ASTM E381-2017 red 2500 Standard Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars Billets Blooms and Forgings《钢棒材 坯锭 大方坯和锻件宏观浸蚀试验的标准方法》.pdf
《ASTM E381-2017 red 2500 Standard Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars Billets Blooms and Forgings《钢棒材 坯锭 大方坯和锻件宏观浸蚀试验的标准方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM E381-2017 red 2500 Standard Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars Billets Blooms and Forgings《钢棒材 坯锭 大方坯和锻件宏观浸蚀试验的标准方法》.pdf(6页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: E381 01 (Reapproved 2012)E381 17Standard Method ofMacroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, andForgings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope Scope*1.1 Macroetching, wh
3、ich is the etching of specimens for macrostructural examination at low magnifications, is a frequently usedtechnique for evaluating steel products such as bars, billets, blooms, and forgings.1.2 Included in this method is a procedure for rating steel specimens by a graded series of photographs showi
4、ng the incidenceof certain conditions. The method is limited in application to bars, billets, blooms, and forgings of carbon and low alloy steels.1.3 A number of different etching reagents may be used depending upon the type of examination to be made. Steels reactdifferently to etching reagents beca
5、use of variations in chemical composition, method of manufacture, heat treatment and manyother variables. Establishment of general standards for acceptance or rejection for all conditions is impractical as some conditionsmust be considered relative to the part in which it occurs.1.4 This standard do
6、es not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. See the specific precautionary state
7、ment in 5.3.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Ba
8、rriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E7 Terminology Relating to MetallographyE340 Practice for Macroetching Metals and AlloysE1180 Practice for Preparing Sulfur Prints for Macrostructural Evaluation2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:Photographs for Rating Macroetched Steel (3 pl
9、ates)33. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this method, see Terminology E7.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 Terminology Applicable Only to Ingot Cast Product:3.2.1.1 splasha nonuniform etch pattern where irregularly-shaped areas exhibit a different et
10、ch contrast than surroundingareas. Splash is normally associated with molten steel which solidifies and oxidizes during initial pouring and which is notcompletely redissolved by the remaining molten steel.3.2.1.2 butt tearssubsurface cracks normally parallel to the surface of the ingot mold wall.3.2
11、.1.3 flute crackscracks perpendicular to the surface of the ingot mold wall which may, or may not, extend to the surfaceof the product.3.2.1.4 bursta single or multi-rayed crack normally located at the center of the wrought product.1 This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E04 on Met
12、allography and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E04.01 on Specimen Preparation.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012June 1, 2017. Published October 2012June 2017. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 asE381 01(2006).(2012). DOI: 10.1520/E0381-01R12.10.1
13、520/E0381-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from ASTM Headquarters. Order Adjunc
14、t: ADJE038101 (Plate I), ADJE038102 (Plate II), and ADJE038103 (Plate III).This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately
15、depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Interna
16、tional, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.2 Definitions Applicable Only to Continuously Cast Products:3.2.2.1 chill zonerapidly cooled metal with a fine structure at the surface of the product which is normally continuous aroundthat surface.3.2.2
17、.2 chill zone crackany crack which is located partially or completely in the chill zone and may extend to the surface ofthe product.3.2.2.3 diagonal cracka crack which lies completely or partially in the diagonal regions of a non-round product whereadjacent columnar or dendritic growth patterns inte
18、rsect.3.2.2.4 subsurface cracka crack perpendicular to and just beneath the chill zone.3.2.2.5 mid-radius cracka crack perpendicular to the surface of the product located approximately halfway between thesurface and center of the product.3.2.2.6 center cracka crack with an aspect ratio (length/width
19、) of approximately 3 or greater located at, or near, the center ofthe product.3.2.2.7 star cracka star-shaped or multi-rayed crack at the center of the product.3.2.2.8 scattered porositymultiple round or irregularly-shaped pores uniformly distributed about the central portion of theproduct.3.2.2.9 w
20、hite banda light etching continuous band(s) parallel to the surface of the product usually located between theone-quarter and three-quarter radius position, normally associated with electromagnetic stirring.3.2.2.10 columnar grainsa coarse structure of parallel, elongated grains formed by unidirecti
21、onal growth during solidification.3.2.3 Conditions Applicable to Both Ingot and Continuously Cast Product:3.2.3.1 nonmetallic inclusionsnonmetallic particles trapped in the steel or the voids resulting when inclusions are dissolvedby the macroetchant.3.2.3.2 patterna dark etching band, usually recta
22、ngular or square, enclosing the central portion of the cross section, normallyvisible only in wrought product. In ingot cast product, it is sometimes called ingotism or ingot pattern.3.2.3.3 pipe or center voida single large cavity located at, or near, the center of the product.3.2.3.4 center unsoun
23、dnessmultiple round or irregularly-shaped voids concentrated at the center of the product.3.2.3.5 dark centera dark etching area at the center of the product. Dark center is solid material and should not be confusedwith center unsoundness.3.2.3.6 pinholessmall pores which lie at, or just beneath, th
24、e surface of the product.3.2.3.7 mold slaginclusions which are normally associated with entrapped fused mold powder and are normally located at,or just beneath, the surface of the product. They are usually found in continuously cast or bottom poured products.3.2.3.8 flakesshort discontinuous interna
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
5000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- ASTME3812017RED2500STANDARDMETHODOFMACROETCHTESTINGSTEELBARSBILLETSBLOOMSANDFORGINGS 钢棒材坯锭 大方 锻件 宏观 浸蚀
链接地址:http://www.mydoc123.com/p-527504.html