【考研类试卷】考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编8及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 8及答案解析(总分：70.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：70.00)（中国科学院 2008年试题） There are so many new books about dying that there are now special shelves set aside for them in bookshops, along with the health-diet and home-repair paperbacks. Some of them are so【1】with detailed information and

2、step-by-step instructions for performing the function, that youd think this was a new sort of【2】which all of us are now required to learn. The strongest impression the casual reader gets is that proper dying has become an extraordinary,【3】an exotic experience, something only the specially trained ca

3、n do. 【4】, you could be led to believe that we are the only【5】capable of being aware of death, and that when the rest of nature is experiencing the life cycle and dying, one generation after【6】, it is a different kind of process, done automatically and trivially, or more “natural“, as we say. An elm

4、 in our backyard【7】the blight(枯萎病)this summer and dropped stone dead, leafless, almost overnight. One weekend【8】was a normal-looking elm, maybe a little bare in spots but【9】alarming, and the next weekend it was gone, passed over, departed, taken. Taken is right, for the tree surgeon came by yesterda

5、y with his【10】of young helpers and their cherry picker, and took it down branch by branch and carted it off in the back of a red truck, everyone【11】. The dying【12】a field mouse, at the jaws of an amiable household cat, is a spectacle I have beheld many times. It【13】to make me wince. However, early i

6、n life I gave up throwing sticks【14】the cat to make him drop the mouse,【15】the dropped mouse regularly went ahead and died anyway.（分数：30.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.containedB.embracedC.packedD.littered(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.skillC.qualityD.technology(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.andB.evenC.yetD.but(4).【4】（分数：2.00

7、）A.FurthermoreB.HoweverC.jEven soD.Since then(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.racesB.creaturesC.peopleD.human(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.the otherB.anotherC.the next tD.the following(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.caughtB.heldC.tookD.picked(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.thatB.whichC.itD.this(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything(1

8、0).【10】（分数：2.00）A.crewB.membersC.corpsD.fellows(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.singsB.sangC.sungD.singing(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.toB.inC.forD.of(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.wasB.was usedC.usedD.was about(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.intoB.onC.atD.off(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.butB.becauseC.whileD.in order that（上海理工大学 2006年试题） In a telephone

9、 survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved(旋转)around the earth. An【1】7% did not know which revolved around【2】. I have no doubt that;【3】all of these people were【4】in school that the earth revolves a-round the sun;【5】may even have written it【6】a test. But they never【7】t

10、heir incorrect mental models of planetary(行星的)【8】because their every day observations didnt support【9】their teachers told them: People see the sun moving【10】the sky as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary(静止的)【11】that is happening. Students can learn the right answers【12】heart in c

11、lass, and yet never combined them【13】their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the【14】personal understanding of the world can【15】side by side, each unaffected by the other.Outside of class, the student continues to use the【16】models because it has al

12、ways worked well【17】that circumstance. Unless professors address【18】errors in students personal models of the world, students are not【19】to replace them with the【20】one.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.excessiveB.extraC.additionalD.added(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.other(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.virtuall

13、yB.remarkablyC.ideallyD.preferably(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.learnedB.suggestedC.taughtD.advised(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.thoseB.theseC.whoD.they(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.onB.withC.underD.for(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.formedB.alteredC.believedD.thought(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.operationB.positionC.motionD.location(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.howB.whic

14、hC.thatD.what(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.aroundB.acrossC.onD.above(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.soC.whileD.for(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.toB.byC.inD.with(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.withB.intoC.toD.along(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.adultsB.teachersC.scientistsD.students(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.existB.occurC.surviveD.maintain(16).【16】（分数：2.

15、00）A.privateB.individualC.personalD.own(17).【17】（分数：2.00）A.inB.withC.onD.for(18).【18】（分数：2.00）A.generalB.naturalC.similarD.specific(19).【19】（分数：2.00）A.obligedB.likelyC.probableD.partial(20).【20】（分数：2.00）A.perfectB.betterC.reasonableD.correct考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 8答案解析(总分：70.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze(总题数：2，

16、分数：70.00)（中国科学院 2008年试题） There are so many new books about dying that there are now special shelves set aside for them in bookshops, along with the health-diet and home-repair paperbacks. Some of them are so【1】with detailed information and step-by-step instructions for performing the function, that

17、youd think this was a new sort of【2】which all of us are now required to learn. The strongest impression the casual reader gets is that proper dying has become an extraordinary,【3】an exotic experience, something only the specially trained can do. 【4】, you could be led to believe that we are the only【

18、5】capable of being aware of death, and that when the rest of nature is experiencing the life cycle and dying, one generation after【6】, it is a different kind of process, done automatically and trivially, or more “natural“, as we say. An elm in our backyard【7】the blight(枯萎病)this summer and dropped st

19、one dead, leafless, almost overnight. One weekend【8】was a normal-looking elm, maybe a little bare in spots but【9】alarming, and the next weekend it was gone, passed over, departed, taken. Taken is right, for the tree surgeon came by yesterday with his【10】of young helpers and their cherry picker, and

20、took it down branch by branch and carted it off in the back of a red truck, everyone【11】. The dying【12】a field mouse, at the jaws of an amiable household cat, is a spectacle I have beheld many times. It【13】to make me wince. However, early in life I gave up throwing sticks【14】the cat to make him drop

21、 the mouse,【15】the dropped mouse regularly went ahead and died anyway.（分数：30.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.containedB.embracedC.packed D.littered解析：解析：此句表示其中一些关于死亡的书中写满了相关的翔实信息，A、B 两项均为包括之意。不与with连用。D 项有充满的意思，并可以与 with连用，但意为胡乱丢弃、乱七八糟的，用在此处不正确。C项 packed意为拥挤、塞满、充满，感情色彩也与原文相符，表示书中充斥着关于的内容。(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.abil

22、ityB.skill C.qualityD.technology解析：解析：此句意为“你会认为这是一个要求大家都要学会的新”，根据下文中“only the specially trained can do(只有经过专门培训方可做到)”内容可以判断，指书中的内容让人觉得死是人们要按部就班学习的一门技术，A 项意为能力、才能、天资，B 项意为专门的技术、技能、技艺，C 项意为品质、才能，D 项意为工艺，技术。B 为最合适的选项。(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.andB.even C.yetD.but解析：解析：文中需要的是连接词，exotic 的含义比 extraordinary更进一步，句意

23、为适当的死法已然成了一种特别的、甚至是奇异的经历。A 项表示并列关系，C、D 项表示转折，而非递进。(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.Furthermore B.HoweverC.jEven soD.Since then解析：解析：本段开头意为“书中内容会让你觉得我们是唯一有死亡意识的”，上段内容指“书中的内容让人觉得死是人们要按部就班学习的一门技术”，此处仍表示死亡书中的内容使人，A 项意为“而且，此外，再者”为正确选择。B 项 However“然而、可是、不过”表示转折。C 项意为“即使如此”，D 项意为“从那时以来”，均与句意不符。(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.racesB.cr

24、eatures C.peopleD.human解析：解析：从本句“书中内容会让你觉得我们是唯一有死亡意识的”和下旬中“自然界中的其他生命(除我们以外的)一代又一代经历着生命的周期和死亡”，可以推测 m空格处所指的是生物，而不是种族、人们、人类，故选 B。(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.the otherB.another C.the next tD.the following解析：解析：这句的意思是“基本自然界中的其他生命(除我们以外的)一代又一代”，是考形容词代词的用法。the other 指两个人或物中的一个。所以选 another。(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.caught B

25、.heldC.tookD.picked解析：解析：句意为我家后院的榆树今年夏天染了枯萎病，catch 做及物动词有染上疾病的意思。B 项held意为“持有，抓住”，C 项 took意为“(疾病)突然侵袭”，用在疾病的后面。D 项 picked意为“采集、挑选”。故选 A。(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.thatB.whichC.it D.this解析：解析：本句意为“前一周还是一棵看来一切正常的榆树，下一周就死掉了”，C 为正确选项，与下文“it was gone”呼应。(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.somethingB.anythingC.nothing D.everything解

26、析：解析：或许出现些斑点，但让人担忧，而且外表看来一切正常，所以出现的问题不严重，不会让人不安，所以选 C。(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.crew B.membersC.corpsD.fellows解析：解析：空格部分意为昨天树木整形专家及其年轻助手们来访。(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.singsB.sangC.sungD.singing 解析：解析：singing，表示伴随动作，现在分词作伴随状语。(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.toB.inC.forD.of 解析：解析：a field mouse 为 dying的定语，根据下文可以得出句意为“一只田鼠的死”，中

27、间的插入语表示它是如何死掉的。(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.wasB.was usedC.used D.was about解析：解析：C 项意为以前田鼠的这种死法常让我感到害怕。(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.intoB.onC.at D.off解析：解析：throw at 意为掷向，投向。(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.butB.because C.whileD.in order that解析：解析：根据上下文判断，“我老早就不再向叼着田鼠的猫扔棍子，让它把田鼠放下”，这样的做的原因就在下一句：“因为被放下的老鼠通常还是会死掉。”（上海理工大学 2006年试题） I

28、n a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved(旋转)around the earth. An【1】7% did not know which revolved around【2】. I have no doubt that;【3】all of these people were【4】in school that the earth revolves a-round the sun;【5】may even have written it【6】a test. But t

29、hey never【7】their incorrect mental models of planetary(行星的)【8】because their every day observations didnt support【9】their teachers told them: People see the sun moving【10】the sky as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary(静止的)【11】that is happening. Students can learn the right answers【

30、12】heart in class, and yet never combined them【13】their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the【14】personal understanding of the world can【15】side by side, each unaffected by the other.Outside of class, the student continues to use the【16】models beca

31、use it has always worked well【17】that circumstance. Unless professors address【18】errors in students personal models of the world, students are not【19】to replace them with the【20】one.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.excessiveB.extraC.additional D.added解析：解析：各项的意思是：excessive 过多的，极端的。extra 特大的；特级的。additiona

32、l 附加的，另外的。add 增加，加总。根据题意可知，应选择 C。(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.which C.thatD.other解析：解析：此处的 which与前面的 which相对应。which revolved around which 意为“谁围绕着谁旋转”。据此可知，应选择 B。(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.virtually B.remarkablyC.ideallyD.preferably解析：解析：各项的意思是：virtually 几乎，事实上。remarkably 非凡的，引人注目地。ideally 观念地；理想地。preferably 宁可，更适

33、宜。根据题意可知，应选择 A。(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.learnedB.suggestedC.taught D.advised解析：解析：learn 学习。suggest 建议，提议。teach 教学过去式及过去分词为 taught。advise 建议。根据题意可知，应选择 C。(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.thoseB.theseC.whoD.they 解析：解析：此处的 they指代那些接受调查的成年人。据此可知，应选择 D。(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.on B.withC.underD.for解析：解析：on a test 测试，此处应该用 on，应选择 A。(

34、7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.formedB.altered C.believedD.thought解析：解析：各项的意思是：formed 形成。altered 改变，改换。believed 相信，确信。thought 思考。根据题意可知，应选择 B。(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.operationB.positionC.motion D.location解析：解析：各项的意思是：operation 动作，业务。position 位置；地点。motion(天体的)运行；(车、船等的)动摇。planetary motion 行星运动。location 地点。根据题意可知，应选择 C。(

35、9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.howB.whichC.thatD.what 解析：解析：在这个句子中，what 引导从句作 support的宾语，同时又在宾语从句中作 told的宾语。应选择 D。(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.around B.acrossC.onD.above解析：解析：move around the sky 在天空中改变位置，移动。根据题意可知，应选择 A。(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.soC.while D.for解析：解析：since以来，以后，自从的时候起。so 那么，那样；这么，这样。while 当的时候，和同时。for 向，往

36、。根据题意可知，应选择 C。(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.toB.by C.inD.with解析：解析：learn sthby heart 凭记忆记住。应选择 B。(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.with B.intoC.toD.along解析：解析：combine sthwith 将结合，合并。应选择 A。(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.adultsB.teachersC.scientistsD.students 解析：解析：前文谈到了学生通过记忆记住这些知识，此处仍然讲的是“教授要求的答案和学生自己的见解”。根据题意可知，应选择 D。(15).【15】（分数：2.

37、00）A.exist B.occurC.surviveD.maintain解析：解析：各项的意思是：exist 生存；活着。exist side by side(两者)并存。occur 被想到，想起。survive在之后还活着；经受得住。maintain 保持；继续。根据题意可知，应选择 A。(16).【16】（分数：2.00）A.privateB.individualC.personal D.own解析：解析：各项的意思是：private 私的，个人的。individual 单一的，个别的，单独的。personal个人的，自身的。own 自己；特有的。personal models 个人思维

38、模式。根据题意可知，应选择 C。(17).【17】（分数：2.00）A.in B.withC.onD.for解析：解析：in that circumstance 在那种环境中，在那种情况下。应选择 A。(18).【18】（分数：2.00）A.generalB.naturalC.similarD.specific 解析：解析：各项的意思是：general 一般的，通用的。natural 自然界的；关于自然界的。similar 近似的，类似的。specific 明确的，具体的。根据题意可知，应选择 D。(19).【19】（分数：2.00）A.obligedB.likely C.probableD.partial解析：解析：各项的意思是：obliged 迫使；使负债务。likely 很可能的。probable 很可能发生(存在)的。partial 一部分的，不完全的。根据题意可知，应选择 B。(20).【20】（分数：2.00）A.perfectB.betterC.reasonableD.correct 解析：解析：各项的意思是：perfect 完美的；圆满的。better 较好的，更好的。reasonable 合理的；明白道理的。correct 正确的；合适的。根据题意可知，应选择 D。