[考研类试卷]2012年燕山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2012 年燕山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 UNICEF2 CPI3 UNESCO4 UNDP5 ISO6 WMO7 World Habitat Day8 Law of Protection of Minors9 registered capital10 intermediary services11 biodegradable substance12 life-long learning system13 disguised inflation14 stock option15 A stitch in time saves nine.汉译英16 核心竞争力17 社会保障体系

2、18 外汇储备19 市场准人20 人才流失21 娱乐业22 孔子学院23 棍棒教育24 不良贷款25 打假26 科教兴国27 国际经济新秩序28 趋利避害29 可持续发展战略30 知识经济时代英译汉31 For millennia man has exploited and often destroyed the riches of the land. Now man covets the wealth of the oceans, which cover nearly three-quarters of the earth. But the scramble for minerals and

3、 oil, for new underwater empires, could heighten international tensions and set a new and wider stage for world conflict.Even the most conservative estimates of resources in the seabed stagger the imagination. In the millions of miles of ocean that touch a hundred nations live four out of five livin

4、g things on earth. In the seabed, minerals and oil have been proved to exist in lavish supply. The oceans are a source of pure water and food protein; of drugs and building materials; they are even possibly a habitat for man himself and a key to survival for the doubling population on the land.Man m

5、ay yet learn to use a tiny fraction of this wealth. Unless international law soon determines how it shall be shared, that fraction alone could set off a new age of colonial war. Is the deep seabed, like the high seas, common to all? Or like the wilderness areas of land, is it open to national claim

6、by the use and occupation of the first or the strongest pioneer? The question of what is to be done to regulate and control exploitation of the seabeds is no longer a theoretical matter. It is a problem of international concern. We must decide how to divide this great wealth equitably among nations.

7、 But wealth is not the only thing at stake. We must also learn how to protect the oceans from the menace of pollution.More familiar to most of us is the accelerated pace of offshore drilling that now extends more than 50 miles out to sea and accounts for 15 percent of U. S. oil production. In the tw

8、elve years between 1955 and 1967, offshore production of crude oil increased from seven million to 222 million barrels. Estimates of known reserves of natural gas have more than tripled in the past 15 years, and each advance in scientific exploration of the ocean beds brings to light new finds that

9、would gladden the eye of the most hardened veteran of the California gold rush.(371 words)汉译英32 读书是文明生活中人所共认的一种乐趣，极为无福享受此种乐趣的人所羡慕。我们如把一生爱读书的人和一生不知读书的人比较一下，便能了解这一点。凡是没有读书癖好的人，就时间和空间而言，简直是等于幽囚在周遭的环境里边。他的一生完全落于日常例行公事的圈禁中。他只有和少数几个朋友或熟人接触谈天的机会，只能看见眼前的景物，没有逃出这所牢狱的法子。但在他拿起一本书时，立刻就走进了另一个世界。如若所拿的又是一部好书，则他便已得

10、到了一个和一位最善谈者接触的机会。这位善谈者引领他走进另外一个国界，或者另外一个时代，或向他倾吐自己胸中的不平，或和他讨论一个他从来不知道的生活问题。一个人在每天的二十四小时中，能有两个小时的工夫撇开一切俗世烦扰，而走到另一个世界去游览一番，这种幸福自然是被无形牢狱拘囚的人们所极羡慕的。这种环境的变更，在心里的效果上，其实等于出门旅行。(373 words)2012 年燕山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 联合国儿童基金会2 【正确答案】 消费者物价指数3 【正确答案】 联合国教科文组织4 【正确答案】 联合国开发计划署5 【正确答案】 国际标准化组织6 【正确答案】

11、世界气象组织7 【正确答案】 世界住房日8 【正确答案】 未成年人保护法9 【正确答案】 注册资本10 【正确答案】 中介服务11 【正确答案】 可生物降解的物质12 【正确答案】 终身学习体系13 【正确答案】 变相通货膨胀14 【正确答案】 股票期权15 【正确答案】 小洞不补，大洞吃苦。汉译英16 【正确答案】 core competitiveness17 【正确答案】 social security system18 【正确答案】 foreign exchange reserve19 【正确答案】 market access20 【正确答案】 brain drain21 【正确答案】

12、entertainment industry22 【正确答案】 Confucius Institute23 【正确答案】 stick parenting24 【正确答案】 nonperforming loan25 【正确答案】 crackdown on counterfeit goods26 【正确答案】 rejuvenate the country through science and education27 【正确答案】 new order of international economy28 【正确答案】 draw on advantages and avoid disadvantag

13、es29 【正确答案】 the strategy of sustainable development30 【正确答案】 the era of knowledge-driven economy英译汉31 【正确答案】 几千年来，人类已经开发并经常会毁掉陆地丰富的资源。而现在人类觊觎着占地球面积几乎四分之三的海洋财富。但对于水下帝国矿产和石油的争夺将会加剧国际紧张关系，为世界范围的冲突营造新的更广阔的舞台。即便是对海底资源最保守的估计，也会激发人们的无限想象。在那触及一百个国家数百万英里的海洋中，生存着地球上五分之四的生物。海底已经证实蕴含丰富的矿产和石油。海洋还可以提供纯净水和食物蛋白质、药物

14、和建筑材料，甚至可能说海洋就是人类自己的栖息地，也是陆地上成倍增长的人口生存的关键。但是人类学会了利用这笔财富中的一小部分，如果不是国际法很快对于海洋的分配作了规定，这一小部分财富都会引发新时代的殖民战争。比如，公海中的深海是属于所有人的吗? 或者就像，国家可不可以声称陆地上的一片荒野属于第一个或实力最强的那个利用并占有它的带头人?管理和控制海底开发的问题不再是一个理论问题，而是一个国际关注的问题。我们必须确定该怎么在所有国家之间公平地分配这笔财富。但身处险境的并不只是这笔财富，而是我们还要学习怎样保护海洋免受污染威胁。对我们大多数人来说，更为熟悉的莫过于近海石油钻探的步伐加快，现在钻探的海域

15、绵延 50 多英里，占据美国石油生产的 15。在 1955 年到 1967 年的 12 年间，生产的近海原油从 700 加仑上涨到 222 亿加仑。在过去 15 年间，已知天然气的估计储量增长了超过三倍，海底科学开发的每一次进步都会有新的发现，连加利福尼亚淘金热时的老手看了都会双眼放光。汉译英32 【正确答案】 Reading is widely considered as a pleasure in peoples cultural life. And those who can not enjoy it look enviously at this pleasure. We can mak

16、e this point clear just by making a comparison between he who loves reading all his life and those who dont. Considering time and space, he who doesnt make the habit of reading is no less than being imprisoned in the surrounding environment. All his life retains limited to the custody of routine aff

17、airs. He can only chat with few friends or acquaintances, and see what in his line of sight, which can not help escape from the jail. However, when he resorts to a book, he goes into the other world. If it is a good book, he gets a chance to talk with the talker. The talker leads him into the other

18、world or the other era talking with him about his sorrows or a life problem he never knew before. As leaving aside those odds and ends for just two hours from around the clock and travelling across another world, he is envied by those who are imprisoned by intangible jail. The change of environment is made mentally and actually is the equivalent of having a journey.