BS 6807-1986 Methods of test for the ignitability of mattresses with primary and secondary sources of ignition《用一次和二次点火源的床垫可燃性的试验方法》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS6807:1986Methods of test forThe ignitability of mattresses with primary and secondary sources of ignitionUDC684.721/.722:614.84:620.1:536.468BS6807:1986This BritishStandard, having been prepared under the directionof the Furniture and Household Equipment StandardsCommittee, was pu

2、blished under the authority ofthe Board of BSI and comesintoeffect on 31December1986 BSI03-2000The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference FHM/44Draft for comment85/35544DCISBN 0 580 15542 0Committees responsible for this BritishStandardThe preparation of thi

3、s BritishStandard was entrusted by the Furniture and Household Equipment Standards Committee (FHM/-) to Technical Committee FHM/44, upon which the following bodies were represented:British Furniture Manufacturers FederationBritish Plastics FederationBritish Rubber Manufacturers AssociationBusiness E

4、quipment Trade AssociationChemical Industries AssociationChief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers AssociationConsumers AssociationConsumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSIDepartment of the Environment (Building Research Establishment)(Fire Research Station)Department of the Environment (the Crown

5、Suppliers)Department of Health and Social SecurityDepartment of Trade and Industry (Consumer safety unit, C A Division)Furniture Industry Research AssociationHome OfficeMan-made Fibres Producers CommitteeNational Bedding FederationRapra Technology LtdTextile Research CouncilCoopted memberAmendments

6、issued since publicationAmd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS6807:1986 BSI 03-2000 iContentsPageCommittees responsible Inside front coverForeword iiSection 1. General1 Scope 12 Definitions 13 Criteria of ignition 14 General principle 25 Health and safety of operators 26 Apparatus 27 Atmosphere for condi

7、tioning and testing 3Section 2. Mattress tested with primary ignition sources8 Principle 59 Test specimens 510 Ignition sources 511 Test procedure 5Section 3. Mattress tested with secondary ignition sources ofknown bedcovers12 Principle 913 Test specimens 914 Ignition sources 915 Test procedure 9Sec

8、tion 4. Mattress tested with secondary ignition sourcessimulating unknown bedcovers16 Principle 1317 Test specimens 1318 Ignition sources 1319 Test procedure 13Section 5. Final examination of test specimens and test report20 Final examination 1621 Test report 16Appendix A Preferred test report layou

9、t 18Figure 1 Test rig 4Figure 2 Position of ignition sources for mattresses tested alone 6Figure 3 Position of ignition sources for mattresses testedwith secondary ignition sources of known bedcovers 11Figure 4 Flow diagram for detection of ignition 17Table 1 Sequence of tests with primary ignition

10、sources:mattress tested alone 5Table 2 Position of ignition source: mattress tested withprimary ignition sources 5Table 3 Sequence of tests with secondary sources: mattresstested with known bedcovers 9Table 4 Position of ignition source: mattress tested withknown bedcovers 9Table 5 Sequence of tests

11、 with secondary sources: mattresstested with unknown bedcovers 13Publications referred to Inside back coverBS6807:1986ii BSI 03-2000ForewordThis BritishStandard has been prepared under the direction of the Furniture and Household Equipment Standards Committee and is based on procedures developed by

12、the National Bedding Federation and the Crown Suppliers.When different materials and products are placed together the ignitability of the composite arrangement is very dependent on the interactions between the components. For some end uses the bed assembly is already known, e.g.barracks, married qua

13、rters, hospitals, hotels, where the specifier is responsible for all the items which make up the bed assembly. In these cases the mattress can be tested together with the respective bedcovers using smouldering or flaming ignition sources of differing severities.On the other hand the domestic consume

14、r has a wide range of bedding products to choose from and the mattress manufacturer will have no detailed knowledge of the bedcovers which may be used with the mattress. For a test to be usefully related to safety it should be capable of imitating these variables; this is achieved by using smouldera

15、ble or non-smoulderable insulation pads.It cannot be assumed that protection against large flaming sources will automatically give protection against smouldering ignition. Users of the standard should therefore recognize the need to submit test specimens to both cigarette tests and flaming ignition

16、tests.WARNING. These tests only relate to the ignitability of the materials described in the test report see21 b) andc) and are not intended to reproduce the full fire hazards that may be encountered.A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of

17、British Standards are responsible for their correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to18, an inside back cover and a back cover.

18、This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS6807:1986 BSI 03-2000 1Section 1. General1 ScopeThis BritishStandard describes methods of test for the ignitability of mattresses wh

19、en subjected to smouldering and flaming types of primary and secondary ignition sources of differing severities. It does not include the ignitability of the bed base.The following test options are described:a) mattress alone tested with primary ignition sources (section2);b) mattress tested with sec

20、ondary ignition sources composed of known bedcovers (section3);c) mattress tested with secondary ignition sources simulating unknown bedcovers (section4).NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover.2 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this BritishS

21、tandard, the following definitions apply.2.1 ignition sourcesource of energy which is used to ignite combustible materials or products2.2 primary sourcein a test, the initial heat supply2.3 secondary sourcein a test, the combination of primary source and the actual or simulated effect of bedcovers2.

22、4 progressive smoulderingan exothermic oxidation, not accompanied by flaming, that is self-propagating, i.e.independent of the ignition source. It may or may not be accompanied by incandescence2.5 flamingundergoing combustion in the gaseous phase with the emission of light2.6 flammabilitythe ability

23、 of a material or product to burn with a flame under specified test conditions2.7 ignitabilitya measure of the ease with which a material, product or component can be ignited so as to flame or progressively smoulder2.8 beda mattress placed on top of a bed base with no other bedding items present2.9

24、bed coversa general term for all items placed on the bed by a user to provide comfort and warmth. It includes sheets, blankets, bedspreads, continental quilts and quilt covers and mattress covers2.10 made-up beda bed prepared for use by covering with bed covers, tucking these between the mattress an

25、d bed base, positioning pillows with pillowslips and turning down of sheets and blankets at the head end of the bedNOTEIndividual styles vary in detail depending on the user.2.11 bed assemblya stack of successive layers of mattress and various bed covers, with or without pillow and pillow-slip, repr

26、esenting a section through the centre of amade-up bed2.12 bed basea structure which supports the mattress3 Criteria of ignition3.1 Progressive smouldering ignitionFor the purposes of this standard all the types of behaviour given ina) tof) are considered to be progressive smouldering ignition (but s

27、eealso clause20).a) Any test specimen that produces externally detectable amounts of smoke, heat or glowing after a period of1h following the application of the ignition source.b) Any test specimen that displays escalating combustion behaviour so that it is unsafe to continue the test and requires f

28、orcible extinction.c) Any test specimen that smoulders until it is essentially consumed within the test duration.d) Any test specimen that smoulders to the extremities of the specimen, viz to either side or to the full thickness of the specimen, within the duration of the test (excluding edge testin

29、g).BS6807:19862 BSI 03-2000e) For top ignition only, using sources O, O/NS (see18.3), O/S (see18.4) and1,2 and3, any test specimen that, on final examination, shows evidence of smouldering other than discolouration more than25mm in any horizontal direction from the nearest part of the original posit

30、ion of the source.f) For top ignition only, using sources4 to7 inclusive, any test specimen that on final examination, shows evidence of smouldering other than discolouration more than100mm in any horizontal direction from the nearest part of the original position of the source.NOTEIn practice it ha

31、s been found that there is usually a clear distinction between materials which char under the influence of the ignition source but which do not propagate further(non-progressive) and those where smouldering develops in extent and spreads (progressive).3.2 Flaming ignitionFor the purposes of this sta

32、ndard all the types of behaviour given ina) toe) are considered to be flaming ignition.a) The occurrence of any flames initiated by a smouldering source.b) Any test specimen that continues to flame for more than120s from removal of the igniting flame for sources1,2 and3,10min after ignition of the c

33、rib for sources4 and5 or13min after ignition of the crib for sources6 and7.c) Any test specimen that displays escalating combustion behaviour so that it is unsafe to continue the test and requires forcible extinction.d) Any test specimen that burns until it is essentially consumed within the appropr

34、iate test duration see3.2 b).e) Any test specimen that burns to the extremities of the specimen, viz. to either side or to the full thickness of the specimen, within the duration of the test (excluding edge testing).3.3 Flow diagramA flow diagram illustrating a systematic method for the detection of

35、 ignition throughout a test sequence is given in Figure 4.4 General principleA test specimen is subjected to smouldering and flaming ignition sources placed on top of and/or below the test specimen. The range of intensity of the primary sources has been selected to imitate that of actual sources whi

36、ch might be encountered in various end use environments, while the range of intensity of the secondary sources reproduces the effects of varying amounts and types of bedcovers. Normally the ignitability of a mattress is measured by working up through the sources in the sequences indicated in Table 1

37、, Table 3 and Table 5.Alternatively, for specific end use requirements, the tests can be used to assess the ignitability at any level but always including the cigarette ignition test.5 Health and safety of operatorsNOTEThere is considerable risk with these tests and it is essential that suitable pre

38、cautions be taken, which may include the provision of breathing apparatus and protective clothing.5.1 EnclosureFor safety, the tests shall be conducted in a suitable fume cupboard or purpose built room so that individuals are not exposed to any fumes (see6.4).5.2 ExtinguishersReadily accessible mean

39、s of extinguishing the test specimens shall be provided.NOTE 1For preference, water should be provided for smouldering fires and a fire extinguisher for flaming fires. Carbon dioxide extinguishers are not suitable for extinguishing test specimens.NOTE 2Extinction of test specimens may be difficult a

40、nd care should be taken that they are only disposed of when completely inert. It may be necessary to immerse smouldering specimens in water, or place them in a sealed non-combustible enclosure. To ensure complete safety other suitable steps may have to be taken.6 Apparatus6.1 Test rig, consisting of

41、 a platform of expanded steel or open mesh supported at least75mm above a solid base.NOTEWhen testing a full size mattress it may be necessary to use an actual bed base for ignition from below.The use of extendable legs is recommended where testing with ignition sources below the mattress is specifi

42、ed, in which case the platform shall be380 50mm above the solid baseseeFigure 1(a). The test rig shall be no smaller than150mm less than the corresponding dimensions of the test specimen but may be any suitable amount larger than the test specimen.BS6807:1986 BSI 03-2000 3The size of the mesh is not

43、 critical for top ignition but a rectangular mesh with openings100 10mm 50 5mm as shown in Figure 1(b) shall be used for ignition from below. Similarly, the angle iron dimensions in Figure 1 are not critical for top ignition but shall be followed for ignition from below.For the tests, the rig is sit

44、ed within the enclosure (see6.4) and the testing is performed in a substantially draught-free environment permitting an adequate supply of air.6.2 Stop clock, reading to the nearest second.6.3 Ignition sources, as described in sections2,3 and4.6.4 Test enclosure, being either a room with a volume gr

45、eater than20m3 (which contains adequate oxygen for testing), or a smaller enclosure with a through flow of air. Inlet and extraction systems providing air flow rates of0.02m/s to0.2m/s in the locality of the rig provide adequate oxygen without disturbing the burning behaviour.7 Atmosphere for condit

46、ioning and testing7.1 ConditioningThe materials to be tested and the primary and secondary ignition sources shall be conditioned immediately before the test for72h in indoor ambient conditions and then for at least16h in an atmosphere having a temperature of20 5 C and a relative humidity of50 20%.7.

47、2 TestingFor testing, a substantially draught-free environment having a temperature of23 7 C and a relative humidity of45 25% shall be used. BS6807:19864 BSI 03-2000Figure 1 Test rigBS6807:1986 BSI 03-2000 5Section 2. Mattress tested with primary ignition sources8 PrincipleWhen mattresses are used o

48、r stored on their own it is necessary and desirable to know the ignitability of the mattress in its own right (seenote), therefore, in this section of this standard, a mattress or smaller specimen is tested without bed covers or pillows present. The sources used (seeTable 1) are therefore the primar

49、y range of smouldering and/or flaming ignition sources as described in BS5852-1 and BS5852-2. The source is positioned either above or below the test specimen, but the minimum source required for ignition may be different in the two arrangements.NOTEThe situations in which a mattress may be used alone can incur the risk of exposure to more severe ignition sources than are usually encountered in domestic fires.Table 1 Sequence of tests with primary ignition sources: mattress tested alone9 Test specimens9.1 The test specimens shall be represe