EN 1365-6-2004 en Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements - Part 6 Stairs《承重构件的防火试验 第6部分 楼梯》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1365-6:2004 Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements Part 6: Stairs The European Standard EN 1365-6:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.220.50 BS EN 1365-6:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Comm

2、ittee on 18 November 2004 BSI 18 November 2004 ISBN 0 580 44792 8 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1365-6:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee FSH/22, Fire resistance tests, to Subcommittee FSH/22/7,

3、Test procedures for partitions and walls, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document

4、may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. User

5、s are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change,

6、 and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice

7、 displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN13656 November2004 ICS13.220.50 Englishversion FireresistancetestsforloadbearingelementsPart6:Stairs Essaisdersistanceau

8、feudeslmentsporteursPartie 5:Escaliers FeuerwiderstandsprfungenfrtragendeBauteileTeil5: Treppen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon9July2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithou

9、tanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaC

10、ENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherland

11、s,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwidefor

12、CENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN13656:2004:EEN 1365-6:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope5 2 Normative references5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Test equipment6 5 Test conditions6 6 Test specimen6 6.1 General6 6.2 Size6 6.3 Number.6 6.4 Design.7 6.5 Exposure.7 6.6 Construction.7 6

13、.7 Verification.7 7 Installation of test specimen 7 7.1 General7 7.2 Loading and restraint 7 8 Conditioning.8 9 Application of instrumentation.8 9.1 Furnace thermocouples (plate thermometers) .8 9.2 Pressure8 9.3 Deflection8 10 Test procedure.8 11 Performance criteria8 12 Test report9 13 Field of di

14、rect application of test results 9 Annex A (informative) Examples of different stairs10 Annex B (informative) Use of results from tests on components in classification of stairs17 B.1 Introduction17 B.2 Use of test results17 EN 1365-6:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1365-6:2004) has been prepa

15、red by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standa

16、rds shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. This standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the Construction Products Directive. EN 1365 Fire resistance tests for loadbearing

17、 elements consists of the following parts: Part 1: Walls, Part 2: Floors and roofs, Part 3: Beams, Part 4: Columns, Part 5: Balconies and walkways, Part 6: Stairs. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implemen

18、t this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN

19、 1365-6:2004 (E) 4 Introduction The purpose of this test is to measure the ability of a representative specimen of a stair or a part of it to maintain its loadbearing capacity when exposed to fire according to EN 1363-1. Caution The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out t

20、his fire resistance test EN 1365-6 is drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases can be evolved during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards can also arise during the construction of the test elements or struc

21、tures, their testing and disposal of test residues. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions should be identified and provided. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to relevant personnel. Laboratory

22、 personnel should ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times. EN 1365-6:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This Part of EN 1365 specifies a method for determining the fire resistance of stairs, with or without applied fire protection systems in respect of loadbearing capacity and with no separ

23、ating function. This document is used in conjunction with EN 1363-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced do

24、cument (including any amendments) applies. EN 1363-1:1999, Fire resistance tests Part 1: General requirements EN 1365-2, Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements Part 2: Floors and roofs EN 1365-3, Fire resistance tests for loadbearing elements Part 3: Beams EN 1365-4, Fire resistance tests fo

25、r loadbearing elements Part 4: Columns EN ISO 13943:2000, Fire safety Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1363-1:1999 and EN ISO 13943:2000, and the following apply. 3.1 stair succession of horizontal stages (st

26、eps or landings) rising at a pitch which makes it possible to pass on foot to other levels NOTE Figures of different stairs are given in Annex A. 3.2 landing level platform at the end of or between two flights of stairs. It can be part of the stair or the floor 3.3 intermediate landing landing inser

27、ted between two floors 3.4 string inclined member supporting the end of steps 3.5 step part of a stair consisting of a tread and possibly a riser 3.6 riser part closing the front face of the step EN 1365-6:2004 (E) 6 3.7 tread horizontal component or the upper surface of a step 3.8 balustrade railin

28、g supported by posts or pillars forming a parapet to a stair and designed to prevent the user falling over the side 3.9 flight unbroken series of steps between two landings 4 Test equipment The test equipment shall be as specified in EN 1363-1. 5 Test conditions The heating conditions, the furnace a

29、tmosphere and loading conditions shall conform to those specified in EN 1363-1. The pressure condition shall be established 100 mm below the underside of the furnace cover slab. 6 Test specimen 6.1 General The test specimen is the complete stair or part of the stair chosen to represent the most oner

30、ous conditions of failure. If the fire resistance of a component will not be negatively influenced by the complete system, then the complete stair can be represented by a part of the complete system and tests may be carried out on that part according to EN 1365-2, EN 1365-3 and/or EN 1365-4. 6.2 Siz

31、e The test specimen shall be full size unless the actual size is larger than can be accommodated in the furnace. When the actual size cannot be accommodated in the furnace, the height of the test specimen shall be at least 3 m and the dimensions (length and width) of the horizontal projection at lea

32、st 4 m 3 m. A part of a stair shall be tested in such a way that the result is representative for the entire construction. A string shall be tested as a beam with a declination as in practice with the size specified in EN 1365-3. A step shall be tested with maximum span as a single supported beam wi

33、th the size specified in EN 1365-3. A landing shall be tested as a floor with the size specified in EN 1365-2. A column shall be tested with the size specified in EN 1365-4. 6.3 Number One test specimen shall be tested for a given set of support, restraint, loading and exposure conditions. EN 1365-6

34、:2004 (E) 7 6.4 Design When testing stairs, part of stairs or components, fixings, joints, connections, etc. (e.g. step to string, step to tensile member) shall be incorporated as in use. If the balustrade is part of the loadbearing system it shall be included in the test specimen (see Figure A.3).

35、6.5 Exposure The test specimen shall be exposed to fire according to its installation position in the building and the heating conditions shall be as specified in Clause 5. When testing components of a stair, a string, a step and a column, these shall normally be tested exposed to fire on four sides

36、 and a landing exposed from both sides. When testing a full stair specimen which has no separating function, the specimen shall be tested exposed to fire from all sides. 6.6 Construction The test specimen shall be constructed as described in EN 1363-1. 6.7 Verification Verification of the test speci

37、men shall be carried out as described in EN 1363-1. 7 Installation of test specimen 7.1 General The test specimen (a stair, a part of a stair or a component) shall be installed, as far as practicable, in a manner representative of its use in practice. Where in the test configuration the free edges a

38、re exposed, where they would not be exposed in practice, these edges shall be sealed with mineral wool and/or other materials according to the sponsor. The ends of the test specimen extending beyond the furnace chamber, for support purposes, shall be insulated either by any applied fire protection m

39、aterial or by wrapping with a single thickness of (100 10) mm thick mineral wool with a density of (120 30) kg/m 3 . For specimens including a landing, the minimum distance from the top of the landing to the furnace cover slab shall be 500 mm or in case of components at least equal to the width of t

40、he string or the step. Examples of test arrangements are given in Annex A. 7.2 Loading and restraint Test specimens representing a stair or parts of stair shall be tested either to simulate end use boundary conditions or, where these conditions cannot be specified, the specimen shall be tested simpl

41、y supported. The magnitude and the distribution of the load shall be such that the maximum stresses produced are representative of or higher than those expected in practice. All stairs shall be tested to loads determined in accordance with EN 1363-1. When testing total systems, load shall be applied

42、 by single load points in the middle of the steps and/or landings. NOTE If it is assumed that the stair or the component of stair is exposed to fire on four sides, it should be noted that the magnitude of load to be applied is only that representing the dead load, because it can be assumed that ther

43、e will be no live load during the fire exposure. EN 1365-6:2004 (E) 8 8 Conditioning The test specimen shall be conditioned as described in EN 1363-1. 9 Application of instrumentation 9.1 Furnace thermocouples (plate thermometers) Plate thermometers shall be provided in accordance with EN 1363-1. Wh

44、en testing a stair or part of a stair there shall be at least two plate thermometers for each square metre of the area of the flight and the landing. They shall be evenly distributed in the area of the stair. There shall be at least two plate thermometers for each metre length, or part of exposed le

45、ngth of the specimen. They shall be evenly distributed along the length of the test specimen. A minimum of six plate thermometers shall be used. At each location given above, the plate thermometers shall be positioned (100 50) mm below the plane of the underside of the test specimen and (100 50) mm

46、from the edges on each side of the test specimen. For test specimens exposed to fire from below only, the plate thermometers shall be positioned underneath the specimen (100 50) mm below the plane of the underside of the test specimen and at a distance of 450 mm from the edges of the specimen. For s

47、trings which are deeper than 500 mm the plate thermometers shall be positioned as above, but at mid height of the string instead of below the underside. The plate thermometers shall be orientated so that for half their number side A faces the floor of the furnace and for the other half side A faces

48、the side walls of the furnace. The distribution of the different orientations shall be such that there shall be equal numbers facing the floor and the wall on each side of the test specimen. 9.2 Pressure Pressure within the furnace shall be measured as described in EN 1363-1. 9.3 Deflection For simply supported constructions the vertical deflection of the specimen shall be measured at mid span. For constructions for which an asymmetrical deflection might be expected, deflection measurements shall be taken at more than one position in order to determine the