . . M . . . . . .C6cyclic paraffins . . . 2 . . 7 . . 3 84 M . . . . . .Hexanes 5 57 M2 2 . . 1 71 U 2 86 M . . . . . .Toluene . . . 2 . . 1 . . 1 92 M . . . . . .Hydrogen sulfide 2 34 M1 2 . . 1 .
23、. 21 34 M . . . . . .Carbon dioxide 11 44 M2 10 44 M 1 . C 20 44 M . . . . . .Carbon monoxide . . . 13 12 M 1 . C 18 28 M . . . . . .Nitrogen 14 28 M2 14 14 M 14 28 U 19 14 M . . . . . .Air 3 32 M1 1 32 U 14 . . 22 32 M 1 32 U . . .Helium 1 4 U 1 . . 14 . .DD. . . . . . .SerialNo. 7 8 9 10 11 12 13N
24、ame or ApplicationCommercialPropaneCommercialButaneBB Stream(CrackedButanes)Dry GasCrackedFuel GasMixed Isoand NormalButanesReformerMake-UpGasUnstabi-lized FuelGasComponent O P M O P M OCPCMOPMOPMOPMOCPCMHydrogen . . . . . . . . . 15 2 M . . . 10 2 M 16 2 MMethane . . . . . . . . . 14 16 M . . . 9 1
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