ASTM F434-1993(2017) Standard Test Method for Blow-Out Testing of Preformed Gaskets《预制衬垫漏气检测的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: F434 93 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forBlow-Out Testing of Preformed Gaskets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F434; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision

2、.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-tance against blow-out of preformed gaskets. The test isconducted under ambient

3、conditions and should be used forcomparison purposes only to select suitable designs andconstructions for specific applications.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address a

4、ll of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance w

5、ith internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Adjunct

6、s:Detailed Drawings of Test Unit23. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is designed to compare all types ofpreformed gaskets under controlled conditions with respect toblow-out resistance. This test method may be used as a routinetest when agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.4. App

7、aratus4.1 Pressure Supply, capable of 7 MPa (1000 psi), prefer-ably hydraulic, and with proper safety precautions, in the eventof a rapid-gasket failure.4.2 Test Unit,3capable of withstanding 7 MPa (1000 psi)internal pressure under ambient conditions. Provisions shouldbe made for valve and pressure

8、gage mountings, as shown inFig. 1. The gage shall read from 0 to 7 MPa (0 to 1000 psi) andbe mounted so as to be visible at some distance.4.3 Booster PumpAn air-operated hydraulic (water) pres-sure pump, capable of delivering 1.1 105m3/s (40 in.3/min)against a back pressure of 35 MPa (5000 psi).4.4

9、Temperature Indicating DeviceA thermometer ca-pable of reading 1C (2F) in the ambient temperature range.5. Test Specimen5.1 The specimen shall be a 102 mm (4-in.) nominal-sizegasket 114 mm (4.5 in.) in inside diameter by 165 mm (6.5 in.)in outside diameter. The thickness of the test gasket willdepen

10、d upon its expected usage and must be specified in thereport, as results will vary accordingly.6. Procedure6.1 Assemble the specimen in the test unit.6.2 The bolt threads should be well lubricated using moly-disulfide dry film or grease. Sanding the bottom of the boltheads and the washers will reduc

11、e torque variable and ensureduplication of results.6.3 Tighten the bolts, using the sequence shown in Fig. 2,increasing the torque loading in 25 % increments to thetargeted torque, but do not exceed the rating on the bolts.6.4 Fill the test unit with water, and bleed out all excess airby tilting unt

12、il no further air bubbles are forthcoming.6.5 Fill the oil reservoir (thermowell) three-quarters full oflight oil. Allow 15 min for the temperature to stabilize, andinsert the temperature sensor.6.6 Before applying hydrostatic pressure, cover the entiretest receptacle with a metal shield, leaving th

13、e gage exposedfor the recording of data.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F03 on Gasketsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.20 on Mechanical TestMethods.Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approvedin 1975. Last previous ed

14、ition approved in 2009 as F434 93 (2009). DOI:10.1520/F0434-93R17.2Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJF0434.3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis the Pfaudler Co., PO Box 1600, Rochester, NY 14603. If you are aware ofaltern

15、ative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-

16、2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technica

17、l Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16.7 Attach a water hose from the booster pump, andgradually apply water pressure. This should be done under safeconditions, as follows:6.7.1 The operator should be wearing suitable safetyequipment,6.7.2 The control valve should be located at a safe distancefrom t

18、he test area, and6.7.3 Quick and violent pressure surges should be avoided.6.8 Discontinue the application of pressure when 7 MPa(1000 psi) has been reached.6.9 Should blow-out occur before the maximum test pres-sure is obtained, record the maximum gage pressure reached.6.10 Close off the inlet valv

19、e, and allow the unit to stand atroom temperature for 20 h. Record pressure gage readings at 1,2, 3, 4, and 24 h intervals. Record temperatures along withpressure readings. Since a closed system results, the absolutepressure will be proportional to the absolute temperature.6.11 Release the pressure

20、before doing any work, such asdismantling, adjusting, etc. on the test unit.7. Report7.1 Report the following information.7.1.1 Identification of gasket,7.1.2 Specimen thickness,7.1.3 Pressure at which blow-out occurred, if it occurred,7.1.4 Indication that the test gasket withstood the maximumappli

21、ed pressure, if this was the case,7.1.5 Pressure readings versus time, if the entire test proce-dure was concluded, and7.1.6 Temperature readings at the time the pressure figureswere recorded.8. Precision and Bias8.1 Since the results of this test are reported as visualobservations, no precision or

22、bias statements are possible.9. Keywords9.1 gasket blow-out; hydrostatic pressure; preformed gas-ketsFIG. 1 Test UnitNOTE 1Tighten bolts evenly: follow numerical sequence.FIG. 2 Bolt Tightening ProgressionF434 93 (2017)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent right

23、s asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any t

24、ime by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will

25、 receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM

26、 International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 93 (2017)3