ASTM D6049-2003 Standard Test Method for Rubber Property&8212 Measurement of the Viscous and Elastic Behavior of Unvulcanized Raw Rubbers and Rubber Compounds by Compression Betwee.pdf
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1、Designation: D 6049 03Standard Test Method forRubber PropertyMeasurement of the Viscous and ElasticBehavior of Unvulcanized Raw Rubbers and RubberCompounds by Compression Between Parallel Plates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6049; the number immediately following the designat
2、ion indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is an adaptation
3、 of the GermanStandard DIN 53514, a further development of the former“Defo Test” (see Appendix X1).1.2 This test method is capable of measuring and character-izing the rheological behavior (viscosity and elasticity) ofunvulcanized raw rubbers and rubber compounds, relating tothe macro structure of r
4、ubber polymers (average molecularweight, molecular weight distribution, long chain branching,and micro- and macro-gel).1.3 The viscosity and elasticity of unvulcanized rubbers andrubber compounds are determined by subjecting cylindricaltest pieces to a compression/recovery cycle. The dependencyon sh
5、ear rate at constant shear stress is evaluated and thematerial fatigue behavior is determined in repeat cycle testing.1.4 The non-Newtonian viscous and elastic behavior ofrubbers and rubber compounds can also be evaluated.1.5 Statistical evaluation of the test data provides an indi-cation of data va
6、riation, which may be employed as an estimateof the homogeneity of the material tested.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated w
7、ith its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 297 Test Methods for Rubber ProductsChemicalAnalysis2D 926 Test
8、Method for Rubber PropertyPlasticity andRecovery (Parallel Plate Method)2D 4483 Practice for Determining Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black Industries2D 6048 Practice for Stress Relaxation Testing of Raw Rub-ber, Unvulcanized Rubber Compounds, and ThermoplasticElastome
9、ters22.2 DIN Standards:DIN 53514 Testing of RubberDetermination of Viscosityand Elasticity Related Numbers of Raw Rubber andRubber Mixes in a Compression Test between ParallelPlates3DIN 53523, Part 1 Testing of Rubber and ElastomersTesting with the Mooney Shearing Disk Viscometer;Preparation of Test
10、 Pieces32.3 ISO Standards:ISO 5725 Precision of Test MethodsDetermination ofRepeatability and Reproducibility for a Standard TestMethod by Interlaboratory Tests4ISO 7323 RubberRaw and Unvulcanized CompoundedDetermination of Plasticity Number and Recovery Num-ber; Parallel Plate Method43. Terminology
11、3.1 DefinitionsThe following terms appear in logicalorder for the sake of clarity.3.1.1 Multiple Compression Force Testrefer to Section 10for more details.3.1.1.1 viscosity number, V10(Ns)the product of the forceF in N required to compress a test piece the final 0.5 mm (0.02in.) in a 6.0 mm (0.24 in
12、.) total compression cycle (from 13.0to 7.0 mm (0.51 to 0.28 in.) and the compression time dt1equaling 10 s.3.1.1.2 total compression time, tTthe time in s required tocompress a test piece the full 6.0 mm (0.24 in.), that is, from13.0 to 7.0 mm (0.51 to 0.28 in.).3.1.1.3 elasticity number, DE30the e
13、lastic recovery ex-pressed in units of 0.1 mm (0.004 in.) calculated from theheight h2of the test piece after compression from 13.0 to 7.0mm (0.51 in. to 0.28 in.) within 30 s followed by a recoveryperiod of 30 s.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D11 on Rubber and isthe direct
14、 responsibility of Subcommittee D11.12 on Processability Tests.Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 6049 - 02.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.3Available from Deutsches Institut fr Normung, Burgg
15、rafenstr 6, D 10787Berlin 30, Germany.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.1.4 non-Newtonian viscosity exponent
16、, n1the slope ofthe line in a double log plot of the viscosity versus the shearrate; n1is dimensionless and always negative.3.1.1.5 elasticity coeffcient, mthe slope of the line in aplot of the elasticity number DE (see 3.1.2.3) versus the log ofthe shear rate; the dimension of m is mm (in units of
17、0.1 mmper decade).3.1.1.6 test data variation number, svthe average standarddeviation of the data points of the individual test pieces, fromthe regression line of the viscosity number in accordance with3.1.1.4.3.1.1.7 test data variation number, sethe average standarddeviation of the data points of
18、the individual test pieces fromthe regression line of the elasticity number in accordance with3.1.1.5.(a) DiscussionBoth numbers, svand se, can be used to(1) characterize the homogeneity of the test pieces or (2)provide an estimate of the test precision where test pieces areknown to be homogeneous.
19、In addition, secan indicate rarecases of nonlinearity.3.1.1.8 viscous material fatigue, DV21the decrease inpercent of V10for the first compression compared to V10for thesecond compression.(a) DiscussionWhen the first compression/recoverycycle (compression time = recovery time) is repeated, theviscos
20、ity number of the second cycle will be lower than that ofthe first cycle.3.1.1.9 elastic material fatigue, Q21the quotient of therecovery times, (tRV)2and (tRV)1, after the second and firstcompression/recovery cycle, allowing the test piece to reachequivalent recovery heights in both cycles; Q21is d
21、imension-less.(a) DiscussionIn the second compression/recoverycycle the test piece requires a longer recovery time to reach thesame height as in the first cycle.3.1.2 Single Compression Force Testrefer to Section 10for more details.3.1.2.1 viscosityspecific to this test method, the ratio ofcompressi
22、on force to compression time, where compressionforce and compression time are proportional to shear stress andshear rate, respectively.(a) DiscussionThe compression force F specified for aparticular material determines the deformation stress, and thecompression time dt1required to compress a test pi
23、ece the final0.5 mm (0.02 in.) in a 6.0 mm (0.24 in.) total compressioncycle (from 13.0 to 7.0 mm (0.51 to 0.28 in.) determines thedeformation rate.3.1.2.2 total compression time, tTrefer to 3.1.1.2.3.1.2.3 elastic recovery, DEcalculated from the height h2of the test piece after compression from 13.
24、0 to 7.0 mm (0.51in. to 0.28 in.) followed by a recovery period, equal in lengthto the compression time, expressed in units of 0.1 mm (0.004in.).3.1.2.4 non-Newtonian viscosity number, qthe quotient ofthe two compression time values dt1and tT(see 3.1.2.1 and3.1.1.2); q is dimensionless.3.1.2.5 test
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