2019高考英语一轮基础梳理与练习Unit5Themeparks（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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1、1Unit 5 Theme parks李仕才【短文语法填空】The adobe dwellings(土 坯 房 ) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to air condition a house w

2、ithout 4 (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day; 7 the

3、same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 9 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls

4、 needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.【文章大意】土坯房比现在的房子好在冬暖夏凉。现代的建筑师都很羡慕这样的房子不用空调就能很好地调节室内的温度， 关键是这房子的墙的厚度。1. built 【解析】考査非谓语动词。本句的主语是 The adobe dwellings，谓语是 are admired，因此空白处不需要谓语动词，应用过去分词短语作定语，表示一个被动的、已完成的动作。2. the 【解析】考査冠词。形容词最高级前用定冠词 the。3. ability 【解析】考査词性转化。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，且前有 the

5、ir修饰，故填名词 ability。4. using 【解析】考査非谓语动词。介词 without后接动名词作宾语。5. slowly 【解析】考査词性转化。修饰动词应用副词。26. to cool 【解析】考査固定结构/考査非谓语动词。enough to do 表示足以，不定式短语作结果状语。7. at 【解析】考査介词/固定搭配。at the same time 表示同时，是固定搭配。8. goes 9. natural 【解析】考査词性转化。修饰名词应用形容词。10. how 【解析】考査名词性从句的连接词。根据语境及句子结构分析可知，此处应用 how引导宾语从句。(对应学生用书 P10

6、3)一高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇_swing_ n. 秋千；摇摆 vt.&vi.摇摆；摆动_preserve_ vt.保存；保留 n.保护区_unique_ adj.独一无二的；仅有的deed n行动；事迹 _do_ v做central adj.中心的；中央的 _centre_ n中心various adj.不同的；各种各样的 _vary_ vt.使不同 _variety_ n种类；多样化attraction n有吸引力的事物；吸引 _attract_ vt.吸引 _attractive_ adj.吸引人的advance vt.&vi.前进；促进；提前 n.前进；进步 _advanced_

7、 adj.高级的；先进的2常考词汇3theme n. _题目；主题曲_length n. _长度；长_long adj. _长的_minority n. _少数；少数民族_majority n. _大多数_amusement n_消遣；娱乐；活动_amuse vt. _消遣；娱乐；使发笑_tourism n. _旅游业_tour n. _旅游_vt.&vi. _旅行_admission n. _允许进入；入场费；承认_admit v. _承认；允许进入_translator n. _译员；翻译_translate v. _翻译_translation n. _翻译；译文_用所给单词的适当形式填

8、空1As the Kennedy Centers artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and _preserve_ (preservation) its history and culture.(2017全国卷)2Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find _various_ (vary) ways you can support Pacific Science Center.(2017全国卷

9、)3Both the hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking _attracted_ (attract) me.(2017全国卷)4TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing, bringing a _unique_ (unique) combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.(2017北京卷)5As a resu

10、lt its likely to see a rise in the size of its workingage population and to witness strong economic growth over the _longer_ (long) term.(2017江苏卷)6From family pets and wild animals to toys，animals are a _central_ (centre) part of every childs world.(2016浙江卷)7He is deeply moved by their glorious _dee

11、ds_ (deed)(2016江苏卷)8Since then，I have taken courses like Data Science and _Advanced_ (advance) Mathematics.(2016北京卷)4“少数，多数”家族minority n少数；少数民族majority n大多数few adj.少数的，很少的 n.少数，很少，几个little adj.少量的，很少的 n.一点点most adj.大多数的，最多的 n.大多数，大部分many adj.许多的 n.许多后缀th 构成抽象名词集锦length 长度depth 深度strength 力量 warmth 温

12、暖width 宽度growth 生长，成长后缀sion 构成抽象名词集锦admission 承认；允许进入collision 碰撞；冲突；抵触conclusion 结论confusion 困惑；混淆decision 决定explosion 爆炸impression 印象invasion 侵略permission 允许；许可possession 拥有【完形填空】Honesty is always the best policy，especially when it comes to mental health problems.In a TV _1_，one girl gets very rea

13、l about dealing with anxiety and panic.“I was the best student in my high school.I put so much _2_ on myself， ” she said.“I never _3_ a class.But I got sick during 10th grade and I started to _4_.That was when the panic attacks began.”She goes on to describe what a panic attack _5_ like， “One day th

14、e teacher handed me my grade _6_，and I 5couldnt breathe.My heart was beating very _7_.I felt disconnected.I saw people trying to talk to me but I couldnt hear them.Afterwards，I was sent to _8_， ”she shared.It was then _9_ the attacks started happening _10_ daily，and they havent stopped.“Last year I

15、started college.And I cant be the best student here no matter how hard I try， ”she said.“Everyone is so _11_.My panic attacks got so bad that I had to _12_ my first semester.”However，now she is facing her anxiety，and things are getting better.“I used to try to hide _13_.I thought that _14_ nobody kn

16、ew，it would not exist， ”she said.“But the more I talk about my _15_，the more I realize that other people experience _16_ things.So Im trying to express it more.I had a great teacher _17_ told me， Instead of letting anxiety keep you from doing your art，let it be the thing that _18_ your art. ”Recentl

17、y，women all over the world took to Twitter to _19_ what anxiety is like.We are _20_ alone.1A.project BprogramCplatform Dstation2A.weight BheightCpressure Dmeasure3A.joined BsucceededCfailed Dattended4A.fall behind Bfall downCleave behind Dleave alone5A.looks BsoundsCtastes Dfeels6A.report BsurveyCre

18、search Dnotice7A.mildly BwildlyCslowly Dseverely8A.school BworkChospital Dhome9A.when BsinceCbefore Dthat10A.still Balways6Cmerely Dalmost11A.ambitious BanxiousCtalented Dexperienced12A.arrange BperformCoperate Dcancel13A.it BthemCme Dus14A.unless BifCwhile Das15A.confidence BdreamCissue Ddesire16A.

19、similar BfamiliarCvarious Dserious17A.who BwhomCwhose Dwhich18A.abandons BquitsCmotivates Dprotests 19A.advertise BadviseCshare Dcompare20A.always BsometimesCseldom Dnever【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个女孩分享了她曾经的焦虑经历，后来，她勇敢面对焦虑，情况得以好转。作者借这个事例说明直面困难、坦诚问题往往是解决心理健康问题的良策。【核心词汇】deal with 处理，应付panic n恐慌，惊恐 v使恐慌policy

20、n政策，策略，保险单disconnected adj.分离的，断开的，不连贯的，无关联的semester n半学年，一学期1B 根据“In a TV _1_，one girl gets very real about dealing with anxiety and panic”可知，在一个电视节目(program)中，一个女孩坦诚地分享了她克服焦虑和惊恐的经历，故 B项正确。A 项意为“项目” ；C 项意为“平台” ；D 项意为“站” ，都与语境不符。2C 根据前一句“I was the best student in my high school” ，再结合该句“I 7put so muc

21、h _2_ on myself”可知，该句是说，在学校里这个女孩是一位优等生，她自己给自己施加了很多压力。C 项意为“压力” ，符合语境，故 C项正确。A 项意为“体重” ；B项意为“身高” ；D 项意为“度量单位” ，都与语境不符。3C 根据上文，再结合该句“I never _3_ a class”可知，这个女孩从没有考试不及格过；C 项意为“不及格” ，符合语境，故 C项正确。A 项意为“加入” ；B 项意为“成功” ；D 项意为“参加” 。4A 根据上下文可知，在十年级时这个女孩生病了，成绩开始落后；A 项意为“落后” ，符合语境，故 A项正确。B 项意为“不实，不能令人满意” ；C 项

22、意为“留下，遗留” ；D项意为“不打扰” 。5D 根据空处前后句可知，这个女孩是在描述焦虑症发作时的感觉。feel like 为固定搭配，意为“感觉像是” ，符合语境，故 D项正确。6A 根据该句中“One day the teacher handed me my grade _6_，and I couldnt breathe”可知，老师将成绩单交给了这个女孩；表示“成绩单”用“grade report”，故 A项正确。7B 根据后一句“I felt disconnected”可以判断，这个女孩看到了她的成绩单后感觉无法呼吸，心脏疯狂地(wildly)跳动，故 B项正确。A 项意为“温和地”

23、；C 项意为“缓慢地” ；D 项意为“严格地” 。8C 参见上题解析并结合该句“Afterwards，I was sent to _8_”可以判断，最后，这个女孩被送往医院。故 C项正确。9D 根据该句“It was then _9_ the attacks started happening _10_ daily，and they havent stopped”可知，该句使用了强调句型，被强调的部分是then，故用 that引导句中的其他部分，故 D项正确。10D 根据空处所在句可知，从那时起焦虑几乎每天发生，没有停止过。D 项意为“几乎” ，符合语境，故 D项正确。11C 根据空处前一句可

24、知，在大学里，无论这个女孩怎么努力都无法成为最好的学生；结合该句“Everyone is so _11_”可知，每个人都有天赋；C 项意为“有天赋的” ，符合语境，故 C项正确。12D 根据该句“My panic attacks got so bad that I had to _12_ my first semester”可知，这个女孩的焦虑症变得如此严重，她不得不休学。D 项意为“取消” ，符合语境，故 D项正确。13A 根据空处前后句可知，空处指代前一句的“anxiety” ，后一句中的“it would not exist”也是提示。故此处用 it。14B 根据语境可知，空处引导条件状

25、语从句，故此处用 if。15C 根据上下文可知，空处是指这个女孩的焦虑问题。C 项意为“问题” ，符合语8境，故 C项正确。A 项意为“信心” ；B 项意为“梦想” ；D 项意为“渴望” 。16A 根据上下文可知，此处是指这个女孩对她的问题谈得越多，她就越意识到其他人也经历过相似的事情。文章的最后一段也是提示。故 A项正确。17A 分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为“a great teacher” ，在从句中作主语，故用 who引导该定语从句。18C 根据语境可知，空处应用与“keep you from doing your art”意义相反的一个动词。C 项意为“激励” ，符合语境

26、，故 C项正确。A 项意为“放弃” ；B 项意为“停止” ；D项意为“反对” 。19C 根据该句“Recently，women all over the world took to Twitter to _19_ what anxiety is like”可知，最近，世界各地的女性都在推特上分享了焦虑的经历。C 项意为“分享” ，符合语境，故 C项正确。20D 参见上题解析，再结合该句“We are _20_ alone”可知，焦虑者不是孤独的，故用否定词 never。二重点短语识记思考运用1be形容词/过去分词介词be _famous_ for 以而闻名be _familiar_ with

27、对熟悉be _modeled_ after 根据模仿；伪造2其他形式come _true_ 实现_no_ wonder 难怪；不足为奇have _fun_ 玩得高兴face _to_ face 面对面get _close_ to 接近come _to_ life 活跃起来；苏醒_in_ advance 提前as _well_ as 除之外，还；和as _well_ 又，也用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to r

28、eintroduce wolves to other parts of the country _as well_.(2017全国卷)2With the full package，the programme organiser is supposed to collect 9students luggage _in advance_.(2016天津卷)3Suddenly I found a stranger _getting close to_ me，which made me a little nervous.4He has been there many times._No wonder_

29、 he doesnt approve of the plan going there for holidays.5Your dream will _come true_ sooner or later as long as you do your best.“non.”必备短语一览no doubt 无疑，毫无疑问no hurry 不忙，不必着急no good 毫无用处no problem 没问题no surprise 毫不意外no use 无用处no way 没门，不行no wonder 难怪；不足为奇get 构成的三词短语荟萃get close to 接近 get accustomed to

30、 习惯于get ahead of 胜过，超过get along with 与相处get down to 认真对待，开始认真处理get familiar with 变得熟悉三佳句选粹在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背原句 学句型 练仿写1.Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters，others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture.有些主题公园以有最大或最长的过山车而闻名，有些则因展示了文化中的著名景点和声音而闻名。some.oth

31、ers.“有些有些” 。公园里有许多人，一些人在唱歌跳舞，还有一些人在画画。There are a large number of people in the park._Some_ are singing and dancing；_others_ are drawing.2.Whichever and whatever you 疑问句ever 引导 这个故事的寓意是：不遗余力地获取知识，10like，there is a theme park for you!无论你喜欢哪一个，不管你喜欢什么，总会有一个适合你的主题公园！让步状语从句。 不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。The moral of

32、 the story is：spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily _however difficult the situation may be_.3.Futuroscope is not only for individuals，but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.“观测未来”主题公园不仅仅适合个人，也适合学生全班出游，因为它是娱乐和学习的完美结合。not only.but also.“不但而且”

33、 ，not only 放在句首时，其所在的句子要用部分倒装我相信这些捐赠的书不仅使你更熟悉中国而且有助于你提高汉语水平。I believe these donated books will not only make you more familiar with China _but also help improve your Chinese_.【短文改错】It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I walk into my new high school. After registered in the classroom，the vo

34、lunteer took me to my dormitory. Altogether I had five roommates，two of which arrived later.I got to know my new roommate immediately. Although I was quite unwilling to say“Goodbye” to my father，but he had to leave to home. I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live

35、independently.Not until then I know my senior high school life had real begun.【答案】 It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I into my new high walkwalkedschool. After in the classroom， volunteer took me to my dormitory. registeredregistering theaAltogether I had five roommates，two of arrived l

36、ater.I got to know my new whichwhomimmediately. Although I was quite unwilling to say“Goodbye” to my roommateroommatesfather， / he had to leave home. I suddenly realized I had grown up and butyetbut toforthat I had to look after and live independently.Not until then I know memyself didmy senior high

37、 school life had begun.realreally11第一处：walkwalked。考查动词时态。根据“It was on a warm autumn day”可知，事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。第二处：registeredregistering。考查动名词。after 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词形式。第三处：thea。考查冠词。volunteer 是可数名词，且第一次在文中出现，故用不定冠词修饰。第四处：whichwhom。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，应用 whom引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作介词 of的宾语，修饰先行词 five roomma

38、tes。第五处：roommateroommates。考查名词复数。由上文的“I had five roommates”可知，室友不止一个，故用复数形式。第六处：删除 but或将 but改为 yet。考查连词。在英语中，although 和 but不能同时出现在一个句子中，故删除 but。也可将 but改为 yet。补充：此处也可将 Although删掉，但是语意上没有修改 but好。第七处：leave 后的 to改为 for。考查介词。leave for 意为“前往” ，为固定词组，符合语境。第八处：memyself。考查代词。与句子主语 I呼应，应用反身代词，意为“照顾好自己” 。第九处：then 后加 did。考查倒装句。not until 置于句首时，常采用部分倒装，即把助动词放在主语之前。由时间状语 then和下文的时态可知，此处用一般过去时，故用 did。第十处：realreally。考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故将 real改为 really。