【考研类试卷】2012年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析.doc

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1、2012 年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.stock exchange（分数：2.00）_3.economic depression（分数：2.00）_4.airport terminal（分数：2.00）_5.CEO（分数：2.00）_6.NATO（分数：2.00）_7.Euro-zone（分数：2.00）_8.greenhouse gas emissions（分数：2.00）_9.jetliner（分数：2.00）_10.email spam（分数：2.00）_11.th

2、e House of Representatives（分数：2.00）_posite materials（分数：2.00）_13.Easter（分数：2.00）_14.organic food（分数：2.00）_15.telemarketing（分数：2.00）_16.jet lag（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.自动飞行系统（分数：2.00）_微机_20.欧共体（分数：2.00）_三农_私企_能耗_24.第三产业（分数：2.00）_25.中国石化（分数：2.00）_26.全球定位系统（分数：2.00）_27.工商管理硕士（分数：2.00）_28.身份证（分数：2.00）_人大_30.

3、激光唱片（分数：2.00）_31.亚太经合组织（分数：2.00）_32.雅思考试（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_34.One of the greatest challenges that face every American president is to ensure that events of the day do not become cascading crises that crowd out the pursuit of our nation“s long-term strategic priorities and interest

4、s. This has been particularly true over the past three years, when the US has confronted a daunting array of challenges: global financial crises; the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan; terrorist threats; direct challenges to global nuclear non-proliferation regimes; and the still unfolding, events across

5、 the Middle East and North Africa. Even as we have dealt with these dynamics, President Obama has pursued a rebalancing of our foreign policy priorities 梐 nd renewed our long-standing alliances, including with NATO 梩 o ensure that our focus and our resources match our nation“s most important strateg

6、ic interests.（分数：2.00）_35.Air France and British Airways have announced that later this year they will retire all of their Concordes from commercial service. For many Americans the Concorde has always been a bit of a joke, a prime example of what happens when bureaucrats pursue prestige through engi

7、neering. By the early 1960s US private firms were clearly ahead of European jet makers. The governments of France and the UK launched a joint project to outdo the Americans at their own game, by designing a supersonic jet that would restore European technological preeminence. After years of experime

8、ntation at vast public expense, the Anglo-French designers had made an engineering wonder with little hope of ever turning a profit.（分数：2.00）_36.汉译英_37.白天与夜间一样的安闲；一切人物或动或静，都有自得之趣；嫩暖的阳光或者轻淡的云影覆盖在场上，到夜呢，明耀的星月或者徐缓的凉风看守着整夜，在这境界这时间唯一的足以感动心情的就是秋虫儿们的合奏。它们高、低、宏、细、疾、徐、作、歇，仿佛曾经过乐师的精心训练，所以这样的无可批评、踌躇满志，其实它们每一个都

9、是神妙的乐师；众妙毕集，各抒灵趣，那有不成人间绝响的呢。（分数：2.00）_38.我若为王，我的姓名就会改作“万岁”，我的每一句话都成为“圣旨”。我的意欲，我的贪念，乃至每一个幻想，都可竭尽全体臣民的力量去实现，即使是无法实现的。我将没有任何过失，因为没有人敢说它是过失；我将没有任何罪行，因为没有人敢说它是罪行。没有人敢呵斥我，指摘我，除非把我从王位上赶下来。但是赶下来，就是我不为王了。（分数：2.00）_2012 年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.stock exchan

10、ge（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：证券交易所)解析：3.economic depression（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：经济萧条)解析：4.airport terminal（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：机场航站楼)解析：5.CEO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：首席执行官(Chief Executive Officer)解析：6.NATO（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：北大西洋公约组织(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)解析：7.Euro-zone（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：欧元区)解

11、析：8.greenhouse gas emissions（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：温室气体排放量)解析：9.jetliner（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：喷气式客机)解析：10.email spam（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：垃圾邮件)解析：11.the House of Representatives（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(美)众议院)解析：posite materials（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：复合材料)解析：13.Easter（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：复活节)解析：14.organic foo

12、d（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：有机食品)解析：15.telemarketing（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：电话营销)解析：16.jet lag（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：飞机时差反应)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.自动飞行系统（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：automatic flight system(AFS)解析：微机_正确答案：(正确答案：microcomputer)解析：20.欧共体（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：European Community(EC)解析：三农_正确答案：(正确答案：agriculture, cou

13、ntryside and farmers)解析：私企_正确答案：(正确答案：private enterprise)解析：能耗_正确答案：(正确答案：energy consumption)解析：24.第三产业（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：tertiary industry)解析：25.中国石化（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Sinopec)解析：26.全球定位系统（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：GPS(Global Positioning System)解析：27.工商管理硕士（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：MBA(Master of Business

14、Administration)解析：28.身份证（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：ID card)解析：人大_正确答案：(正确答案：NPC(National People“s Congress)解析：30.激光唱片（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：CD(compact disk)解析：31.亚太经合组织（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：APEC(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)解析：32.雅思考试（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：IELTS(International English Language Testing Syst

15、em)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.One of the greatest challenges that face every American president is to ensure that events of the day do not become cascading crises that crowd out the pursuit of our nation“s long-term strategic priorities and interests. This has been particularly true over t

16、he past three years, when the US has confronted a daunting array of challenges: global financial crises; the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan; terrorist threats; direct challenges to global nuclear non-proliferation regimes; and the still unfolding, events across the Middle East and North Africa. Even a

17、s we have dealt with these dynamics, President Obama has pursued a rebalancing of our foreign policy priorities 梐 nd renewed our long-standing alliances, including with NATO 梩 o ensure that our focus and our resources match our nation“s most important strategic interests.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 历任美国总统

18、所要面对的最大挑战之一，是确保日常发生的事件不会演变成妨碍我们追寻国家长期战略重点和利益的一连串危机。这种情况在过去三年间表现得尤为明显，在此期间，美国遭遇了令人头疼的一连串挑战：全球金融危机、伊拉克战争和阿富汗战争、恐怖主义威胁、全球核不扩散体系遭遇的直接挑战以及仍在演变之中的中东及北非局势。即便我们已着手应对这些变动，奥巴马总统已在寻求实现美国外交重点的再平衡，并加强了与包括北约在内的美国长期盟友之间的关系，以确保我们的重点和资源与国家最重要的战略利益相匹配。)解析：35.Air France and British Airways have announced that later th

19、is year they will retire all of their Concordes from commercial service. For many Americans the Concorde has always been a bit of a joke, a prime example of what happens when bureaucrats pursue prestige through engineering. By the early 1960s US private firms were clearly ahead of European jet maker

20、s. The governments of France and the UK launched a joint project to outdo the Americans at their own game, by designing a supersonic jet that would restore European technological preeminence. After years of experimentation at vast public expense, the Anglo-French designers had made an engineering wo

21、nder with little hope of ever turning a profit.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 法航与英航最近宣布，今年晚些时候所有的协和飞机将从商业飞行中退役。对于很多美国人来说，长期以来协和飞机多少是个笑料，是显示政府官僚之间通过工程领域的竞争追求声望而成为笑料的最好例子。在 20 世纪 60 年代初期，美国民间飞机制造公司就已明显地领先于欧洲的喷气式飞机制造厂家。法国政府和英国政府联合发起了一个依靠自己的力量超过美国的计划，想通过设计超音速飞机以恢复其在欧洲技术的领先地位。经过几年耗费巨额国有资金的试验之后，英法设计师们炮制出了一个几乎无望获得赢

22、利的工程奇迹。)解析：36.汉译英_解析：37.白天与夜间一样的安闲；一切人物或动或静，都有自得之趣；嫩暖的阳光或者轻淡的云影覆盖在场上，到夜呢，明耀的星月或者徐缓的凉风看守着整夜，在这境界这时间唯一的足以感动心情的就是秋虫儿们的合奏。它们高、低、宏、细、疾、徐、作、歇，仿佛曾经过乐师的精心训练，所以这样的无可批评、踌躇满志，其实它们每一个都是神妙的乐师；众妙毕集，各抒灵趣，那有不成人间绝响的呢。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：There peace and tranquility prevail day and night. All living beings, whether m

23、oving or at rest, stand to enjoy life in their own way. In the daytime, the sun shines warm and cozy with thin clouds floating over the fields, while during the night, the moon and stars hang bright in the sky with soft breezes cooling the air. The only thing capable of affecting our mood then and t

24、here is the chorus by insects. Their performance, with a voice high or low, sonorous or piping, quick or slow, sustained or suspended, is flawless and skilful, as if they had undergone through training under a music master. In fact, each and every one of them is a consummate music master all by itse

25、lf. A constellation of fine artists, they each give full play to their unique talent. No wonder their performance has reached the peak of artistic perfection.)解析：38.我若为王，我的姓名就会改作“万岁”，我的每一句话都成为“圣旨”。我的意欲，我的贪念，乃至每一个幻想，都可竭尽全体臣民的力量去实现，即使是无法实现的。我将没有任何过失，因为没有人敢说它是过失；我将没有任何罪行，因为没有人敢说它是罪行。没有人敢呵斥我，指摘我，除非把我从王位

26、上赶下来。但是赶下来，就是我不为王了。（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：If I were king, I would be addressed as “Your Majesty“ and every word of mine would become a “royal edict. “ All my subjects would leave no stone unturned to carry out every will, every avaricious desire and even every whim of mine, even though they were all beyond the possible. I would do no wrong simply because no one dared to call it a wrong. I would commit no crime simply because no one dared to call it a crime. No one would dare to berate or find fault with me unless I was removed from the throne, which meant that I was no longer the king.)解析：