SAE AMS 2665H-2013 Brazing Silver For Use Up to 400 (204 《在不超过400℉(204℃)的条件下使用的银钎焊》.pdf

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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there

2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m

3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside U

4、SA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS2665H AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS2665 REV. H Issued 1947-12 Reaffirmed 2007-11 Re

5、vised 2013-05 Superseding AMS2665G Brazing, Silver For Use Up to 400 F (204 C) RATIONALE AMS2665H results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification and includes corrected metric equivalent values for assembly clearances in paragraph 3.4.2.1. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Purpose This specification cov

6、ers the engineering requirements for producing brazed joints in parts fabricated from steels, iron alloys, nickel alloys, cobalt alloys, and copper alloys by use of silver alloys, and the properties of such joints. 1.2 Application This procedure has been used typically for joints requiring high stre

7、ngth up to 400 F (204 C), but usage is not limited to such applications. 1.3 Warning Numerous scientific studies have determined that cadmium, which is used in some brazing alloys, presents a health hazard to persons if inhaled. 1.4 Safety - Hazardous Materials While the materials, methods, applicat

8、ions and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use of hazardous materials, this specification does not address the hazards which may be involved in such use. It is the sole responsibility of the user to ensure familiarity with the safe and proper use of any hazardou

9、s materials and to take necessary precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier

10、 may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. SAE AMS2665H Page 2 of 7 2.1 SAE Publications Availab

11、le from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-7323 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2403 Plating, Nickel, General Purpose AMS2424 Plating, Nickel, Low-Stressed Deposit AMS3410 Flux, Silver Brazing AMS4763 Silver Alloy

12、, Brazing Filler Metal, 56Ag - 22Cu -17Zn - 5.0Sn, 1145 to 1205 F (618 to 652 C) Solidus - Liquidus Range AMS4770 Silver Alloy Brazing Filler Metal, 50Ag - 18Cd - 16.5Zn - 15.5Cu, 1160 to 1175 F (627 to 635 C) Solidus - Liquidus Range AMS4771 Silver Alloy, Brazing Filler Metal, 50Ag - 16Cd - 15.5Zn

13、- 15.5Cu - 3.0Ni, 1170 to 1270 F (632 to 688 C) Solidus - Liquidus Range AMS4773 Silver Alloy, Brazing Filler Metal, 60Ag - 30Cu - 10Sn, 1115 to 1325 F (602 to 718 C), Solidus - Liquidus Range AMS4774 Silver Alloy Brazing Filler Metal, 63Ag - 28.5Cu - 6.0Sn - 2.5Ni, 1275 to 1475 F (691 to 802 C) Sol

14、idus - Liquidus Range AMS4788 Silver Alloy Brazing Filler Metal, 50Ag - 28Zn - 20Cu - 2.0Ni, 1220 to 1305 F (660 to 707 C) Solidus - Liquidus Range 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585 or ww

15、w.astm.org. ASTM D 1179 Fluoride Ion in Water ASTM D 1193 Reagent Water 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Flux Shall conform to AMS3410 or other flux acceptable to purchaser. 3.2 Filler Metal Shall conform to AMS4763, AMS4770, or AMS4771. AMS4773, AMS4774, or AMS4788 may be used when permitted by purcha

16、ser (See 3.4.3.3). 3.3 Preparation 3.3.1 Surface Condition The surfaces to be joined shall be clean prior to assembly. Surfaces shall not be polished. SAE AMS2665H Page 3 of 7 3.3.2 Nickel Plating Joint surfaces may be nickel plated in accordance with AMS2403 or AMS2424. Thickness of plating, when u

17、sed, shall be 0.0001 to 0.0006 inch (2.5 to 15 m). Plating to assist brazing shall be limited to the joint and adjacent fillet areas. 3.4 Procedure 3.4.1 Fluxing: Flux shall be applied so that surfaces to be joined are completely coated. 3.4.2 Assembly 3.4.2.1 Clearances Parts shall be assembled so

18、that the clearances between mating surfaces are within tolerances specified on the drawing. Where specific clearances are not given, joint clearances shall be 0.001 to 0.004 inch (25 to 100 m) or 0.002 to 0.005 inch (50 to 125 m) across a diameter. 3.4.2.2 Filler Metal Placement When preplaced, suff

19、icient filler metal shall be placed at only one end of the joint. When hand fed, filler metal shall be fed from only one end of the joint. Not more than 15% of the mating surfaces may be shimmed with filler metal to aid in setting clearances. 3.4.2.3 Fixturing The assembly shall be supported so that

20、 parts will be in proper alignment after brazing. Staking and prick punching may be used, where applicable, provided they are completely covered with filler metal in the completed assembly. 3.4.2.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, fusion-arc tack welding is not permitted on tube joints. 3.4.3 Heating f

21、or Joining May be accomplished by any convenient means, such as furnace, induction, resistance, molten salt bath, or torch, unless a specific method is required by purchaser, subject to the following restrictions: 3.4.3.1 Methods that heat entire assemblies, such as furnaces or molten salt baths, ma

22、y be used only when hardness of the detail parts will not be reduced below drawing limits. 3.4.3.2 Silver brazing by torch method shall be performed only by operators who have been qualified, by a procedure acceptable to purchaser, to braze the metals specified for each assembly. Processor shall hav

23、e qualification requirements and procedures for testing operations to show conformance to this requirement. 3.4.3.3 When AMS4763, AMS4770, or AMS4771 filler metal is used, the maximum temperature shall not exceed 1350 F (732 C). When AMS4773 or AMS4788 is used, the maximum temperature shall not exce

24、ed 1450 F (788 C). When AMS4774 filler metal is used, the maximum temperature shall not exceed 1550 F (843 C), unless otherwise permitted by purchaser. Parts shall be heated for sufficient time to form the joint with further heating kept to a minimum. 3.4.3.4 Furnace atmospheres, molten salts, and f

25、luxes shall be such that parts are protected from surface contamination, such as carburization, decarburization, dezincification, nitriding, or oxidation, or other changes in surface character. 3.4.3.5 A neutral flame shall be used for torch brazing. 3.4.4 Cooling After brazing, but prior to handlin

26、g, assemblies shall be cooled for sufficient time to allow the filler metal to solidify and in such a manner as to prevent cracks and minimize internal stress, distortion, and scaling. SAE AMS2665H Page 4 of 7 3.4.5 Flux Removal After brazing and cooling, flux shall be removed by any method not inju

27、rious to the base material and specified surface finish. 3.5 Properties Brazed parts shall conform to the following requirements: 3.5.1 Coverage 3.5.1.1 Examination of all visible joint edges shall show presence of brazing filler metal for 100% of each joint. 3.5.1.2 The area joined by filler metal

28、shall be not less than 80% of the area of the mating portions of the assembly. 3.5.2 Proof Pressure Test When specified on the drawing, any assembly from a lot shall pass that test. 3.6 Quality 3.6.1 Brazed joints shall be sound, clean, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimen

29、tal to performance of the brazed joints. 3.6.1.1 Surfaces shall be free from surface contamination such as carburization, decarburization, dezincification, nitriding, or oxidation, or other changes in surface character. 3.6.1.2 Surfaces of assemblies shall be free from pitting, and burning and from

30、excessive filler metal that may interfere with form, fit, or function. 3.6.1.3 Joints shall be free from cracks and from unflowed filler metal. 3.6.1.4 Surfaces of brazed parts shall be free of residual flux. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The processor of brazed a

31、ssemblies shall supply all samples for processors tests and shall be responsible for performance of all required tests. Parts, if required for testing, shall be supplied by purchaser. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the p

32、roduct conforms to the requirements of this specification. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests All technical requirements, except for presence of carburizing, decarburizing, nitriding and dezincification (3.6.1.1), are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each lot. 4.2.2 Preprod

33、uction Tests All technical requirements are preproduction tests and shall be performed prior to or on the initial shipment of brazed assemblies to a purchaser, when a change in material and/or processing requires approval by the cognizant engineering organization (See 4.4.2), and when purchaser deem

34、s confirmatory testing to be required. SAE AMS2665H Page 5 of 7 4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be not less than that shown in Table 1, with samples selected randomly from the lot, unless another sampling plan is specified by purchaser. A lot shall be all assemblies of the same part number, brazed in

35、 the same furnace or immersion load, or in the same shift for parts processed one at a time, and presented for processors inspection at one time. In preproduction tests, at least one joint shall be destructively examined for braze coverage and for evidence of carburization, decarburization, nitridin

36、g, dezincification, or oxidation or other changes in surface character. TABLE 1 - SAMPLING FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS Number of Parts Quality (See 4.3.1) Tests (See 4.3.2) Tests (See 4.3.3) 1 to 6 All 3 1 7 to 15 All 4 1 16 to 40 All 4 1 41 to 110 All 5 1 111 to 300 All 6 2 301 to 500 All 7 3 501 to 700 A

37、ll 8 5 701 to 1200 All 10 7 over 1200 All 15 10 4.3.1 Quality includes close visual inspection of all joints for completeness of fillet and absence of visual residual flux. 4.3.2 Tests include proof pressure (3.5.2) and braze internal coverage when determined nondestructively, and, when halide conta

38、ining fluxes are used, tests for residual halides (4.3.4). 4.3.3 The test for internal coverage may be destructive as in tear testing or metallographic crosssectioning, or may be nondestructive as in ultrasonic or radiographic inspection. The test method shall be any method acceptable to purchaser.

39、When determined metallographically or by tear test, test frequency shall be as shown. Where individual lots are smaller than 41 parts, the frequency shall be one part for each forty parts brazed, regardless of the lot sizes or frequencies. 4.3.4 Halide Tests Tests shall be conducted on brazed assemb

40、lies to ensure that residual halidecontaining fluxes have been removed. If the flux is known not to contain chlorides or fluorides, the test for chlorides or fluorides, as applicable, need not be performed. If tests indicate the presence of halides, all parts shall be subjected to additional cleanin

41、g and testing until removal is complete. Test methods are not specified. Commercial test kits are available for simple qualitative analysis for fluorides. However, in case of dispute the following test methods shall apply: 4.3.4.1 Chlorides Rinse the test area with 40 to 50 mL of hot (approximately

42、180 F (82 C) ASTM D 1193, Type IV, water. Collect the rinse water in a 100 mL beaker and add 3 to 5 drops of concentrated nitric acid (sp. gr. 1.42) and 2 to 3 mL of 10% silver nitrate solution. Stir the contents of the beaker and allow to stand 5 to 10 minutes. A resultant solution as clear as a bl

43、ank of ASTM D 1193, Type IV, water, treated in the same manner as the rinsings, indicates the absence of chlorides. A white-to-gray precipitate or turbidity indicates the presence of residual flux. 4.3.4.2 Fluorides Rinse the test area with approximately 200 mL of hot (approximately 180 F (82 C) AST

44、M D 1193, Type IV, water. Collect the rinse water in a 250 mL beaker. Use approximately 200 mL of ASTM 1193, Type IV, water as a comparison sample. Test both samples in accordance with ASTM D 1179. A higher concentration of fluoride in the rinse water than in the comparison sample indicates the pres

45、ence of fluoride-containing residual flux. SAE AMS2665H Page 6 of 7 4.4 Approval 4.4.1 The process and control procedures, a preproduction sample brazed part, or both, whichever is specified by purchaser, shall be approved by the cognizant engineering organization before production parts are supplie

46、d. 4.4.2 The processor shall make no significant change to materials, processes, or control factors from those on which approval was based, unless the change is approved by the cognizant engineering organization. A significant change is one which, in the judgment of the cognizant engineering organiz

47、ation, could affect the properties of the parts. 4.4.3 Control factors shall include, but are not limited to, the following: Brazing flux or atmosphere used Braze filler metal Placement of filler metal Type of heating equipment Brazing cycle Method of flux removal. 4.5 Reports The processor of braze

48、d parts shall furnish with each shipment a report stating that the parts have been brazed and tested in accordance with specified requirements and that they conform to the acceptance test requirements. This report shall include the purchase order number, lot number, AMS2665H, part number, quantity,

49、and braze filler metal used. Where proof pressure tests are required, the report shall state the method of test and the results of all tests. 4.6 Resampling and Retesting 4.6.1 If result of any nondestructive test fails to meet the specified requirements, all parts shall be inspected for that requirement. Parts that conform to requirements shall be accepted: parts that are nonconforming may be reworked as requi