ASTM F2613-2013 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Childrens Chairs and Stools《儿童椅和儿童凳的标准消费者安全规范》.pdf

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1、Designation:F261311F261313 Standard Consumer Safety Specication for Childrens Folding ChairsChairs and Stools 1 This standard is issued under the xed designation F2613; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l

2、ast revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. INTRODUCTION This consumer safety specication addresses incidents associated with Childrens folding chairs childrens chairs and stoo

3、ls that were identied by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).IncidentsidentiedbytheCPSCandaddressedinthisstandardinvolvelacerations,fractures, pinchesandamputationsofchildrensngersinfoldingmechanisms.Thisspecicationalsoaddresses structural integrity and labeling for the product. This

4、specication is not intended to cover childrens folding chairs and stools that are either blatantly misused or abused. This specication is written within current state-of-the-art childrens folding chairs and stools and is intended to be updated if substantive information becomes available that necess

5、itates additional requirements or justies revision of existing requirements. 1. Scope 1.1 Thisconsumersafetyspecicationestablishestestingrequirementsforstructuralintegrityandperformancerequirementsfor childrensfoldingchairs.chairsandstools.Italsoprovidesrequirementsforlabeling.Thestandarddoesnotappl

6、ytoproductsused in a commercial setting. The term unit or product will refer to a childs folding chair.chair or stool. 1.2 This specication covers a folding chair or stool intended to be used by a child with a seat height 15 in. or less. 1.3 No product produced after the approval date of this consum

7、er safety specication shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specication unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein, before and after all testing. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in paren

8、theses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish approp

9、riate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 D3359Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test F404Consumer Safety Specication for High Chairs F406Consumer Safety Specication for Non-Full-S

10、ize Baby Cribs/Play Yards F963Consumer Safety Specication for Toy Safety F1561Performance Requirements for Plastic Chairs for Outdoor Use 2.2 Federal Regulations: 3 16 CFR 1303Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint 16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi)Denition

11、of Flammable Solid 1 This consumer safety specication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.59 on Childrens Folding Chairs. Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2011May 1, 2013. Published December 2011June 2013. Origina

12、lly approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as F261310.F261311. DOI: 10.1520/F2613-11.10.1520/F2613-13. 2 ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatserviceastm.org.For Annual Book ofASTM Standards volume information, refer to the s

13、tandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 3 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/ www.access.gpo.gov. This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of

14、anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version of the standard as pub

15、lished by ASTM is to be considered the official document. Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States 116 CFR 1500.48Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point In Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use By Children Unde

16、r Eight Years of Age 16 CFR 1500.49Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or OtherArticles Intended for Use By Children Under Eight Years of Age 16 CFR 1501Method for Identifying Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use By Children Under Three Years ofAge Which Pre

17、sent Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts 3. Terminology 3.1 Denitions of Terms Specic to This Standard: 3.1.1 childrens chair, nseating furniture that is intended to be used as a support for the body, limbs, or feet of a child when sitting or resting in an upright or rec

18、lining position. 3.1.2 childrens stool, nchildrens chair without back or armrests. 3.1.3 conspicuous, adjdescribes a label that is visible, when the unit is in a manufacturers recommended use position, to a person standing near the unit at any one position around the unit but not necessarily visible

19、 from all positions. 3.1.4 folding chair , chair, folding stool, nseating furniture that is intended to be used as a support for the body, limbs, or feet when sitting or resting in an upright or reclining position and chair or stool which can be folded for transport or storage. 3.1.5 manufacturers r

20、ecommended use position, nany position that is presented by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature as a normal, allowable, or acceptable conguration for use of the product. This specically excludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to b

21、e unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended. 3.1.6 non-paperlabel,nlabelmaterial(suchasplasticormetal)thateitherwillnottearwithouttheaidoftoolsortearsleaving a sharply dened edge or labels made from fabric. 3.1.7 occupant, nthat individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturer

22、s recommended use positions. 3.1.8 paper label, nany label material that tears without the aid of tools and leaves a brous edge. 4. Calibration and Standardization 4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete oor that may be covered with 1 8-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl ooring cover, unless test instr

23、ucts differently. 4.2 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing. 4.4 The product to be tested shall be preconditioned in a room with ambient temperature of 736 9F (

24、236 5C) for at least 1 h prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature range. 4.5 All testing required by this specication shall be conducted on the same unit. 5. General Requirements 5.1 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free of splinters. 5.2

25、Thereshallbenohazardoussharppointsoredgesasdenedby16CFR1500.48and16CFR1500.49beforeoraftertesting to this specication. 5.3 There shall be no small parts, as dened by 16 CFR 1501, before testing or liberated as a result of testing in accordance with this specication. 5.4 The paint and surface coating

26、 on the product shall comply with 16 CFR 1303. 5.5 There shall be no ammable solids as dened in 16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) before or after testing in accordance with this specication. 5.6 Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with a product, as well as their means of attachment, must

27、meet applicable requirements of Consumer Safety Specication F963. 5.7 Scissoring, Shearing, or PinchingA product, when folded, when being unfolded, or when in the manufacturers recommended use position, shall be designed and constructed to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing

28、, or pinching when members or components rotate about a common axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relativetooneanother.Scissoring,shearing,orpinchingthatmaycauseinjuryshallnotbepermissiblewhentheedgesoftherigid parts admit a probe that is greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm)

29、and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts. 5.7.1 Products with locking mechanisms that meet the requirements of 5.8.3, to prevent folding and unfolding by a child, shall only be evaluated in the manufacturers recommended use posit

30、ion. F261313 25.8 Folding Mechanisms and HingesThese requirements are intended to eliminate possible crushing, laceration, or pinching hazards that might occur in folding mechanisms and hinges. Examples are the sudden collapse or unexpected motion of a folding mechanismorhingethatproducesascissoract

31、ion;andthechangingclearancesatthehingelinebetweentwohingedportions,such that the gap will admit ngers at one position of the hinge but not at all positions. 5.8.1 Folding MechanismsProducts shall have a locking device or other means to prevent unexpected or sudden movement or collapse of the product

32、, or have adequate clearance to provide protection for the ngers, hands, and toes from crushing or laceration in the event of sudden movement or collapse of the product. 5.8.2 Locking devices and other means to prevent unexpected or sudden movement or collapse of the product shall engage automatical

33、ly when the product is placed in any manufacturers recommended use position. Latches may be manually activated to allow placement into the use position but must engage automatically when released. During and upon completion of the testing in 6.1, the unit shall remain in its recommended use position

34、. 5.8.3 If a unit is designed with a locking device: 5.8.3.1 Each single action device shall require a minimum force of 10 lbf (45 N) to activate the release mechanism when tested in accordance with 6.2. 5.8.3.2 Each double action locking device shall require either two consecutive actions, the rst

35、of which must be maintained while the second is carried out, or two separate and independent single action locking mechanisms that must be activated simultaneously to fully release.There are no force requirements for locking devices that are double action or are single action that are activated simu

36、ltaneously. 5.8.4 Hinge Line ClearanceProducts having a gap or clearance along the hinge line between a stationary portion and a movable portion shall be so constructed that, if the accessible gap at the hinge line will admit a 3 16-in. (5-mm) diameter rod, it will also admit a 1 2-in. (13-mm) diame

37、ter rod at all positions of the hinge. 5.8.5 Noproductshallgivetheappearanceofbeinginanymanufacturersrecommendedusepositionunlessthelockingdevice is fully engaged. 5.9 Circular Holes in Rigid MaterialsThis requirement is intended to prevent nger entrapment (which may cut off blood circulation) in ac

38、cessible holes in sheet metal and other rigid materials (non-circular holes are believed to present no signicant hazard of cutting off blood circulation in entrapped ngers). If an accessible, circular hole in any rigid material less than 0.062 in. (1.58 mm) in thickness can admit a 1 4-in. (6-mm) di

39、ameter rod to a depth of 3 8 in. (10 mm) or greater, it shall also admit a 1 2-in. (13-mm) diameter rod. The product shall be evaluated in all manufacturers recommended use positions. 5.9.1 RationaleBased on requirements for toys from Consumer Safety Specication F963, since the age range of children

40、 using folding chairs and stools is similar to that for children using toys. 5.10 Labeling: 5.10.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non-paper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 6.3. 5.10.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat trans

41、fer, printing, wood burning, and so forth shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 6.4. 5.10.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 6.5. 5.11 Protective ComponentsIf the child can grasp components between the thumb and forenger or teeth (such as cap

42、s, sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of ngers or toes), or if there is at least a 0.040-in. (1.00-mm) gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when tested in accordance with 6.6. 5.12 StrengthRequirem

43、entsFoldingchairsshallbetestedinaccordancewith6.7,andshallnotgenerateanysharpedges,sharp corners, sharp points, or any scissoring, shearing or pinch points. The product shall remain functional upon completion of the testing. Some deformation of the chair is permissible provided that the preceding re

44、quirements are met. These requirements shall apply to folding chairs with either rigid seating surfaces or sling-type exible seating surfaces suspended from a frame (for example,directorschairs)regardlessofwhethertheavailableseatingwidthofthechairislimitedbyastructuresuchasarmrests. 5.13 StabilityAl

45、l chairs shall not tip over backward when tested in accordance with 6.8. 6. Test Methods 6.1 Locking Mechanisms: Mechanisms (for folding chairs and stools only): 6.1.1 Erect the product in accordance with any manufacturers instructions. 6.1.2 Secure the product so that the normal folding motion is n

46、ot impeded. 6.1.3 Applyaforceof45lbf(200N)totheproductinthedirectionnormallyassociatedwithfolding.Applytheforcegradually over a 5-s period and maintain for an additional 10 s before releasing the force. 6.1.4 Perform this procedure ve times within a 2-min period. 6.2 Locking Test MethodMethod (for f

47、olding chairs and stools only)With the product in each of the manufacturers recommended use positions, gradually apply a force of 10 lbf (45 N) to the locking mechanism in the direction tending to unlock it. The locking mechanism shall not unlock until a minimum force of 10 lbf (45 N) has been achie

48、ved. F261313 36.3 Permanency of Labels and Warnings: 6.3.1 A paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove it without the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed, it tears into pieces upon removal, or such action damages the su

49、rface to which it is attached. 6.3.2 A non-paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove it without the aid of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed or such action damages the surface to which it is attached. 6.3.3 Awarning label attached by a seam shall be considered permanent if it does not detach when subjected to a 15-lbf (67-N) pull force applied in any direction most likely to cause failure using a 3 4-in. (19