ASTM F2170-2002 Standard Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor Slabs Using in situ Probes《利用定向探头测定水泥地厚板相对湿度的标准试验方法》.pdf

《ASTM F2170-2002 Standard Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor Slabs Using in situ Probes《利用定向探头测定水泥地厚板相对湿度的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ASTM F2170-2002 Standard Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor Slabs Using in situ Probes《利用定向探头测定水泥地厚板相对湿度的标准试验方法》.pdf（5页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、Designation: F 2170 02Standard Test Method forDetermining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor SlabsUsing in situ Probes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the

2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determinationof percent relative humidity in concrete slabs for fie

3、ld orlaboratory tests.1.2 The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and d

4、etermine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific warnings are given in Section 7, 10.3.2, and 10.4.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 511 Specification for Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, andWater Storage Tanks2E 104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humid

5、ityby Means of Aqueous Solutions3F 710 Practice for Preparing Concrete Floors to ReceiveResilient Flooring43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 relative humidity, nratio of the amount of watervapor actually in the air compared to the amount of water vaporrequired for saturation at that particular tem

6、perature andpressure, expressed as a percentage.3.1.2 service temperature and relative humidity, naverageambient air temperature and relative humidity that typicallywill be found in a buildings occupied spaces during normaluse.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method comprises two procedures fo

7、r formingholes in concrete into which a relative humidity probe isplaced. Procedure A for hardened concrete involves drilling acylindrical hole in concrete with a rotary hammerdrill, thenplacing a hollow sleeve to line the hole. Procedure B is analternative procedure for fresh concrete, which involv

8、es form-ing a cylindrical hole in concrete by placing a hollow cylin-drical tube in the formwork, then placing and consolidatingconcrete around the tube. The liner or tube permits measure-ment of RH at a specific, well-defined depth in the concrete.4.2 Methods of probe calibration and factors affect

9、ingequilibration are described in Section 8.5. Significance and Use5.1 Moisture permeating from concrete floor slabs affectsthe performance of flooring systems such as resilient andtextile floor coverings and coatings. Manufacturers of suchsystems generally require moisture testing to be performedbe

10、fore installation on concrete. Internal relative humiditytesting is one such method.5.2 Excessive moisture permeating from floor slabs afterinstallation can cause floor covering system failures such asdebonding and deterioration of finish flooring and coatings andmicrobial growth.5.3 Moisture test r

11、esults indicate the moisture condition ofthe slab only at the time of the test.6. Apparatus6.1 Humidity Probe and Digital Meter, with relative humid-ity and temperature sensors in cylindrical probe, with externaldiameter less than approximately 0.75 in. (20 mm), andaccuracy 62-3 % from 0 to 100 % re

12、lative humidity. Obtainprobes from a manufacturer with a NIST-traceable calibrationcertificate stating the range of calibration and the accuracy overthat range. Probes shall be calibrated at 95 % relative humidityor higher, in addition to lower relative humidity levels.NOTE 1Calibration by end-users

13、 using saturated salt solutions inaccordance with Practice E 104 is not recommended due to the technicaldifficulties of maintaining sufficiently accurate reference standards.Checking with salt solutions is an acceptable method of assessing probeperformance.6.2 Hole Liners, plastic or non-corroding m

14、etal tubes, insidediameter not more than 0.04 in. (1 mm) greater than the probesexternal diameter, of sufficient length to seal the hole to thedesired depth.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F06 on ResilientFloor Coverings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee

15、F06.40 onPractices.Current edition approved July 10, 2002. Published September 2002.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.03.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.04.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1

16、9428-2959, United States.NOTE 2Liners with projecting circumferential fins at the bottom endare desirable to provide a seal near the bottom of the hole.6.3 Rotary Hammerdrill, Carbide Drill Bits, VacuumCleaner Equipped with HEPA Filter, and Brush, for drillingholes in concrete and removing drilled d

17、ust from the holes.Drill bit diameter shall not exceed 0.04 in. (1 mm) larger thanthe external diameter of the hole liner.7. Hazards7.1 Silica and Asbestos WarningDo not sand, dry sweep,dry scrape, drill, saw, beadblast, or mechanically chip orpulverize existing resilient flooring, backing, lining f

18、elt, paint,asphaltic cutback adhesives, or other adhesives. These productsmay contain asbestos fibers or crystalline silica. Avoid creatingdust. Inhalation of such dust is a cancer and respiratory tracthazard. Smoking by individuals exposed to asbestos fibersgreatly increases the risk of serious bod

19、ily harm. Unlesspositively certain that the product is a nonasbestos-containingmaterial, presume that it contain asbestos. Regulations mayrequire that the material be tested to determine asbestoscontent. The Resilient Floor Covering Institutes (RFCI) rec-ommended work practices for removal of existi

20、ng resilientfloor coverings should be consulted for a defined set ofinstructions addressed to the task of removing all resilient floorcovering structures.57.2 Lead WarningCertain paints may contain lead. Expo-sure to excessive amounts of lead dust presents a health hazard.Refer to applicable federal

21、, state, and local laws and guidelinesfor hazard identification and abatement of lead-based paintpublished by the U.S. Department of Housing and UrbanDevelopment regarding appropriate methods for identifyinglead-based paint and removing such paint, and any licensing,certification, and training requi

22、rements for persons performinglead abatement work.67.3 Wet Concrete WarningContact with wet (unhardened)concrete, mortar, cement, or cement mixtures can cause skinirritation, severe chemical burns, or serious eye damage. Wearwaterproof gloves, a long-sleeved shirt, full-length trousers,and proper ey

23、e protection when working with these materials.If you have to stand in wet concrete, use waterproof boots thatare high enough to keep concrete from flowing into them. Washwet concrete, mortar, cement, or cement mixtures from yourskin immediately after contact. Indirect contact through cloth-ing can

24、be as serious as direct contact, so promptly rinse outwet concrete, mortar, cement, or cement mixtures from cloth-ing. Seek immediate medical attention if you have persistent orsevere discomfort.8. Calibration8.1 Recalibrate probes at least annually or more frequentlyif exposed to environmental cond

25、itions that affect measurementaccuracy.8.2 Check probe calibration within 30 days before use byeither of the two following procedures:8.2.1 Calibration Check Procedure 1, Saturated SaltSolutionsPrepare saturated salt solutions in accordance withPractice E 104. Follow probe manufacturers recommendedp

26、rocedure for exposing probes. Record the as-found relativehumidity and the nominal relative humidity of the salt solu-tions. If the as-found relative humidity differs from the nominalrelative humidity by more than 2 % (below 90 % relativehumidity) or by more than 3 % (from 90 to 100 % relativehumidi

27、ty), recalibrate the probe before use.8.2.2 Calibration Check Procedure 2, Compressed Dry Airand Moist Room:8.2.2.1 0 % Relative HumidityConnect one end of a tubeto a compressed gas cylinder containing zero-grade or driercompressed air or an inert gas such as nitrogen. Insert therelative humidity pr

28、obe into the other end of the tube. Allowthe gas to flow at several millilitres per minute until the probereaches equilibrium (less than 1 % relative humidity drift in 5min). Record the percent relative humidity.8.2.2.2 100 % Relative HumidityPlace the probe in amoist room or chamber meeting the req

29、uirements of Specifi-cation C 511 for at least 30 min. Allow the probe to reachequilibrium (less than 1 % relative humidity drift in 5 min). Athin, moisture vapor permeable membrane surrounding thesensing element will inhibit condensation on the sensingelement. If condensation occurs, remove the pro

30、be from themoist environment and allow to dry before repeating themeasurement. Record the percent relative humidity.8.2.2.3 If checking reveals the probe output differs from 0by more than 2 % or from 100 % by more than 3 %, recalibratethe probe before use.9. Conditioning9.1 Concrete floor slabs shal

31、l be at service temperature andthe occupied air space above the floor slab shall be at servicetemperature and service relative humidity for at least 48 hbefore making relative humidity measurements in the concreteslab.10. Procedure10.1 Number of Tests and Locations:10.1.1 Perform three tests for the

32、 first 1000 ft2(100 m2) andat least one additional test for each additional 1000 ft2(100m2).10.1.2 Select test locations to provide information aboutmoisture distribution across the entire concrete floor slab,especially areas of potential high moisture. For slabs on-gradeand below-grade, include a t

33、est location within1m(3ft)ofeach exterior wall.10.2 Determine the appropriate depth for probe holes fromthe following table:Drying Conditions Drill-to Depth from Top of SlabSlab drying from top only(Example: slab on ground with vaporretarder below, or slab on metal deck)40 %(Example: 1.5 in. (40 mm)

34、 deep in 4-in.(100-mm) thick slab)Slab drying from top and bottom(Example: elevated structural slab notin metal deck)20 %(Example: 0.75 in. (20 mm) deep in4-in. (100-mm) thick slab)NOTE 3Testing at these depths will indicate the potential equilibrium5Recommended Work Practices for Removal of Resilie

35、nt Floor Coverings,Resilient Floor Covering Institute, 401 East Jefferson St., Suite 102, Rockville, MD20850.6Lead-Based Paint: Interim Guidelines for Hazard Identification and Abatementin Public and Indian Housing, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Develop-ment, NTIS Order Number PB91-144311. Av

36、ailable online from www.fed-world.gov.F2170022relative humidity that will be established within the concrete slab after alow-permeability floor covering is applied.10.3 Procedure ADrilled Holes:10.3.1 Use a rotary hammerdrill with a carbide-tipped drillbit to drill holes to required depth. Drill bit

37、 diameter shall notexceed 0.04 in. (1 mm) larger than the external diameter of thehole liner. Hole shall be drilled dry. Do not use water forcooling or lubrication; do not wet-core test hole.10.3.2 Remove dust from the hole using a vacuum cleaner.(WarningAvoid blowing dust from the hole that mightbe

38、come respirable. Wear respiratory protection if necessary toavoid breathing concrete dust while drilling and cleaningholes.)10.3.3 Insert hole liner to bottom of hole. Place rubberstopper into upper end of liner and seal around liner to concreteat concrete surface with joint sealant, caulk, or gaske

39、ted cover.10.3.4 Allow 72 h to achieve moisture equilibrium withinthe hole before making relative humidity measurements.10.3.5 Continue the determination of relative humidity inaccordance with 10.5.NOTE 4Measurement of relative humidity on concrete powder col-lected from a drilled hole does not prod

40、uce results of sufficient accuracyto meet the purposes described in Significance and Use.10.4 Alternative Procedure BCast Holes:10.4.1 Before placing concrete, secure liner tube to form-work or steel reinforcement to avoid displacement of tubesduring concrete placement, consolidation, and finishing.

41、10.4.2 Secure a solid rod slightly smaller than the innerdiameter of the liner into the liner so that the bottom end of therod is flush with the bottom end of the liner at measurementdepth and the top end protrudes above the top of the liner. Thisrod will exclude fresh concrete from entering the lin

42、er duringconcrete placement and consolidation.10.4.3 Place, consolidate, and finish the concrete, ensuringthe liner remains at required depth. Remove the inner solid rodafter the concrete hardens and place a rubber stopper into theupper end of the liner.10.4.4 Holes formed by casting liners in fresh

43、 concrete canbe used to measure relative humidity as soon as the concretehardens. (WarningHoles formed in fresh concrete mightcontain highly alkaline solution (pH12) that must be removedbefore placing probes. This solution can cause chemical burnson exposed skin. Remove solution from a hole using a

44、spongeor rag. Wear protective eyewear and gloves. Handle soakedrags or sponges with care. Do not use compressed air to blowsolution out of holes.)10.5 Measurement:10.5.1 Remove the rubber stopper at the top of the liner andinsert probe. Seal the probe lead wire to the liner where thewire emerges fro

45、m the top of the liner. Connect the probe leadwire to the meter, turn on the meter and allow it to warm up asindicated by the manufacturers instructions.10.5.2 Allow probe to reach temperature equilibrium beforemeasuring relative humidity. Probe shall be at the sametemperature as the concrete before

46、 reading. Even a smalldifference in temperature will produce a significant error inrelative humidity measurement.10.5.3 Check for drift. Meter reading must not drift morethan 1 % relative humidity over 5 min. Equilibration may takeseveral hours to several days depending on factors such as theinitial

47、 temperature difference between probe and concrete. Themeter can be turned off and disconnected from the probe whilethe probe equilibrates with the concrete.10.5.4 Record the relative humidity to the nearest percentand temperature to the nearest degree Celsius (Fahrenheit).Also record the location o

48、f the hole within the structure anddepth of the probe tip below the concrete surface to the nearest0.04 in. (mm).10.5.5 Use the relative humidity probe to measure theambient air temperature and relative humidity above the slab inthe vicinity of the hole. Record the relative humidity to thenearest pe

49、rcent, and temperature to the nearest degree Fahren-heit (Celsius).10.6 Remove the hole liner and fill the hole with a cemen-titious patching compound to produce a surface finish inaccordance with Practice F 710, in Paragraph 4.5 under Gen-eral Guidelines. Use a patching compound rated by its manu-facturer as suitable for the depth of patch.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Name and address of the structure.11.1.2 Date and time measurements were made.11.1.3 Name, title, and affiliation of worker performing themeasurements.11.1.4 Locations and dept