[考研类试卷]考研英语（一）模拟试卷81及答案与解析.doc

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1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 81 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is (1)_ only among those with whom he

2、is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, even (2)_. You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to (3)_ the truth of this.Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a comer; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be c

3、onsidered quite (4)_.(5)_, there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, once broken, makes the offender immediately the object of (6)_.It has been known as a fact that a British has a (7)_ for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it

4、(8)_.Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom (9)_ forecast add hence becomes a source of interest and (10)_ to everyone.This may be so. (11)_ a British cannot have much (12)_ in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved w

5、rong (13)_ a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurateor as inaccurate as the weathermen in his (14)_.Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references (15)_ weather that the British (16)_ to each other in the course of a singl

6、e day. Very often conversational greetings are (17)_ by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isnt it?“ “Beautiful!“ may well be heard, instead of “Good morning, how are you?“ Although the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is (18)_ pointing out that it could be used to his advantag

7、e. If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is at a loss to know (19)_ to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (20)_ an answer from even the most reserved of the British.（A）relaxed（B） frustrated（C） amused（D）exhausted（A）reserved（B）

8、 urgent（C） embarrassed（D）anxious（A）experience（B） witness（C） watch（D）undergo（A）impolite（B） defensive（C） deliberate（D）offensive（A）Deliberately（B） Apparently（C） Frequently（D）Consequently（A）compassion（B） opposition（C） criticism（D）assault（A）emotion（B） fancy（C） likeliness（D）judgment（A）at length（B） to a gr

9、eat extent（C） from his heart（D）by all means（A）follows（B） obeys（C） defies（D）supports（A）dedication（B） suspicion（C） contemplation（D）speculation（A）Usually（B） Generally（C） Certainly（D）Fundamentally（A）faith（B） hope（C） honor（D）credit（A）since（B） once（C） when（D）while（A）propositions（B） predictions（C） proposal

10、（D）prophecy（A）about（B） on（C） in（D）to（A）take（B） forecast（C） make（D）predict（A）started（B） replaced（C） conducted（D）proposed（A）reasonable（B） useful（C） worthwhile（D）meaningful（A）where（B） how（C） what（D）which（A）stimulate（B） constitute（C） furnish（D）provokeGrammar21 Im sure he is up to the job_he would give h

11、is mind to it.（A）if only（B） in case（C） until（D）unless22 The reason_Im writing is to tell you about a party on Saturday.（A）because（B） why（C） for（D）as23 Things, _is often the case, will turn out to be contrary to ones wishes.（A）as（B） which（C） that（D）it24 _the world began, nations have had difficulty i

12、n keeping peace with their neighbours.（A）Although（B） When（C） Until（D）Even since25 He had no alternative but _ to fight in the Middle East.（A）to go（B） go（C） going（D）went26 _with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.（A）When compared（B） Compare（C） While comparing（

13、D）Comparing27 If I had remembered_the window, the thief would not have got in.（A）to close（B） closing（C） to have closed（D）having closed28 He wore dark glasses to avoid_.（A）recognizing（B） recognized（C） being recognized（D）to be recognized29 Two-thirds of his property_lost in the fire.（A）was（B） were（C）

14、have been（D）are being30 Im a bit under the weather; I dont_to the movie tonight.（A）feel going（B） feel to go（C） feel like going（D）feel like to goPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)31 When and how much? Those are t

15、he questions on the lips of investors, bondholders, and other Federal Reserve watchers. The Fed kept interest rates on hold at its Mar. 19 meeting. But the accompanying statement, in which the Fed abandoned its view that economic weakness was the greatest risk in the outlook, makes it clear that pol

16、icymakers are thinking about the timing of rate hikes in order to bring monetary policy back to a neutral stance.Even so, there are other factors that argue for some rise in short-term ratesperhaps as early as June, as Wall Street expects. While the Feds words lessen the chances of a rate hike at th

17、e May meeting, they do not set the criteria for a possible hike at the June 25-26 meeting.The latest data seem to come down on the “evenly mixed“ scenario. Businesses are backing off from last years feverish pace of stock-cutting, but domestic demand is holding up. Factories are busier in response t

18、o rising orders. In particular, the makers of tech equipment are boosting output at a rapid clip. At the same time, the wider trade gap in January suggests that some of the inventory swing is benefiting foreign producers. Keep in mind that a bigger trade gap subtracts from economic growth, but a ris

19、e in U.S. imports is necessary to give rise to a global rebound. That will eventually boost exports as well and help to better align monetary policy around the world.The Feds decision to shift to a neutral stance was probably made easier by the latest good news on industrial production. Output at fa

20、ctories, utilities, and mines increased 0.4% in February on top of a 0.2% January gain, which was first reported as a 0.1% loss. Manufacturing output rose 0.3% in each month, the best showing since mid-2000.Surprisingly, the long-ailing tech sector is leading the charge. Tech production is growing a

21、t a double-digit annual rate in the first quarter, vs. almost no gain in the rest of manufacturing. But even that small rise in nontech manufacturing is a vast improvement from the steep declines of the previous six quarters. Just as tech is fueling the rebound in U.S. factory activity, tech imports

22、 are leading the import rise. Incoming shipments of tech goods jumped 14.6% in January, suggesting stronger capital spending.As demand picks up, the Fed will want to remove itself from the equation of economic pluses and minuses. Step One was the shift in its view of the outlook. Step Two will be a

23、series of rate hikes that will bring policy more in line with sustainable economic growth.31 According to the author, the American economy（A）is nowhere near a sustainable growth.（B） is at its weakest point.（C） is near to complete recovery at hand.（D）is much better than it seems.32 The strong tone of

24、 US economic recovery is manifested in（A）the downsizing in manufacturing industries.（B） the sharp increase in tech-sector production.（C） the incoming shipments of info-tech goods.（D）the increasingly wide trade gap in January.33 As pointed out in Paragraph 3, the “evenly mixed“ scenario（A）may fail to

25、 reflect the true state of U.S. economy.（B） is necessary to give rise to a global rebound.（C） may make it clear that the Fed changed its outlook.（D）falls short of the expectations of businesspeople.34 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?（A）The US economy is gradually recovering fr

26、om the steep declines.（B） The Fed should take in account the shift in its outlook on economy.（C） It is not the proper timing for the Fed to consider rate interests.（D）It is necessary that the Fed make adjustments to its monetary policy.35 The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to urge

27、the Fed（A）to incline to a tighter policy.（B） to put investment in tech-sector.（C） to consider possible rate hikes.（D）to abandon a neutral stance.36 Whether the eyes are “the window of the soul“ is debatable; that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact during the first

28、two months of a babys life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real: a mask with two dots will produce a smile, significantly, a real human face with eyes covered will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profi

29、le. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them drew people with mouths, but 99 percent of them drew people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on th

30、eir mothers back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the “proper place to focus ones gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the ne

31、ck of ones conversation partner.“The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined: speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they reestablish eye contact with the listener or r

32、eassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speak

33、er reestablishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two s

34、peakers are wearing dark glasses; there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses.36 The author is convinced that the eyes are_（A）of extreme importance in expressing feelings and exchanging ideas（B） something through which one can see a pers

35、ons inner world（C） of considerable significance in making conversations interesting（D）something the value of which is largely a matter of long debate37 Babies will not be stimulated to smile by a person_（A）whose front view is fully perceived（B） whose face is covered with a mask（C） whose face is seen

36、 from the side（D）whose face is free of any covering38 According to the passage, the Japanese fix their gaze on their conversation partners neck because_（A）they dont like to keep their eyes on the face of the speaker（B） they need not communicate through eye contact（C） they dont think it polite to hav

37、e eye contact（D）they didnt have much opportunity to communicate through eye contact in babyhood39 According to the passage, a conversation between two Americans may break down due to _（A）temporary glancing away from the listener（B） eye contact of more than one second（C） improperly-imed ceasing of ey

38、e contact（D）constant adjustment of eye contact40 To keep a conversation flowing smoothly, it is better for the participants_（A）not to wear dark spectacles（B） not to make any interruptions（C） not to glance away from each other（D）not to make unpredictable pauses41 A wise man once said that the only th

39、ing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud American way of life. It has hap

40、pened in the area of values. A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.Accountability isnt hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences.Of the many values that hold civilization togetherhonest

41、y, kindness, and so on-accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no lawand ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policem

42、an knows, external controls on peoples behavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately, there are still communitiessmaller towns, usuallywhere schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim, In this family cer

43、tain things are not toleratedthey simply are not done!“Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosening. Your typical robber has none, he considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you enrage hint.The main

44、cause of this break-down is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, its the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didnt teach him to read, by the c

45、hurch that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didnt provide a stable home.I dont believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endl

46、ess excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.41 The wise mans remarks suggest that_（A）its unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evil（B） its certain

47、 that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about it（C） its only natural for virtue to defeat evil（D）its desirable for good men to keep away from evil42 According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime_（A）society is to be held responsible（B） modem civilization is responsible for it

48、（C） the criminal himself should bear the blame（D）the standards of living should be improved43 Compared with those in small.towns, people in large cities have_（A）less self-discipline（B） better sense of discipline（C） more mutual respect（D）less effective government44 The writer is sorry to have noticed

49、 that_（A）people in large cities tend to excuse criminals（B） people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standards（C） todays society lacks sympathy for people in difficulty（D）people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities45 The main idea of the passage is that_（A）stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and families（B）