【考研类试卷】湖北大学真题2005年及答案解析.doc

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1、湖北大学真题 2005 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：20.00)BDirections:/B There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice a

2、nd mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.Today, a high-level finance manager is just as likely to be a casual-looking 21-year-old as a balding executive. They have all either started their own companies or head a division within an existing firm.

3、 Most are under 30.Many of them share a tendency to think, speak and act fast. A detailed psychological study carried out recently on young business start-uppers aged over 25 revealed some common characteristics.The head psychologist at the University of Northumbria, Dr. Martyn Dyer-Smith, says “We

4、found that they are opportunists. They have that entrepreneurial ability to take whatever is in front of them and turn it to their advantage. Any fool can make US $ 2 if they are in the right place at the right time, what is much harder is to actually plan their business. Originally I had a hypothes

5、is that they planned a long time ahead, but I was wrong. What came across was a surprisingly short planning time. They took the opportunities as and when they came up.“What cannot be underestimated, though, is self-confidence.“There is an amazing, almost abnormal, belief in themselves and (they) go

6、very much on intuition.“ Says Dyer-Smith.While there is no typical pattern to what puts someone in the fast lane, there are some common threads: living up to the expectations of parents, channeling excessive amounts of energy into business, or finding a way to overcome personal barriers such as dysl

7、exia (a reading disability) or learning difficulties, for example.The biggest surprise was the lack of young women. This was particularly unexpected, given the recent publicity about how girls are performing better than boys at school and becoming more confident and ambitious.But young women are opt

8、ing for more secure careers rather than gambling with their future. With only a handful of female role models, some girls are not even considering being their own boss, let alone working on a concept fresh out of school, according to Dr Susan Vinnicombe, director of the center for the Development of

9、 Women Business Leader. “Women are going more into the corporate structure and doing well there. But perhaps the reason that they are not doing business for themselves at an earlier age is because womens attitudes are different. They perceive risk in a different way to men, who are not worried about

10、 borrowing huge amounts of money if its going to help their business in the long term. Women are more cautious and more hesitant ,“ she says.Vinnicombe sees the lack of female entrepreneurs as part of a larger problem about women and the IT industry. Given that the computer world is one of the key a

11、reas for growth, where youth is an asset, it is “remarkable“ that so many women are missing out on it.“The number of women in IT has actually dropped in the past 10 years. There is a real problem with attracting them to the IT industry, as girls dont seem to want to do it at university. Its become s

12、uch a worrying issue that I know the government is looking into ways to attract them.“（分数：5.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：1.00）A.Lack of young managers all over the world.B.Features of high-level finance managers.C.Origins of the decline in female-dominated industry.D.Aims of a young w

13、oman fresh out of school.(2).Which of the following does not account for the success of the young businessmen?（分数：1.00）A.They never hesitate to take full advantage of the approaching opportunities.B.They have a strong confidence in their own abilities.C.They often base their work on long-term planni

14、ng.D.They deal well with their personal advantages.(3).What is suggested as a reason for the shortage of business women?（分数：1.00）A.Girls do not perform so well as boys at school.B.Most companies are reluctant to employ women.C.Banks often refuse to give women large loans.D.Women are very worried abo

15、ut the risk-taking in their careers.(4).From the text we can learn that _.（分数：1.00）A.some managers are very young but already have their own business.B.some managers are as casual and irresponsible as energetic young people.C.the government is concerned about the lack of women in such a field as IT.

16、D.IT remains a minor area for growth.(5).The passage shows that the author is _ the present situation.（分数：1.00）A.critical ofB.amazed atC.disappointed atD.puzzled byOnce upon a time, innovation at Procter this hemisphere was best able to represent metaphorical aspects of speech.For example, in a test

17、 in which split-brain patients had to match a series of household objects, the left brain would match by function while the right would match by appearance. So, when seeing a cake on a plate, the left brain would connect to a picture of a fork and spoon while the right brain would select a picture o

18、f a broad-brimmed hat. 72. UThis evidence appeared to support the idea of a highly modular brain in which, for example, thinking in logical categories was a strictly left hemisphere function while mental imagery and spatial awareness were handled on the right./UBut this picture changed dramatically

19、as soon as brain-scanning experiments began to show that both sides of the brain played an active role in such processes. 73. URather it seemed to be the processing styles that distinguished the two halves-under the scanner, language turned out to be represented on both sides of the brain in matchin

20、g areas of the cortex (皮质). Areas on the left dealt with the core aspects of speech such as grammar and word production while aspects such as intonation and emphasis lit up the right side./U In the same way, the right brain proved to be good at working with a general sense of space, while equivalent

21、 areas in the left-brain fired when someone thought about objects as particular locations.（分数：15.00）(1).（分数：5.00）_(2).（分数：5.00）_(3).（分数：5.00）_五、BPart Chinese-(总题数：1，分数：15.00)31.城市一直在破坏它们的周围环境，并常常为之付出代价。科学家发现，一座老城在泥土下掩埋了千百年就是因为砍树过多而被洪水淹没的。此外，城市会给市民带来许多问题。据估计，到 2050 年时，城镇居民的数量将在人类历史上第一次超过农村人数。随后 30 年内

22、，城市居民人数将达到农村人口的两倍。人类的未来很大程度上将由城市的状况来决定，下几代人的生活质量和解决国家内部及国家之间冲突的机会将取决于各国政府是否能找到办法来控制城市的过快发展。（分数：15.00）_六、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：15.00)32.1. The aim of “Holiday Economy“ and its positive effects. 2. Problems derived from “Holiday Economy“. 3. My suggestions.（分数：15.00）_湖北大学真题 2005 年答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：

23、90 分钟)一、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：20.00)BDirections:/B There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER

24、SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.Today, a high-level finance manager is just as likely to be a casual-looking 21-year-old as a balding executive. They have all either started their own companies or head a division within an existing firm. Most are under 30.Many of them sh

25、are a tendency to think, speak and act fast. A detailed psychological study carried out recently on young business start-uppers aged over 25 revealed some common characteristics.The head psychologist at the University of Northumbria, Dr. Martyn Dyer-Smith, says “We found that they are opportunists.

26、They have that entrepreneurial ability to take whatever is in front of them and turn it to their advantage. Any fool can make US $ 2 if they are in the right place at the right time, what is much harder is to actually plan their business. Originally I had a hypothesis that they planned a long time a

27、head, but I was wrong. What came across was a surprisingly short planning time. They took the opportunities as and when they came up.“What cannot be underestimated, though, is self-confidence.“There is an amazing, almost abnormal, belief in themselves and (they) go very much on intuition.“ Says Dyer

28、-Smith.While there is no typical pattern to what puts someone in the fast lane, there are some common threads: living up to the expectations of parents, channeling excessive amounts of energy into business, or finding a way to overcome personal barriers such as dyslexia (a reading disability) or lea

29、rning difficulties, for example.The biggest surprise was the lack of young women. This was particularly unexpected, given the recent publicity about how girls are performing better than boys at school and becoming more confident and ambitious.But young women are opting for more secure careers rather

30、 than gambling with their future. With only a handful of female role models, some girls are not even considering being their own boss, let alone working on a concept fresh out of school, according to Dr Susan Vinnicombe, director of the center for the Development of Women Business Leader. “Women are

31、 going more into the corporate structure and doing well there. But perhaps the reason that they are not doing business for themselves at an earlier age is because womens attitudes are different. They perceive risk in a different way to men, who are not worried about borrowing huge amounts of money i

32、f its going to help their business in the long term. Women are more cautious and more hesitant ,“ she says.Vinnicombe sees the lack of female entrepreneurs as part of a larger problem about women and the IT industry. Given that the computer world is one of the key areas for growth, where youth is an

33、 asset, it is “remarkable“ that so many women are missing out on it.“The number of women in IT has actually dropped in the past 10 years. There is a real problem with attracting them to the IT industry, as girls dont seem to want to do it at university. Its become such a worrying issue that I know t

34、he government is looking into ways to attract them.“（分数：5.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about?（分数：1.00）A.Lack of young managers all over the world.B.Features of high-level finance managers. C.Origins of the decline in female-dominated industry.D.Aims of a young woman fresh out of school.解析：本文主要涉

35、及高层金融管理人员的特征。作者在本文中提到高层金融管理人员的许多特征：他们爱思考、爱说话、行动快捷，一有机会就不会放过，他们有很强的自信等。(2).Which of the following does not account for the success of the young businessmen?（分数：1.00）A.They never hesitate to take full advantage of the approaching opportunities.B.They have a strong confidence in their own abilities.C.T

36、hey often base their work on long-term planning. D.They deal well with their personal advantages.解析：C(They often base their work on long-term planning他们往往长期规划自己的工作。)不是年轻企业家成功的原因。作者在第三段说，他原以为年轻的企业家作长远打算，但他错了。给他留下了这样深刻的印象：他们没有作长远规划，一有机会就抓。(3).What is suggested as a reason for the shortage of business

37、women?（分数：1.00）A.Girls do not perform so well as boys at school.B.Most companies are reluctant to employ women.C.Banks often refuse to give women large loans.D.Women are very worried about the risk-taking in their careers. 解析：缺少女企业家的原因是她们在从事自己的职业时不敢冒险。关于这一点，倒数第三段讲得最清楚。(4).From the text we can learn

38、that _.（分数：1.00）A.some managers are very young but already have their own business.B.some managers are as casual and irresponsible as energetic young people.C.the government is concerned about the lack of women in such a field as IT. D.IT remains a minor area for growth.解析：从文中我们可以了解到政府对信息技术这一行缺少女性深感

39、忧虑。答案的依据是最后一段最后一句。(5).The passage shows that the author is _ the present situation.（分数：1.00）A.critical ofB.amazed at C.disappointed atD.puzzled by解析：短文表明作者对目前的情况感到吃惊。第三段出现了一个副词 surprisingly，第五段出现了一个形容词 amazing，第七段出现了一个名词 surprise。这些词均有“吃惊”的意思。因此，可以判断作者对现状感到吃惊。Once upon a time, innovation at Procter

40、this hemisphere was best able to represent metaphorical aspects of speech.For example, in a test in which split-brain patients had to match a series of household objects, the left brain would match by function while the right would match by appearance. So, when seeing a cake on a plate, the left bra

41、in would connect to a picture of a fork and spoon while the right brain would select a picture of a broad-brimmed hat. 72. UThis evidence appeared to support the idea of a highly modular brain in which, for example, thinking in logical categories was a strictly left hemisphere function while mental

42、imagery and spatial awareness were handled on the right./UBut this picture changed dramatically as soon as brain-scanning experiments began to show that both sides of the brain played an active role in such processes. 73. URather it seemed to be the processing styles that distinguished the two halve

43、s-under the scanner, language turned out to be represented on both sides of the brain in matching areas of the cortex (皮质). Areas on the left dealt with the core aspects of speech such as grammar and word production while aspects such as intonation and emphasis lit up the right side./U In the same w

44、ay, the right brain proved to be good at working with a general sense of space, while equivalent areas in the left-brain fired when someone thought about objects as particular locations.（分数：15.00）(1).（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：大脑的左半球被认为是冷静的、掌管逻辑和语言、起支配作用的半球，而大脑的右半球则掌管想象力，使人情绪容易波动，具有空间意识但处于压抑状态。大脑内部兼有阴与阳、英雄

45、与恶棍的两种特征。(2).（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：这一证据似乎证实了人们对高度组件化的大脑的看法。例如，在大脑中，左半球严格地按照逻辑思考问题，而右半球则掌管意象和空间意识。(3).（分数：5.00）_正确答案：()解析：似乎是处理方式区分了大脑的两个半球在扫描器底下观察，语言最终呈现在大脑两边皮质相应的区域。左边的区域处理像语法和构词这些核心的语言问题，而像语调和重音这两个方面则激活了大脑右侧。五、BPart Chinese-(总题数：1，分数：15.00)31.城市一直在破坏它们的周围环境，并常常为之付出代价。科学家发现，一座老城在泥土下掩埋了千百年就是因为砍树过多而被洪水

46、淹没的。此外，城市会给市民带来许多问题。据估计，到 2050 年时，城镇居民的数量将在人类历史上第一次超过农村人数。随后 30 年内，城市居民人数将达到农村人口的两倍。人类的未来很大程度上将由城市的状况来决定，下几代人的生活质量和解决国家内部及国家之间冲突的机会将取决于各国政府是否能找到办法来控制城市的过快发展。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：()解析：Cities have been destroying the environment around them and have paid a lot for it. Scientists discover that an old city bas been buried under the ground for thousands of years just because it was flooded by deforestation. In addition, a city will bring many problems to citizens. It is estimated that by 2050, the number of people in towns will have exceeded the number of people in rural areas for the