【考研类试卷】考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编7及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 7及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：80.00)（中南大学 2007年试题） The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 78 hours sleep【1】with some 16-17 hours wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides【2】the hours of darkness. Our present【3】is with how easily and to what exten

2、t this【4】can be modified. The question is no mere academic one. The ease with【5】people can change from working in the day to working at night is a【6】of growing importance in industry where automation【7】round-the-clock working of machines. It normally【8】from five days to one week for a person to adap

3、t to a【9】routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping【10】the day and working at night.【11】it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This【12】that no sooner has he got used to one routine【13】he has to change to another,【14】much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping

4、 very【15】One answer would seem to be【16】periods on each shift, a month, or even three months.【17】, recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to their【18】habits of sleep and wakefulness during the week-end and that this is quite enough to destroy any【19】to night wor

5、k built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose【20】may persist through all week-ends and holidays.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.allegationB.alternationC.allocationD.alternative(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.overB.ofC.withD.in(3).【

6、3】（分数：2.00）A.thinkB.considerC.regardD.concern(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.roundB.circleC.periodD.cycle(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.forB.thatC.WhichD.as(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.matterB.troubleC.difficultyD.problem(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.reacts toB.calls forC.invitesD.asks(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.requestsB.demandsC.spendsD.takes(9).【9】（分数：2.0

7、0）A.regularB.reversedC.returnedD.former(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.duringB.afterC.ohD.with(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.In comparisonB.In a wordC.UnfortunatelyD.Therefore(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.meanB.meaningC.meantD.means(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.thanB.thenC.whenD.as(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.asB.whileC.so thatD.though(15).【15】（分数：2.

8、00）A.happilyB.easilyC.goodD.efficiently(16).【16】（分数：2.00）A.nicerB.longerC.betterD.shorter(17).【17】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.SimilarlyC.In shortD.So(18).【18】（分数：2.00）A.favouriteB.temporaryC.normalD.new(19).【19】（分数：2.00）A.tendencyB.adaptationC.returnD.change(20).【20】（分数：2.00）A.habitB.preferenceC.sleepD.wake

9、fulness（清华大学 2007年试题） Sea rise as a consequence of global warming would immediately threaten that large fraction of the globe living at sea level. Nearly one-third of all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the worlds great seaport cities would be【1】: New Orleans, Amsterdam, Sh

10、anghai, and Cairo. Some countries Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, islands in the Pacific would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas such as in Bangladesh and Egypt,【2】large populations occupy low-lying areas, would suffer extreme【3】. Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes and t

11、yphoons,【4】in coastal flooding, possibly swamping valuable agricultural ands around the world.【5】water quality may result in【6】flooding which forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable, natural【7】could be flooded with ocean water, destroying forever many

12、 of the【8】plant and animal species living there. Food supplies and forests would be【9】affected. Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would【10】grain-growing regions polewards. The warming would also increase and change the pest plants, such as weeds and the inse

13、cts【11】the crops. Human health would also be affected. Warming could【12】tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever, malaria, and other diseases. Heat stress and heat mortality could rise. The harmful【13】of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer【14】There will be

14、 some【15】from warming. New sea-lanes will open in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will【16】new agricultural lands, and warmer temperature will make some of todays colder regions more【17】. But these benefits will be in individual areas. The natural systemsboth plant and animalwill be

15、less a-ble than man to cope and【18】. Any change of temperature, rainfall, and sea level of the magnitude now【19】will be destructive to natural systems and living things and hence to man as well. The list of possible consequences of global warming suggests very clearly that we must do everything we c

16、an now to understand its causes and effects and to take all measures possible to prevent and adapt to potential and inevitable disruptions【20】by global warming.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.ascendedB.assaultedC.erasedD.endangered(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.whereC.whenD.what(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.dislocationB.

17、discontentC.distributionD.distinction(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.rebukingB.ramblingC.resultingD.rallying(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.IncreasedB.ReducedC.ExpandedD.Saddened(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.inlandB.coastalC.urbanD.suburban(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.dry-landB.mountainC.wetlandsD.forest(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.uniqueB.preciousC.interestin

18、gD.exciting(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.geologicallyB.adverselyC.secretivelyD.serially(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.shiftB.generateC.greaseD.fuse(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.hikingB.huggingC.attackingD.activating(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.endangerB.accommodateC.adhereD.enlarge(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.profitsB.valuesC.effectsD.interests(14).

19、【14】（分数：2.00）A.conditionsB.accommodationC.surroundingsD.evolution(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.adjustmentsB.benefitsC.adoptionsD.profits(16).【16】（分数：2.00）A.alternateB.abuseC.advocateD.create(17).【17】（分数：2.00）A.accidentalB.habitableC.anniversaryD.ambient(18).【18】（分数：2.00）A.adaptB.alleviateC.agitateD.assert(19)

20、.【19】（分数：2.00）A.ascertainedB.conformedC.consoledD.anticipated(20).【20】（分数：2.00）A.tutoredB.relayedC.triggeredD.reflected考博英语（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 7答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：80.00)（中南大学 2007年试题） The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 78 hours sleep【1】with some 16-17 hours wakeful

21、ness and that the sleep normally coincides【2】the hours of darkness. Our present【3】is with how easily and to what extent this【4】can be modified. The question is no mere academic one. The ease with【5】people can change from working in the day to working at night is a【6】of growing importance in industry

22、 where automation【7】round-the-clock working of machines. It normally【8】from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a【9】routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping【10】the day and working at night.【11】it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week. This【12】that no sooner ha

23、s he got used to one routine【13】he has to change to another,【14】much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very【15】One answer would seem to be【16】periods on each shift, a month, or even three months.【17】, recent research has shown that people on such systems will revert to go back to the

24、ir【18】habits of sleep and wakefulness during the week-end and that this is quite enough to destroy any【19】to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to those permanent night workers whose【20】may persist through all week-ends and holidays

25、.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.allegationB.alternation C.allocationD.alternative解析：解析：allegation 意为“主张，断言”；allocation 意为“分配，安置”，均与文章的意思不符。alternation意为“交替，轮换”，alternative 是 alternation的形容词形式，此处应填一个名词，所以 B是正确答案。(2).【2】（分数：2.00）A.overB.ofC.with D.in解析：解析：本题考查介词搭配。coincide with 为固定词组，指“一致，相符合”，此处指“通常睡眠时间

26、和黑夜时间相吻合”。而 A、B、D 三项不能与 coincide搭配，故选 C。(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.thinkB.considerC.regardD.concern 解析：解析：本题考查名词的辨析。句子的意思是“我们目前所关心的是”，只有 D项 concern有“关心，关注”的意思，所以正确答案是 D项。(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.roundB.circleC.periodD.cycle 解析：解析：本题考查名词的辨析。cycle 与前文保持一致，意为“循环，周期”，此处指“我们现在关心在何等程度上循环可以改善”。round 意为“圆，圆形物”；circle 意为“圆”

27、；period 意为“一段时间”，所以 D项为正确答案。(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.forB.thatC.Which D.as解析：解析：本题考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句的用法。关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导，如：The school in which he once studied isvery famous本题的句子结构是；The ease(主语)+with(介词+关系代词引导的定语从句)+is，所以正确答案为 C项。(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.matter B.troubleC.difficultyD.problem解析：解析：本题考查名

28、词词义辨析。a matter of 为固定词组，意为“(涉及的)问题”。trouble 意为“麻烦”；difficulty 指“困境”；problem 指“难题，困难”，所以选 A。(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.reacts toB.calls for C.invitesD.asks解析：解析：本题考查对动词词义的掌握。call for 意为“需要，值得”，此处指“自动化需要机器昼夜不停地工作”。react to 意为“反应”；invite 意为“邀请”；ask 意为“询问”，所以选 B。(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.requestsB.demandsC.spendsD.takes

29、 解析：解析：本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。It takes some time to do sth为固定句型；而 A、B、C 三项在句中不能以 it作为形式主语，故 D项为正确答案。(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.regularB.reversed C.returnedD.former解析：解析：本题是形容词辨析题。reversed 表示“反转的，颠倒的”，此处指“通常人们要花五天到一周的时间来适应一个相反的循环”。regular 意为“有规律的”；returned 意为“退同的”；former意为“早期的”，所以正确答案是 B项。(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.during B.a

30、fterC.ohD.with解析：解析：本题考查介词的用法。句子的意思是说在白天睡觉晚上工作，此处应该选择 during，因为during the day表示在这一天的时间里，表示持续性的一天，所以选 A。若表示具体的星期、日、月，应该用 on，比如：on that day，on Friday，on March；表示年用 in，比如：in 1999。但是如果年月日一起就用 on，比如：on the January 1st，1999。(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.In comparisonB.In a wordC.Unfortunately D.Therefore解析：解析：本题考查对

31、上下文的理解。上文提到“颠倒作息时间大约需要五天到一个星期”，而后文又说“在工厂里这种轮班工作经常是每周一换的”。工人们刚调整过来的作息时间又得换回去，这显然是“不幸地”。in comparison 意为“比较”；in a word 意为“总之”；therefore 意为“因此，所以”，此三项意思上不符合原文，所以选 C。(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.meanB.meaningC.meantD.means 解析：解析：本题考查谓语动词。此句的句子结构是 This(主语)+谓语+that，主语是 this，而且整篇文章用的都是一般现在时，所以这里就只能选择 means，正确答案是 D项

32、。(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.than B.thenC.whenD.as解析：解析：本题为语法题，考查连词固定搭配的用法。no soonerthan表示“一就”。此处指“这就意味着他刚适应一个循环，又变成了另一个循环”，而 B、C、D 三项不能与 no sooner搭配，所以正确答案是 A项。(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.asB.whileC.so that D.though解析：解析：本题考查对上下文的理解及连词的用法。前后文为因果关系，此处指“所以他的睡眠、工作效率都不高”，所以选 so that。(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.happilyB.easily

33、C.goodD.efficiently 解析：解析：本题考查对上下文的理解及副词的理解和运用。此处意为“作息时间经常性的颠倒当然会降低工作和睡眠的效率”；A、B、C 三项在意思上不符合原文，故 D项为正确答案。(16).【16】（分数：2.00）A.nicerB.longer C.betterD.shorter解析：解析：本题考查对上下文的理解。这里的 a month相对于前面的 a week当然是较长一点儿，所以选 B。(17).【17】（分数：2.00）A.However B.SimilarlyC.In shortD.So解析：解析：本题考查对上下文的理解。前文提到了较长的转换期，这相对于

34、一个星期来说会好一些，但它同样有不足之处。前后为转折关系。而选项 B、C、D 都不表示转折关系，所以选 A。(18).【18】（分数：2.00）A.favouriteB.temporaryC.normal D.new解析：解析：本题考查形容词的用法。normal 为“正常的”，此处指“在周末回到他们原来那种白天工作晚上睡觉的常规作息时间”。favourite 意为“喜爱的”，temporary 意为“短暂的，暂时的”均与原文意思不符，而且这句话里有 go back to，从意思上理解不能选 D，所以选 C。(19).【19】（分数：2.00）A.tendencyB.adaptation C.r

35、eturnD.change解析：解析：本题考查名词固定搭配和对句子的理解。adaptation(to)指“(对的)适应性”，在文中提及人类作息时间转换的适应性时，用的都是 adapt；而 tendency意为“倾向，趋势”，所以选 B。(20).【20】（分数：2.00）A.habit B.preferenceC.sleepD.wakefulness解析：解析：本题是名词辨析题。habit 此处指作息习惯。preference 意为“偏爱”；wakefulness 意为“醒着”，意思上不符合原文，所以 A项为正确答案。（清华大学 2007年试题） Sea rise as a consequen

36、ce of global warming would immediately threaten that large fraction of the globe living at sea level. Nearly one-third of all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the worlds great seaport cities would be【1】: New Orleans, Amsterdam, Shanghai, and Cairo. Some countries Maldives Is

37、lands in the Indian Ocean, islands in the Pacific would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas such as in Bangladesh and Egypt,【2】large populations occupy low-lying areas, would suffer extreme【3】. Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes and typhoons,【4】in coastal flooding, possibly swam

38、ping valuable agricultural ands around the world.【5】water quality may result in【6】flooding which forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable, natural【7】could be flooded with ocean water, destroying forever many of the【8】plant and animal species living the

39、re. Food supplies and forests would be【9】affected. Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would【10】grain-growing regions polewards. The warming would also increase and change the pest plants, such as weeds and the insects【11】the crops. Human health would also be

40、affected. Warming could【12】tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever, malaria, and other diseases. Heat stress and heat mortality could rise. The harmful【13】of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer【14】There will be some【15】from warming. New sea-lanes will ope

41、n in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will【16】new agricultural lands, and warmer temperature will make some of todays colder regions more【17】. But these benefits will be in individual areas. The natural systemsboth plant and animalwill be less a-ble than man to cope and【18】. Any chan

42、ge of temperature, rainfall, and sea level of the magnitude now【19】will be destructive to natural systems and living things and hence to man as well. The list of possible consequences of global warming suggests very clearly that we must do everything we can now to understand its causes and effects a

43、nd to take all measures possible to prevent and adapt to potential and inevitable disruptions【20】by global warming.（分数：40.00）(1).【1】（分数：2.00）A.ascendedB.assaultedC.erasedD.endangered 解析：解析：此处应选择 D项，这句话的意思是：世界上大多数的沿海城市都将受到威胁。Aascended上升，追溯；Bassaulted 攻击，袭击；Cerased 抹去，忘掉；Dendangered 危及。(2).【2】（分数：2.00

44、）A.whichB.where C.whenD.what解析：解析：此处应选择 B项，在这个句子中，where 指代 Bangladesh and Egypt。(3).【3】（分数：2.00）A.dislocation B.discontentC.distributionD.distinction解析：解析：此处应选择 A项，根据句意，应该是: 遭受极度的混乱。Adislocation 混乱，打乱；Bdiscontent 不满，不愉快；Cdistribution 分配，配给；Ddistinction 区别，特征。(4).【4】（分数：2.00）A.rebukingB.ramblingC.res

45、ulting D.rallying解析：解析：此处应选择 C，该处句意是：温暖的海水引起更强的飓风和台风，导致沿海洪水泛滥。Arebuking 斥责，指责；Brambling 漫步；Cresulting 导致；Drallying 重整旗鼓，振奋。(5).【5】（分数：2.00）A.IncreasedB.Reduced C.ExpandedD.Saddened解析：解析：此处应选择 B，根据文章意思分析，其他选项都不符合。AIncreased 增加，增进；BReduced 减少，简化；CExpanded 膨胀，展开；DSaddened 使悲哀，使黯然。(6).【6】（分数：2.00）A.inla

46、ndB.coastal C.urbanD.suburban解析：解析：此处应选择 B，根据文章内容可知，此处应该为：引起沿海洪水。Ainland 内陆的；Bcoastal 沿海的；Curban 城市的；Dsuburban 郊外的。(7).【7】（分数：2.00）A.dry-landB.mountainC.wetlands D.forest解析：解析：此处应选择 C。Adryland 旱地；Bmountain 山，山脉；Cwetlands 潮湿的土壤，沼泽地；Dforest 森林。(8).【8】（分数：2.00）A.unique B.preciousC.interestingD.exciting

47、解析：解析：此处应选择 A，此句话的意思是：永久破坏许多生活在那里的独特的动植物。Aunique 唯一的，独特的；Bprecious 宝贵的，珍贵的；Cinteresting 有趣味的，好奇的；Dexciting 令人兴奋的，使人激动的。(9).【9】（分数：2.00）A.geologically B.adverselyC.secretivelyD.serially解析：解析：此处应选择 A。Ageologically 地质地，地质学地；Badversely 反面地，负面地；Csecretively 秘密地，隐秘地；Dserially 连续地，顺次。(10).【10】（分数：2.00）A.sh

48、ift B.generateC.greaseD.fuse解析：解析：此处应选择 A。Ashift 转换，改变；Bgenerate 产生，生育；Cgrease 油脂，贿赂；Dfuse 熔合，溶化。(11).【11】（分数：2.00）A.hikingB.huggingC.attacking D.activating解析：解析：此处应选择 C。Ahiking 远足，步行；Bhugging 拥抱，搂抱；Cattacking 攻击，动手；Dactivating 创设，使活动。(12).【12】（分数：2.00）A.endangerB.accommodateC.adhereD.enlarge 解析：解析：

49、此处应选择 D，此句话的意思是：气候变暖会扩大热带气候的区域，带来黄热病、疟疾和其他疾病。Aendanger 危及，危害；Baccommodate 供应，调节；Cadhere 黏附，坚持；Denlarge 扩大，扩充。(13).【13】（分数：2.00）A.profitsB.valuesC.effects D.interests解析：解析：此处应选择 C，此句话的意思是：在温暖的条件下，局部城市空气污染的有害影响将会更严重。Aprofits 利润，得益；Bvalues 价值，估价；Ceffects 结果，影响；Dinterests 兴趣，关心。(14).【14】（分数：2.00）A.conditions B.accommodationC.surroundingsD.evolution解析：解析：此处应选择 A。Aconditions 条件，情形，环境；Baccommodation 住处，设备；Csurroundings 环境，附近；Devolution 进展，演变。(15).【15】（分数：2.00）A.adjustmentsB.be