ASTM D4150-2008 Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels《气体燃料的相关标准术语》.pdf
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1、Designation: D 4150 08Standard Terminology Relating toGaseous Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4150; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indi
2、cates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard defines the terms used in standards thatare the responsiblity of Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels.These terms are used in:1.1.1 The sampling of gaseo
3、us fuels,1.1.2 The analysis of gaseous fuels for composition andvarious other physical properties, and1.1.3 Other practices related to the processing, transmission,and distribution of gaseous fuels.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ISO Standard:ISO NP 14532 Natural GasTerminology23. Terminologyacid gasnatu
4、ral gas containing high concentrations of hy-drogen sulfide or carbon dioxide, or both, which is acidicwhen in contact with water or water vapor.associated gasnatural gas, also known as gas-cap gas ordome gas, that overlies and is in immediate contact, but notin solution, with crude oil in a reservo
5、ir.at-line instrumentinstrument requiring operator interactionto sample gas directly from the pipeline.base conditionstemperature and pressure conditions atwhich natural gas volumes are determined for purposes ofcustody transfer. In natural gas measurement the propertiesof interest are temperature,
6、pressure, and composition. As-suming ideal gas properties, for simplicity, tables of purecompounds can be prepared for use in calculating gasproperties for any composition at “base conditions.” These“base conditions” are chosen near ambient.BtuBritish thermal unit, the amount of energy required tora
7、ise the temperature of one pound of water one degreeFahrenheit. One BtuIT(International Table) is equal to1055.056 J.calorimetera device to measure the evolved heat resultingfrom the combustion of a pressed natural gas (CNG)natural gas that is typicallypressurized to 3600 psi. CNG is primarily used
8、as avehicular pressibilitythe property of a material that permits it todecrease in volume when subjected to an increase pressibility factor (z)a factor calculated by taking theratio of the actual volume of a given mass of gas at aspecified temperature and pressure to its volume calculatedfrom the id
9、eal gas law at the same conditions.dew pointthe temperature at any given pressure at whichliquid initially condenses from a gas or vapor. It is specifi-cally applied to the temperature at which water vapor startsto condense from a gas mixture (water dew point), or atwhich hydrocarbons start to conde
10、nse (hydrocarbon dewpoint).dissolved gasnatural gas held in solution in reservoir liquidsat the prevailing temperature and pressure of the reservoir.dry gasnatural gas containing little or no water vapor.gas qualityquality of gaseous fuel, which is defined by itscomposition and its physical properti
11、es.gross heating value (also called higher heating value) theamount of energy per volume transferred as heat from thecomplete, ideal combustion of the gas at standard tempera-ture in which all the water formed by the reaction condensesto liquid.hydratea solid, crystalline material composed of water
12、andcomponents of natural gas formed under pressure at tem-peratures above the freezing point of water.hydrocarbon dew point(see dew point)inert componentsthose elements or components of naturalgas (fuel gas) that do not contribute to the heating value.in-line instrumentinstrument whose active elemen
13、t is in-stalled in the pipeline and measures at pipeline conditions.interchangeabilitya measure of the degree to which com-bustion characteristics of one gas are comparable to those ofanother gas. Two gases are interchangeable when one gasmay substitute another directly without interfering with theo
14、peration of gas burning appliances or equipment.lean gasnatural gas containing little or no hydrocarbonscommercially recoverable as liquid products.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 onGaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.92 onTerminology
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