[外语类试卷]考博英语(完形填空)历年真题试卷汇编3及答案与解析.doc
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1、考博英语(完形填空)历年真题试卷汇编 3及答案与解析 一、 Cloze 0 (中国矿业大学 2010年试题) More than 600 million girls live in poverty in the developing world. Many of them are【 1】 in school and are not given the same opportunities【 2】 boys. New programs are aimed【 3】 helping girls and their families succeed. The unequal treatment of【
2、 4】 is a big problem in many parts of the globe. But a new campaign hopes to show that girls can be the solution【 5】 ending poverty, disease and other global issues. Its called the “girl effect. “ According to the girl effect theory, one girl can make a positive change in the world, as【 6】 as shes g
3、iven a chance to succeed. An extra year of secondary school can boost a girls earnings【 7】 as much as 25%. If the 600 million girls in the developing world who live in poverty increased their earnings,【 8】 could lift the world economy. Studies show that women are【 9】 likely than men to spend their p
4、aychecks【 10】 their families. With women working, children are more likely to stay in school, be better fed and be healthier. 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 10 (中国矿业大学 2009年试题) Solving a problem can be broken into several steps. First, the problem must be ide
5、ntified correctly. Psychologists refer【 1】 this step as problem representation. For many problems, figuring【 2】 which information is relevant and which is extraneous can be difficult and can interfere【 3】 arriving at a good solution. Clearly, before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious【 4】 th
6、e problem is, however, this is not as easy【 5】it might seem. One obstacle to efficient problem representation is functional fixedness, that is, allowing preconceived notions and even prejudices to color the facts. Most people tend【 6】 see objects and events in certain fixed ways, and by being inflex
7、ible in viewing the problem, they may be unable to notice the tools【 7】 the solution. Once the problem is identified accurately,【 8】 , the second step consists【 9】 considering the alternatives for a solution. A common way to evaluate alternatives is to write them【 10】 and then make a list【 11】 advan
8、tages and disadvantages for each solution. Here again, people may be limited by prior experiences. Often people adopt mental sets【 12】 lead them to the same problem-solving strategies that were successful for problems【 13】 the past. Although that can be helpful most【 14】 the time, sometimes a new si
9、tuation requires a different strategy.【 15】 that case, the mental set must be abandoned, and new alternatives must be explored. 11 【 1】 12 【 2】 13 【 3】 14 【 4】 15 【 5】 16 【 6】 17 【 7】 18 【 8】 19 【 9】 20 【 10】 21 【 11】 22 【 12】 23 【 13】 24 【 14】 25 【 15】 25 (浙江大学 2010年试题) The character of European ed
10、ucation demands that the student develop【 1】 and social individuality. The American student is given a choice between relying on himself【 2】on others. Scholastically, the fundamental difference is between the European lecture system and the American discussion system. The European system is both the
11、 strength and the limit of European education. The strength is the challenge【 3】 the student to rely on himself; the system imposes a limit because it is【 4】 and at times even cruelly, qualitative; only a few are able to survive. A second difference is the American campus, a term which has no【 5】 in
12、 Europe. There, the campus is formed【 6】 by the various classrooms, faculty offices and laboratories. No extracurricular activities are carried on. The students and the professors go to the universities when they have classes and leave as soon as they are【 7】 . The European universities provide no s
13、ocial life; on the【 8】 , it creates a social atmosphere. The student【 9】 never organizes campus activities; everything is left to the【 10】 of the individual students. In the【 11】 of these considerations, I think I can answer the challenge of that pretty coed, though my answer is bound to be incomple
14、te. My【 12】 to the American educational system are two. The first【 13】 American students. What【 14】 me most about them is their conformity and their fear of【 15】 . Perhaps campus life【 16】 by necessity to conformity. Almost every student belongs to at least two organizations. What is the【 17】 of thi
15、s associative mania,【 18】 not the basic desire to be supported by people who think【 19】 and sympathize with the same idea? Nobody likes being alone, but it seems to me that American students like【 20】 too much. 26 【 1】 ( A) intellectual ( B) intangible ( C) inquisitive ( D) ingenious 27 【 2】 ( A) an
16、d ( B) or ( C) from ( D) with 28 【 3】 ( A) of ( B) to ( C) for ( D) with 29 【 4】 ( A) strictly ( B) vigorously ( C) rigorous ( D) rigid 30 【 5】 ( A) equation ( B) equivalent ( C) equator ( D) equivalence 31 【 6】 ( A) exceptionally ( B) exclusively ( C) extraordinarily ( D) extensively 32 【 7】 ( A) a
17、way ( B) out ( C) over ( D) in 33 【 8】 ( A) body ( B) opposition ( C) contrast ( D) conversation 34 【 9】 ( A) body ( B) unity ( C) structure ( D) union 35 【 10】 ( A) creative ( B) initiative ( C) original ( D) imaginative 36 【 11】 ( A) light ( B) accordance ( C) correspondence ( D) virtue 37 【 12】 (
18、 A) reactions ( B) responds ( C) replies ( D) reflections 38 【 13】 ( A) involves ( B) concerns ( C) includes ( D) relates 39 【 14】 ( A) appealed ( B) solicited ( C) struck ( D) astounded 40 【 15】 ( A) dependence ( B) desolation ( C) reliance ( D) isolation 41 【 16】 ( A) contends ( B) intends ( C) at
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